Kunye nale eCrimea Russia ngo-2014: kwenzeka kanjani?

utshintsho abaninzi kwenzeka ehlabathini ngo-2014. Ngokuba umntu ukuba kudlule siyathandaza, ngoxa abanye nje kungenzeka ukuba ukufunda iindaba, ukuba abe imfazwe yehlabathi wesithathu.

Kuba yabemi eCrimea, kuninzi iye yatshintsha kulo nyaka. "Le usingasiqithi of eCrimea kunye Sevastopol isixeko wafudukela i Russian Federation", - ngoko ke kuya kuvakala ngayo inzala ezininzi ngesiphumo zimvo ngo-2014. Kuya kuba ngo-20, 30, mhlawumbi iminyaka engama-40. Ngoku, abanye bathi: "eCrimea wabuyela ekhaya", ngoxa abanye bathi: ". Russia esaphethe eCrimea"

Ngaphambi kokuba sihlolisise iziganeko okuqala-2014, yaye ukuze baqonde oko ukuphefumla Crimeans konyaka kamva nokudliwa eCrimea eRashiya, kuyimfuneko ukwenza uhambo encinane ibe elidlulileyo baze bafunde ezidibana ngayo imbali losingasiqithi naseRashiya.

ECrimea utshintsho phantsi kolawulo yoBukhosi Russian

NgoJulayi 1774, wagcina imfazwe phakathi Russia kunye Ottoman. Ngokutsho iziphumo lokuwina inani lemizi Sea Black wemka, baze banikwe ilungelo lokuba babe urhwebo kunye neenqanawa zomkhosi kuLwandle Black. Kwi usingasiqithi iCrimea wabonakala geqe.

Sele-1774 kwaye kwacaca ukuba ukulawula weRashiya ukuya eCrimea - kukuthi, njengokuba bathi, umbandela kwexesha. Kodwa akazange zisonjululwe kwendlela zomkhosi nezopolitiko.

Ngoncedo kwamandla Russian kwi eCrimea weza Khan Shahin Giray, kwaye umlawuli lwangaphambili kunye nabaxhasi bakhe ukuba asabele eTurkey. Nokudliwa eCrimea eRashiya ngowe-1783 kungqinwe IManifesto uKumkanikazi uCatherine II ngomhla wesi-8 Apreli. Ukususela ngoko, imbali losingasiqithi kuhlangene ne-Russia.

Imbali Emfutshane eCrimea ukususela ngowe-1921 ukuya 1954

ECrimea emva nokudliwa eRashiya ngowe-1783, waqala ukutshintsha kakhulu, izibonelelo kunye imveliso iye yakhula, satshintsha ukwakheka yobuhlanga yabemi.

Xa iiBolsheviks weza amandla yaphela iMfazwe Civil, i iCrimea Ukuzilawula yiSoviet Socialist Republic yasekwa. Kwinkulungwane XX ekuqaleni babehlala usingasiqithi: Russian, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba phantse isiqingatha senani labemi (49.6%), i-AmaTatar iCrimea (19.4%), Ukraine (13.7%), amaYuda (5.8%), amaJamani (4 , 5%) kunye nabanye (7%).

Ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic ukulwa komsindo kwi eCrimea, yomsebenzi elide angaqondakali batshintsha ubuso losingasiqithi kunye nesimo abemi balo. Ngentwasahlobo yowama-1944 oko baqalisa ukusebenza ukuba akhulule eCrimea kubahlaseli.

Kule minyaka 1944-1946 le AmaTatar iCrimea bela usingasiqithi kuba inkxaso ngamaNazi eJamani, lamiswa ummandla iCrimea ngaphakathi eRashiya.

ECrimea, Ukraine

Ngowe-1954, eCrimea yaqukwa kwi-Ukrainian Republic. Kwaba ubhalo nokushukunyiswa amaqhina eyezoqoqosho neyezenkcubeko kufutshane, kwakunye ubunye ntsimi. zonxibelelwano abaninzi, iindlela kaloliwe kunye indlela afakelwe kunye bavela Ukraine.

Ngowe-1989, i-Union uye watshintsha isimo sengqondo karhulumente ukuya iCrimea AmaTatar baqalisa ukubuyela ukufuduka kwabo kwelo lizwe.

Ebutsheni bowe-1991, kwaqhutywa zimvo lokuqala, nto leyo ekhokelele eCrimea kwakhona wafumana amalungelo lokuzimela ngaphakathi Ukrainian SSR. Emva kokuwa yiSoviet Union, eCrimea wahlala nakwimo ngoku ezizimeleyo Ukraine. Ukususela ngo-1994 ukuya ku-2014 olwaqhubeka Ukuzilawula Republic of eCrimea. Ekuqaleni 2014 kwakukho uqhagamshelwano entsha eCrimea Russian.

Njani ukuba kwaqala

NgoNovemba 2013 kwikomkhulu Ukrainian, waqalisa uqhankqalazo. UMongameli UViktor Yanukovych ihlehlise wokutyikitywa kwesivumelwano ukunxulumana yangqinelana European Union. Esi sizathu yokukhulula abantu ezitalatweni.

Eyaqala nge Rally umfundi rally lakhula laba intshukumo enamandla. Amashumi amawaka abantu balungiselela isixeko ententeni kumbindi Kiev baqalisa ukuhlala izakhiwo zikarhulumente, avuthayo.

Ngokuthe ngcembe irali ngoxolo wajika ukruthakruthwano elinzima phakathi demonstrators kunye namapolisa. Kwakukho amaxhoba kuqala kumacala omabini. Ngelo xesha kwimimandla esentshona Ukraine sele beqalisile inyathelo nxamnye okhoyo karhulumente, wamisa iintloko zabo isixeko namabhunga zengingqi, luyawohloka ezikhumbuzo umbuso eSoviet.

Mdibi d'AFP e Ukraine

NgoFebruwari 2014 isabelo e Kiev, leyo waziwa ngokuba euromaidan lalonyukile. Unknown seva inqwaba abaqhankqalazi kunye namagosa nokunyanzeliswa komthetho babulawa. I inkcaso kunye neenkokeli ngoqhankqalazo wenza kombuso, uMongameli Yanukovych babaleka lizwe kunye nentsapho yakhe.

Babuza ukuba amandla neenkokeli pro-Western, ngolona kuthelekiswa Russian, eRashiya, eSoviet Union. Amaqela mthethweni axhobileyo lwaqala ukuya ukusuka eKiev ukuya kwimimandla. On the kumzantsi-mpuma lizwe ndiqalile inyathelo omkhulu ukuziphindiselela nxamnye omtsha.

ECrimea: evela imiboniso kuba nokhetho

Le ntlekele iye yakhokelela abasemagunyeni eCrimea Ukrainian imfuneko ukuqinisekisa nakwizibetho zabo ngoFebruwari 2014. Ukwamkelwa korhulumente omtsha Ukraine kwakuthetha waphula ubuhlobo zembali, yenkcubeko neyentlalo kunye ekusingasiqithi Russian. imikhosi elwayo ngokucacileyo enobundlobongela wathetha revolution Kiev kwi-Russian, kubandakanywa nabo bahlala eCrimea.

E Sevastopol, Simferopol, Kerch kunye nezinye izixeko baqalisa yokulwisana amandla amatsha e Kiev, ingcinezelo ulwimi Russian, nokubekwa imbali yayo, ukufika abaxhasi axhobileyo euromaidan ndlongondlongo, ukutshatyalaliswa ezikhumbuzo Soviet-xesha. Kuyimfuneko ke, ukuba bathi inxenye yabemi eCrimea inkxaso ezi nkokheli wangumlawuli kwi rally jikelele embindini kwikomkhulu Ukrainian. Xa isivumelwano jikelele kunye norhulumente omtsha va iCrimea nangezinto.

Kuyikhusela izimiso zazo, inkcubeko, indlela yobomi kunye nokhuseleko abemi eCrimea wabhengeza injongo yabo ubambe zimvo, leyo iza kucacisa ukuthanda uninzi abemi lizwe: ukuhlala phantsi kwegunya Ukraine okanye ukujoyina eRussia.

Ukulungiselela, ukuphunyezwa iziphumo zimvo 2014

Umhla we ngodaba bayahlelwa eCrimea kwahlelwa ukuba May 25. Ngoxa kwi usingasiqithi lwenziwa uqeqesho olubanzi kwi-Ukraine, eUnited States naseYurophu yaxoxa alikho semthethweni-zimvo ezinjalo, wathi kwangaphambili the non-ukuqaphela iziphumo zawo.

Kamva, kwi imvelaphi echumayo ntlekele e Ukraine umhla Ivoti susumeteleke ku March 16. Abantu e eCrimea wabonisa umsebenzi omkhulu kunye abengaphezulu-80% yabemi. Crimeans zimvo wazi kakhulu. Lalingekafiki umhla nokudliwa eCrimea eRashiya, kodwa ngoku usuku ngoMatshi 16, bayacelwa ukuba benze iholide ekusingasiqithi.

Sele ziphumo isaziso ngoMatshi 17. vo labantu iCrimea ukuba ubunye ne-Russia. Ke March 21 ezivunyiweyo zasayinwa umthetho ngawo wathabatha ngokusesikweni indawo kwi eqale eRashiya ukuya eCrimea kunye Sevastopol.

zomkhosi Russian eCrimea

Ebusika emva 2014 kwi usingasiqithi iCrimea, intshukumo esebenzayo abantu iyunifom kubonakale. Nkqubo, ngokungekho wafumana amandla e Kiev, ngoko nangoko bathi Russia ka yimpi. Kwelinye icala, iRashiya namkhanyela ebusweni imikhosi yayo phezu usingasiqithi, ngaphandle kweeyunithi ezisekelwe ngokungqinelana nesivumelwano phakathi eRashiya naseUkraine.

Kamva, emkhosini, owenza redeployment kwi usingasiqithi, yaziwa ngokuba "amadoda green" yaye "abantu ngembeko".

Kufuneka ke ukuba Ukraine uwuyekile kwephiko Ukuzilawula Republic ekudaleni iimeko ukuze intando yabantu. Kwaye, ngenxa ubukho anokuvela Russian zomkhosi, wayenelungelo lokuba bahlale usingasiqithi of ukulawula eCrimea ukuba eRashiya kwenzeka ngoxolo.

Imibuzo semthethweni zokuqhawula eCrimea e Ukraine

Ukraine kunye namahlakani ayo ligunyaziswa izenzo ezingekho mthethweni lwe urhulumente eCrimea naseRashiya. Iziphumo lwezimvo kunye nento yentlanganiso, ngokutsho iinkokeli kumazwe amaninzi mthethweni. EU amazwe kunye United States abawazanga loo nokudliwa eCrimea eRashiya yaye siqhubeke ibango ukuba usingasiqithi phantsi nomsebenzi.

Kwangaxeshanye, bayamxhasa mdibi nomgaqo eKiev, kwaye, kananjalo, abameli eUnited States kumazwe aseYurophu baye bahlangana kunye namatsha euromaidan yaye wacebisa neenkokeli zalo.

Isibhengezo kwe zimvo eCrimea kwenziwa ngurhulumente esemthethweni kwiriphabliki elizimeleyo. Abeze zokuvota wabonisa umdla yabantu isigqibo ubomi ngakumbi losingasiqithi ngendlela zisiba iingxaki zoqoqosho eUkraine kunye nehlabathi. Amaninzi, phezu vo-90%, ivotele ukulawula le eCrimea eRashiya.

Umthetho International kuthetha ithuba abantu abahlala kwindawo ethile, ukuba isigqibo ikamva labo. Kwaye yabemi eCrimea yenziwe. Le ukuzimela kwiriphabliki ngaphakathi Ukraine wavumela urhulumente yokubhengeza zimvo, kwaye yiloo nto eyenzekayo.

Iinyanga zokuqala emva kokuba nokhetho

Ithuba lotshintsho kunzima enikwa abemi lizwe. Nokudliwa eCrimea eRashiya ngo-2014 - ngokuqinisekileyo isiganeko zembali ezibalulekileyo kubomi lonke ilizwe. Kodwa yintoni eye yenzeka kwaye iya kuba ubomi babantu iCrimea kwixa elizayo?

Ngo March-Epreli 2014 kweli lizwe waqala ivaliwe phantsi amashishini kunye iibhanki bayeka intlawulo amakhadi kwakunye kwi-ofisi ibhokisi. oosomashishini Ukrainian emkayo asethi zabo.

Baqala ukunqongophala yamanzi kunye nombane, kwaqatsela ukunqongophala kwamathuba emisebenzi, kwaye etyhwini amaxwebhu nokubhaliswa kwakhona ukuba added uvuyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla ka Crimeans. Ngo-Apreli nangoMeyi ekusingasiqithi wave lokuqala iimbacu ukusuka emzantsi-mpuma Ukraine, apho ngeziqu axhobe umkhosi wamajoni abasemagunyeni Kiev imimandla Lugansk kunye IDonetsk.

Ngenxa kweenyanga ezimbalwa kamva baqala ukuqonda abantu balapha wokujoyina eCrimea eRashiya? Ukuphonononga ziye ohluke kakhulu. Umntu wanikela inimba panic ngenxa yezimo yezoqoqosho. Abanye baye bavuma ukuya endleleni ekhethiweyo ngokusebenzisa nayiphi na imiqobo. Ubomi batshintsha peninsula hayi kuzo zonke iindawo ukuba ngcono, kodwa Crimeans ubomi, onwabele utshintsho.

Siye asiguqukanga i cell phone amanani alithathwanga ngaphandle kwegazi le hryvnia, akazange ukufumana amacwecwe mvume entsha iimoto, kodwa yonke wendiza tricolor iiflegi.

Njengoko Crimeans wahlangana New 2015

Nokudliwa eCrimea eRashiya ngowe-2014 wongeza nobunzima kunye ezenzeke kubomi kwabantu bomthonyama. Le nkxalabo ebonakalisa ukuba kuphunza wasondela uNyaka oMtsha. Kule mizi, nalapha ngaphakatyhi ndinqumle umbane kunye namaxabiso zamanzi ukuvuka kwakunye kwemikrozo yeemoto, imisebenzi kodwa wadala, abaninzi kangaka kuya babhiyozela iiholide uNothozamile: akukho msebenzi - akukho mali.

Sele phantse ngonyaka, njengoko indawo ukulawula eCrimea ukuba eRashiya. Iimbono nangoku ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa apha khona uyakwazi angayiva incoko: ". Hayi, uNowa, baya kusinda"
Ngowe-2015, abantu iCrimea Walinda ndenze iinguqulelo, kodwa baye bafunda ukuba nomonde. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ngokutsho abaninzi kubo - ezolile, evumela ngaphandle kokoyika elizayo.

Russia emva nokudliwa eCrimea

Izazinzulu ezininzi zezopolitiko, abezoqoqosho, abarhwebi bacinga: Ukuvuma yaseRussia eCrimea kudla ilizwe lubiza kangaka ukuba iindleko ukuthenga emva usingasiqithi eUkraine. Izohlwayo, ezaba umqalisi we-United States, ngehlobo lowe-2014 waqalisa ukuba waziva kumsebenzi weenkampani Russian. Lakhelwe inkqubo yezimali zeli lizwe.

bade iinkampani ezinkulu kwanyanzeleka ukunciphisa inani imveliso ngokunxulumene noko kulindeleke kunye nokuncitshiswa kwabasebenzi, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ukunyuka ngqesho kwilizwe liphela.

I-US iye yaxhaswa uninzi lwamazwe EU. Zonke izohlwayo kwaqiniswa, eRashiya otyholwa umsebenzi eCrimea kunye noncedo esebenzayo umkhosi wamajoni of South-East of Ukraine. abasemagunyeni Kyïv umhlupha iingxelo malunga ubukho imikhosi rhoqo Russian endaweni yabo.

Europe kunye United States lifuna ikheswa kuqoqosho Russian kunye neemarike zemali ukuzisa phantsi, ukuba simenze badlale imithetho yabo. Kodwa ke imeko waphuma ulawulo, eli lizwe libe ally ebalulekileyo, uqoqosho uqalisa ukuba bayeke iimarike ezintsha.