Likomkhulu kummandla Sakhalin: ulwazi ngokubanzi, imbali kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Inxalenye ezizodwa eRashiya, kuba loo mmandla wempuma - kummandla Sakhalin. Ikomkhulu, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk isixeko, ibekwe kwi siqithi sikhulu yendawo kwaye ibekwe kude ukusuka eMoscow 6660 km. Siya ndithi malunga awohluke zommandla nekomkhulu yayo, ngendlela yokuphila apho.

indawo okuyo

ummandla Sakhalin, esimi apho wahlukile - ummandla kuphela Russian akhiwe ngokupheleleyo ziqithi. Luquka kwisiqithi Sakhalin, Kuriles nasentshonalanga ezimbini, iziqithi kunye Seal Moneron. Imida mmandla kunye iyavuma kunye ena Krai, kwakunye ne-Japan. Shore kwiziqithi Lendawo zihlanjwe lwePasifiki, uLwandle Okhotsk kunye eLwandle Japan. Le ndawo iyonke ngingqi 87 amawaka isikwere. km. Iziqithi, elisuke ndawo babe imvelaphi mlilo-ziitectonic plates kwaye ngoko kolwabelo sendawo. Phantse zonke iziqithi zonxweme lwamawa, amawa, kuphela nje iindawo ezimbalwa yokuba sinamazinga, ngobuchule esetyenziswe phantsi emanzini. Kwingingqi apho kukho umsebenzi ophezulu wenyikima, ngoko, isiqabu kunye iikhonto ze iziqithi kuqhubeka ukutshintsha. Uhlobo kummandla Sakhalin ongqwabalala, kodwa ezahlukeneyo. Kukho imilambo emininzi kunye namachibi ikhula phantse 1.5 amawaka zezityalo ezahlukeneyo, ikhaya kwizilwanyana ezininzi lomthonyama, ezifana ibhere, amaxhama must, nembila, impungutye, Sable kunye nabanye.

Hlola History

De kwaba yinkulungwane ye-12 imbali imimandla, ethi namhla uthatha kummandla Sakhalin, ligutyungelwe imfihlakalo. Ngenkulungwane ye-12 okokuqala apha ezityalwe kunye Japanese Hokkaido kwaye ufumane apha kokuhlaliswa kwabantu bomthonyama: Ainu kunye Nivkh. Kanye, malunga 60 namawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo, Sakhalin wamazi isiwe ukuze azise kunye kwisiqithi Hokkaido. Kodwa olwandle uyihlawulele le ndawo, yaye malunga 10 namawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo, iziqithi anqamka ukusuka 'abaninzi bavela'. Apha siza elunxwemeni wambi Japanese, Mongols kwaye Chinese, kodwa musa baphile apha na iimeko ezinzima kakhulu. ngenkulungwane ye-13 Mongols uthathe inani amalinge koyisa kula mazwe, ekugqibeleni wakwazi ukufaka apha iinkampu zabo. Ngu iziqithi abhabhe wambi hambo yaseYurophu. Ngenkulungwane ye-17, i yaseJapan sithathe iinzame kuqala ukuba singene Sakhalin, zenza imephu siqithi yokuqala. Kwangaxeshanye, apha kuthunyelwa kwiphulo lokuqala Russian.

Ngenkulungwane ye-17 emva kwexesha, Sakhalin kuwa phantsi Protectorate ka naseManchuria kunye norhulumente IsiRashiya ukuya ukubeka up nale meko. Kule 18 - nasekuqaleni kweye-19, i-uBukhosi Russian kwakhona athathe inani seenzame ukuthatha phezu kwiziqithi: ukusuka izivumelwano ukuya iingxabano emkhosini. Ngowe-1850 Nevelsk indwe iphakanyisiwe Russian phezu Sakhalin. Ngenkulungwane ye-19 emva kwexesha, wakha ubukhosi yabasebenzi inkulu nzima, ngowe-1882 kwakukho kwenkunzi yexesha elizayo kummandla Sakhalin - ngoko nangoku lali Vladimirovka. Ngo-1904 i yaseJapan wayithimba Sakhalin, kwaye iziphumo Russian-Japanese War, iRashiya walahlekelwa ezinye Sakhalin Oblast. Kuphela emva kokuba yeSibini kweMfazwe Yehlabathi, eRussia ukwazi ukwenza ilizwe. Nongquzulwano ebhekiswe kuyaqhubeka namhlanje phakathi eRashiya Japan phezu Kuril Islands.

sezulu

Region Sakhalin abe zemvula sezulu. lobushushu ngonyaka Umyinge nguthabatha degrees-4. Imozulu yendawo ngasentla olunzima kakhulu, kunye, ubusika elide zimanzi kunye nehlobo elifutshane. Emzantsi, apho imali kummandla Sakhalin, ubusika lithambile yaye ehlotyeni umoya ndinobushushu 15-19 degrees Celsius. Ebusika kwekhephu mmandla, ngezininzi kwekhephu, it ihlala ekupheleni Novemba ukuya ekuqaleni Epreli. Cool ihlobo iqala ngoJuni luze luphele ngo-Agasti. Kwakhona, kuba i-mmandla uphawuleka ixesha elide senguqu entlakohlaza nasekwindla. Yehla eninzi imvula (900 mm ngonyaka ngamnye) kuwo onke amaxesha onyaka, inyanga lawona January. Kufutshane oLwandle abandayo Okhotsk ayiniki umoya efudumeleyo kakhulu, ngoko kukho kusoloko ezipholileyo ngaphezu kwezinye iingingqi kwi ngama efanayo.

Iinkalo ezithile zobomi e Sakhalin

manani ezisemthethweni zinika isishwankathelo kummandla Sakhalin, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ngingqi inkqubo yokukhula koqoqosho, ukuba kukho amathuba elungileyo kuphuhliso. Kodwa abahlali bendawo bathi abahlala Sakhalin kulula. Izizwe kubangele kwimozulu ezimaxongo phantse zonke iimpahla ngaphandle, yaye ngoko nangoko bubonakala ixabiso labo. Imozulu umkhwa inokubonakala namahlwempu kakhulu, nangona kubemi bomthonyama ithi ukuba akanayo zalo eziluncedo. Umzekelo, ihlobo kubonwa nje ixabiso okhethekileyo, ngoko uyakwazi ukunandipha. Eyona inzuzo ngingqi - eli ubuhle nanto bendalo, ukuloba enkulu, ukuzingela. ummandla Sakhalin, imizi nezithili abakulo mmandla-mali karhulumente, unawo kusini na umgangatho olude ophakamileyo wokuphila, nangona amanani, Kakade ke, kunokuba enkulu. Emazantsi kule ndawo inika ngokwaneleyo bekhululekile, nangona iimeko ezithile ukuze zokuphila. Kodwa ngasentla mmandla - indawo kuphela abalandeli imidlalo eyingozi.

division zokuphatha

Ngo-2011, uRhulumente kweNqila Sakhalin iye yavuma ukwahlulwa omtsha kummandla ibe kwizithili. Xa zizonke abelwe apho izithili 17, 1 umzi ngaphantsi lwengingqi, 2 imizi ngokubaluleka lwengingqi, kunye nokuhlawula enye ezidolophini nasemaphandleni. Iyonke kwizixeko-15, ezilokishini 5 inemizana 242.

amandla

Lilawula urhulumente wengingqi kummandla Sakhalin, nto leyo ikhokelwe iRhuluneli. Yeyona igunya aphezulu olawulo. igunya lowiso fanele ku Sakhalin Oblast Duma. Bendawo bathi ulawulo ziviwa kuphela imizi, enzulwini entsimini, ingakumbi abantu emantla ukuphila cishe ngokuzimeleyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba kwezinye iindawo zokuhlala kwiindawo ezikude ezifana ukuba kungabikho mandla akukho nje ayikwazi kufikelelwe.

Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk

Ikomkhulu Ingingqi Sakhalin ifumaneka e-mpuma besiqithi, malunga-25 km ukusuka kunxweme loLwandle Okhotsk. Kuyinto ekhaya kubantu abamalunga nama-200 amawaka, loxinano abemi 1.1 amawaka. Abantu. macala nganye. km, ngelixa ummandla lo mzobo 5, abantu 5 square kilometre. km. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Sakhalin mmandla ezinkulu - lelona sixeko sikhulu kummandla kunye neziko kwazo kwezoqoqosho. Le dolophu iqulathe iilali ezininzi, ummandla iyonke okwilizwe le phantse 1000 square metres. km. Esi sixeko ingqalelo iinkampani eziphambili mveliso kunye nezorhwebo kule ngingqi. Oku kulapho abantu balapha unakho ukufumana umsebenzi kwezinye iindawo zaloo mmandla kunye imisebenzi, izinto ezimbi. Indleko zokuhlala kwingingqi mali aphakamileyo, kuba ulwakhiwo ibuthathaka. Konke oku kukhokelela kukuba abantu abaselula bedla ngokuyaphula bakhetha ukuya nezwe.

anika umdla

Sakhalin - indawo ekhethekileyo, malunga ukuhamba kwakhe Inyange lokwenyani. Enyanisweni - lelona siqithi sikhulu yelo eRashiya. In Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, kunye nezinye izixeko, uyakwazi ukubona yaseJapan kulakhela indlu. Uqhekekile umzi longanyelwe ziimoto Japanese, imodeli kakhulu ethandwa - lemoto. On Sakhalin Island kuyafikeleleka kuphela emoyeni okanye emanzini. Ebusika, kukho amaxesha xa ihlangane zothutho kunye ziqithi apho.