Maximilian Voloshin. Russian imbongi-mhlaba opeyintayo kunye mhlalutyi noncwadi

Enye abameli ongasoze ulityalwe iSilver Age yaba onesiphiwo Abantu multi-ohlalele original kakhulu (it was ngokuba Russian kwinkulungwane kakhulu lukhuni XX kwangoko.) - Maximilian Voloshin (1877-1932). Yena ngokulungelelanisiweyo kakhulu angena xesha emangalisayo iincwadi Russian, nto leyo ke ezilungele amazwi imbongi Anna Akhmatova: "Ke kwinyanga yesilivere eqaqambileyo Silver Age emkhenkceni ...", nangona Voloshin ezingezozakhe omnye imiyalelo, ngoko alawula Russian art.

Umntu onesiphiwo isiphiwo kuyo yonke into

NgoMeyi 1877, e Kiev, usapho kumcebisi Collegiate (irenki iklasi VI ihambelana colonel umkhosi) AM Kirienko-Voloshin and E. O. Glazer, unyana. Ngoko nangoko emva kokuzalwa unina womntwana, ithathe isimilo evakalala ixesha, washiya umyeni wakhe, wafa kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, yaye zange ngaye ukhunjulwe. Little Max, yena wakhulela ngokwendlela yabo abangayithandiyo frenzy. Kwaye, mhlawumbi, ukuba ekunene xa wabonakala eRashiya ngenxa akhuliswe lexicographer Maximilian Voloshin, umguquleli abaqeqeshiweyo kunye aneziphiwo, emangalisayo, uhlobo enye imbongi kunye igcisa emangalisayo. Ukongeza, yaba umhlalutyi umdla zoncwadi. Kunye nokuqinisekisa ngoko kuye bathi, ngokungathi indalo ngokwayo udale iprofayile Karadag ngendoda elineentshebe, ngubani ekugqibeleni waba emangalisayo efanayo Maximilian Voloshin.

nxi okungaqhelekanga

Kwaye Isiphelo sakhe nethamsanqa. Le ndoda bechwayitile hoaxer yobuyatha, umgaqo, isiphelo sobomi bakhe baphila, njani yaye bafuna, wabhala ukuba wayefuna Noko ke, ayizange yapapashwa. Kwaye emva kuphela ugcino yemibongo bakhe abantu ungalahleka ngaphandle, azafunyanelwa ndawo. Nkqu igama lakhe ezibandakanya Villas ezimbini ezinemigangatho-2 belalisa eliphangaleleyo, kwiBolsheviks abazange ekhethiweyo. Kwaye e Koktebel, kude kube ekufeni kwalo "shaggy bakaZeyus" kubantu zasehlotyeni beza amakhulu abahlobo kunye nezihlobo zabahlobo bakhe. Estate Voloshin waba into kwikhaya lokonga simahla, ikhaya kuba nobuchule iimbongi, ababhali kunye namagcisa.

ngonyaka sokwahlukanisa izehlo

Maximilian Voloshin waya umthambo - Theodosia amabini eMoscow, iYunivesithi eMoscow (kwisebe zomthetho), bonke bafunda izinto zenzululwazi. Kwaye ke, kwiminyaka kamva, wathi iminyaka elishumi wachitha kwimfundo, hayi ahlanganiswe kuyo nayiphi na ingcamango, yaye yintoni kuyinkcitha iminyaka. Noko ke, waya izifundo zakhe umdla kwi Sorbonne kwaye baqeqeshwa koomasifundisane lamagcisa e Paris.

Ngowe-1900, ngubani m. Voloshin wathi ngonyaka ka nokubunjwa wayo, wathunyelwa evela eMoscow ukuya Central Asia ngenxa inxaxheba izixholoxholo umfundi. Kwaba apha ugqiba ukuba azinikele ubugcisa noncwadi, apho, ngokwembono yakhe, kwakufuneka 'ukuya eNtshona. "

Of nelabaphumileyo - in Encyclopedic

Maximilian Voloshin, ogama biography de 1912 iya inxulumene ne-Paris, babehamba lonke elaseYurophu yaye batyelela eYiputa. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, bengagqibanga umfundi waba ngumphengululi - yena wahamba ebhadula kuloo mzi, ukuchitha ixesha elininzi kumathala eencwadi, omnandi ngathi imfunxa, inkcubeko yakudala ephakathi. Waye bamatasa nguqulelo, ukuvulwa French neembongi Russian kunye bakubo - French. amanqaku yakhe ebalulekileyo ashicilelwe kakhulu iimpapasho ezithandwayo Russian, yaye ixesha lokubuya ukuya Koktebel sele waba negama zoncwadi.

hoaxer onesiphiwo

Kodwa ngo-1913, oku ngokupheleleyo umntu simahla, ogama izimvo basoloko ezahlukeneyo kwezo ezingqonge (ezizezayo kunye nonina yaba Isaci: khulisa nantoni kodwa ungathanda abanye) wenza izenzo amabini, nto leyo ekhokelele Ukwayo olo wathi nguye. Eli bali yokuqala yayibubumenemene abanetalente poetess Elizabeth Dmitrieva. Bapapasha uthotho lwemibongo phantsi elabo Cherubina de Gabriac. Imibongo kwaba kangangokuba abantu. Kodwa exposure wawunzima, ngenxa yoko, akhusela imbeko yabafazi, M. Voloshin, wadubula ngokwakhe Kungquzulwano Gumilev. Imizuzwana Maximilian Alexandrovich waba Bala Tolstoy.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko yoluntu

Ibali yesibini Voloshin wawa kunye nabahlobo abaninzi zoncwadi. Yena-ngenyanga ngoFebruwari wanikela intetho kwi Polytechnic Museum, leyo nobuganga ukuvakalisa wakhe, evela kuzo zonke izimvo ezahlukeneyo malunga ngoonobangela kukuhlaselwa negeza picture Repin "Ivan Grozny ubulala unyana wakhe." Ngowe-1914 wapapasha incwadi zezincoko yakhe "Imibono Art", eyaba ethandwa kakhulu. Yaye ngowe-1910, wakhululwa yokuqokelela yokuqala yemibongo bakhe, imibongo yakhe de ngoko akazange ukupapasha nayiphi Gorky okanye ivanov.

uhlela iCrimea

Abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba imihla yethu akazange kakhulu isikali nawuphi na umntu, okanye ilifa ezinobuchule umzobi, imbongi kunye umgxeki zoncwadi ogama Voloshin Maksimilian. Koktebel kuhlangene kunye igama lakhe. Lo mbono ukuzinza khona unina. Emva unyaka v1893 (Max Ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka engama-16 ubudala) kuba omnye ilizwe yokuqala bathenga apha ukusuka elwandle, bekholelwa ukuba umoya kuphela, uhlobo imbali eminyaka ubudala eCrimea, ezishiye uphawu lwabo malunga neenkcubeko ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, isondela gqitha Maximilian yakhe, apho ixubene ahlobene ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.

ekhaya edume

Ekubeni ukubuya kwakhe evela phesheya, imbongi kunye umzobi phantse kuhlala kwilifa lakhe, ngokuthe ngcembe uba uhlobo iziko yenkcubeko yokucinga Russian. Nangona, njengoko amarhe, asaneli nje wacinga. Kule minyaka inzima kweMfazwe Civil indlu Maksimiliana Voloshina yaba yindawo bonke abahlobo bakhe, kungakhathaliseki "color" zabo - ebomvu wawasindisa ukusuka emhlophe namhlophe ebomvu. Akazange uye ekuthinjweni, ngeli xesha umhlobo wakhe AK Tolstoy ngo-1918 (ngo-1923 wabuyela Soviet Russia) bambongoza ukuba abalekele kwamanye amazwe. Voloshin akazange anikezele kwilizwe labo.

umculi Cimmeria

Ngoxa e Koktebel Voloshin wapeyinta kakhulu - ngokutsho bexesha, watercolors ezimbini ngosuku. Uninzi imisebenzi yakhe zikhatshwa imibongo ezintle. Yena wayethandana Cimmeria (amaGrike amandulo - "amazwe Nordic") yakhe, wabhala waza epeyintwe kulo. Maximilian Voloshin wabhala imijikelo zakhe picture. Abanye babo wathabatha inxaxheba mboniso amagcisa "World of Art". Kodwa ixesha elide hayi babezazi ukuba ababukeli, nangona ukukhetha kakhulu, ephelekwa imibongo, inokufumaneka ifumaneke ngokubanzi. Agcina imisebenzi emininzi baziinkosi imyuziyam egameni lakhe yaye Feodosia, Aivazovsky kulo myuziyam.

Umgcini yelifa

Maximilian Voloshin Museum endlwini yakhe Koktebel kuvulwa ngo-1984. khona oko kumele umhlolokazi Maximilian Alexandrovich M. S. Voloshinoy (nee Zabolotskaya), apho de kwangowe-1976 akukho nje wahlala yangaphambili sendawo, kwaye ngocoselelo liyalondolozwa kunye nayo yonke into ehlobene umyeni wakhe othandekayo. Wayesazi ukuba ngenye imini abahlali Russian bazakuyivuyela ilifa artist enkulu mbongi kuthakazelelwa.

Kule myuziyam kukho le ntetho ka Maksimiliana Voloshina yonyaka International Prize for the iincwadi best kwimibongo, iintsuku zayo lonikezelo ogama Voloshin Septemba. Waza ke wangcwatywa ecaleni imbongi kunye artist - kwiNtaba Kuchuk Yanyshar. Phantsi plate elinye lixhomekeke kunye naye nenkosikazi yakhe.