Lweetiphu: ilayisensi kunye nokwakhiwa

Ngalo mzuzu eRashiya kukho malunga nama-24 000 izinto enxulumene kwiinda inkunkuma eqinileyo. Noko ke, elinye kuphela isishumi kubo wasebenza njengesiseko lomthetho, singasathethi ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho nemigaqo emiselwe yi Rosprirodnadzor. Oku kubangelwa ukuba iingxaki ezivelayo kule ubhaliso okwangoku, uyilo kunye nolwakhiwo lwe maziko. Kuyinto ezisitheleyo lweetiphu ngqo kakhulu okanye abeke iimfuno ezikhethekileyo kwi abanini umxholo, kwakunye ngolungiso logqwidizo okanye zigqithiselwe iwonga eyahlukileyo. Ngalinye le mibuzo kufuneka ibe isifundo oluneenkcukacha ukuphucula amathuba ukuzaliseka yepholigoni mihla, ekhuselekileyo kunye ecocekileyo ngokusemthethweni.

Mvume ye lweetiphu

Imisebenzi ukulungiselela ukuqokelelwa nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma kulawulwa ngokungqongqo nangokuxhomekeke nokubhaliswa. Uxwebhu ukuvumela unyango inkunkuma yasekhaya kwaye mveliso, le mvume. Phambi kokuba uqale inkqubo yobhaliso, kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba loo nkampani uyahlangabezana neemfuneko amagunya zokusuphavayiza, nto leyo iya kuthi ke isivandlakanye itiphu. Le mvume ikhutshwa kuphela phantsi komqathango wokuba ziko iyahlangabezana nemigangatho yococeko kunye kwezifo, oko kukuxhobisa izixhobo eziyimfuneko, bakhonza ngabasebenzi kunye noqeqesho njalo njalo. D. Ukongeza, umfaki-sicelo kufuneka abonelele kuyilo nkqubo, nto leyo eza kuphumeza ulawulo lwemveliso kulawulo lwenkunkuma.

Amaxwebhu nokufumana mvume

Ezinqwenela ukufumana ilayisenisi yokuqhuba olu hlobo lomsebenzi kufuneka anike yempahla Rosprirodnadzor equka iseti ilandelayo zamaxwebhu:

• amaxwebhu iqumrhu elisemthethweni;
• uluhlu ngemisebenzi, nto leyo icetyelwe ukuba kwenziwa kwinkalo yolawulo lwenkunkuma;
• imiqulu engqina ubunini bomhlaba, eya kusindlekwa kwimimandla ukulungiselela ukuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma (lweetiphu badla yakhekani nibe izakhiwo ezizodwa, nayo leyo ufuna amaxwebhu afanelekileyo);
• ubungqina Ukugqitywa ngempumelelo kovavanyo lwempembelelo yokusingqongileyo;
• iziqinisekiso ulawulo lwenkunkuma;
• isiqinisekiso sentlawulo komsebenzi karhulumente le mvume.

Inkqubo ye kunikezelo mvume

Rosprirodnadzor ukhangela ulwazi kunye iimpepha ezithunyelwa kwi-sicelo kwisithuba seentsuku ezi-5. Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zovavanyo isigqibo senziwe ngokohlobo bangakholwa okanye isibonelelo le mvume. Ngokuqhelekileyo, lweetiphu zilayiseniswe ukuba ekuqaleni zisekelwe phezu iimfuno zobugcisa, zomthetho kunye nokusingqongileyo. Kwakhona sibalulekile kakuhle ibunjwe-isethi yamaxwebhu. Ngexesha Ukuphathwa zenkqubo kwamagosa Rosprirodnadzor ukuqinisekisa hetiseka nokuchaneka kolwazi echazwe kwi sicelo kunye namaxwebhu.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ulwakhiwo kwiminyaka yakutshanje ngokuya kuthandwa ekuthiwa uluntu self-elawula (SRO), nto leyo ephelisa yinxalenye nxaxheba ezintsha lemarike ukususela imfuneko yokuba ufumane ilayisensi. Endle yolawulo lwenkunkuma, eli siko ikhula kuphela, kodwa ubulungu kwi SRO kule yabucala kunokuba luncedo kakhulu. Abameli loo maqela kuphela ngokomthetho kugcwaliswa amadama ngamanzi zabo, kodwa zomthetho, kwakunye neenkcukacha kunye nenkxaso yobuchule evela koogxa babo, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu xa nisaqala zophuhliso lwamashishini.

Ibanga design

Kakade ngexesha lesigaba uphuhliso projekthi ithatha ingqalelo injongo polygon olulodwa into, ezenzelwe ukulungiselela ukuqokelelwa nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma zasekhaya. Ukunciphisa iziphumo ezibi kwezi kwizakhiwo kwimeko kwiindawo ezingqonge, uyilo ubonelela iinkqubo zokuzikhusela, phuhlu imiqobo ezingcolisa. nokufumaneka kwabo kwaye imisela umahluko phakathi zokulahla ezikhethekileyo eqhelekileyo kunye zokuyilahla.

Kuba neutralization ngempumelelo iziphumo deleterious ekuqhubeni into elizayo, uyilo kufuneka ibandakanye kugcwaliswa amadama ngamanzi ezilandelayo imisebenzi:

• Uphuhliso lweenkqubo ekukhuseleni uluhlu angcolile. Oku ukuba zithintela ukudibana ngqo phakathi emhlabeni kunye needipozithi ezitiphini.
• Ukunaba imihla kwindawo yepholigoni kunye ithambeka indawo ebusweni for kokususa amanzi komhlaba.
• Ukudala inkqubo umoya ngenxa kwiinda.
• Development kweenkqubo zolawulo kunye nolawulo elahla kuzo.
• Ukuyila isicwangciso sobuciko.

Design oluqhutywa ngokungqinelana nemigaqo ukunciphisa amathuba beengxaki eziphilayo kunye nokungcoliswa kokusingqongileyo. Ngelo xesha ke kubaluleke kakhulu ngokubhekiselele zokhuseleko imizimba amanzi.

Ukwakhiwa lweetiphu

Iziganeko omiliselo zobugcisa lweeprojekthi kwiinda ezininzi ezifanayo kwiiprojekthi zokwakha bemveli. izakhiwo anjalo angaquka i efanayo, izakhiwo basezifama, njalo njalo. E. To umahluko yayanyaniswa iimfuno ezithile amakheswa kunye nokukhethwa izinto. Ukongezelela, kwiinda zokwakha kwaye sijonge ukwakha izibonelelo zococeko kunye izikrini protivofiltratcionnymi, ezo izinto eziphambili kuso nasiphi na isakhiwo sale hlobo.

izithintelo yemvelo ekusasazweni ukungcola e practice zinqabile, ngoko abaphuhlisi zixhobisa amakhaka ezikhethekileyo yokhuselo phezu kwamanzi kwindawo yokusebenza. Ngoncedo kwemiqobo ezinjalo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wentshabalalo ezinobungozi okusingqongileyo njengoko ngenxa ifuthe weepholigoni okusingqongileyo esibi.

lenkunkuma sokufuna

Ekubeni uyilo yokulahla inkunkuma asinakho, ngaphandle ithuba ukulungiswa kwayo ekugqibeleni. Esi siganeko sibaluleke, apho emhlabeni ahlala yi kwisikhululo yangaphambili izuza ababephile qete indalo.

Ngaloo kwiinda wokusindisa iya kwenziwa ngokweendlela yokuvelisa ezahlukeneyo neutralization, kuquka la manyathelo alandelayo:

• Umhlaba wokuhlahlelwa isiza ukuqinisekisa inqanaba ingozi yayo.
• Ukuqwalaselwa ubukho bokusetyenziswa ezinye sokufuna.
• Ukuphuhliswa projekthi ukuze kulahlwe nolungiso elandelayo.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho amaqela eziliqela iindlela zobugcisa ukuphelisa etiphini. Ukuze isicelo ukuchacha esisiseko kunye nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma kwenye indawo ekhuselekileyo ndilutshabalalise ngqo kwi sayithi.