Kulidzhanov Lev Aleksandrovich: engobomi, PIU, ubuzwe, ubomi yakho, iifoto

NgoFebruwari 2016 emva kweminyaka elishumi elinamine, ukuya mhla wafa Artist Abantu ngayo eSoviet Union Lev Kulidzhanov, ogama lengcwaba kwi umngcwabo e Kuntsevo ikomkhulu lizwe lethu.

Kuba ngaphezu semidesyatisemiletny eli thuba umlawuli umboniso yakwazi ukuhamba kakhulu nefuthe elininzi cinematography eSoviet kwaye Russian, kwakunye ebomini intlalo nenkcubeko kaRhulumente.

Childhood zezikolo iminyaka

Leo Kulidzhanov ogama ubuzwe in ezininzi iincwadi zesikhokelo, iintyilalwazi ubizwa ngokuba 'Russian ", wazalwa, nangona kunjalo, yintsapho Armenia kwikomkhulu Georgian.

umhla wakhe wokuzalwa kwiimpapasho ahlukeneyo zibonisa ngenye indlela: 19/08/1923 okanye 19/03/1924.

Bawo eyaziwa partsluzhaschego, wabanjwa kwi 37 nokwenzeka elandelayo akaziwa. UMama e efanayo ixesha zinganakwa, wathunyelwa enkampini.

Wayinyusa umlawuli Lev Kulidzhanov makhulu elizayo. Bonke abantwana nolutsha bayagqobhoza, bayangena ikomkhulu eGeorgia. Sekunjalo esikolweni wabonakalisa umdla ebonakalayo kwimisebenzi kumabala emidlalo. Ngaphandle ayenzi na umdlalo isikolo, xa wabandakanyeka njenge dramatist kunye nomlawuli, kunye weqonga.

iminyaka Early

Emva kokuphumelela ngo-1942, isikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, waba ngumfundi isebe sangokuhlwa Tbilisi State University, ngelixa wayesebenza oomatshini kwi-mveliso. Le nkampani useleganelwe kwimveliso kwimfazwe izixhobo.

Ebudeni bekhefu ukufunda kunye nokusebenza Leo Kulidzhanov bazibandakanya esikolweni elibambeleyo Georgian Goskinoproma. Apho wadibana udade naye, ngubani wafunda kwi VGIK ukuba umbhali. Wala ukuba asuswe kunye nabanye ofunda nabo e Kazakhstan sahlala kunye nezalamane eGeorgia.

uthando lwakhe le ndawo zabe incoko ezibangel 'umdla cinema kukhokelele kwinto yokuba Kulidzhanov Leo wagqiba ekubeni ngokuqinisekileyo abe ngumfundi owalathisa yesebe VGIK.

kufezeka iphupho

Xa ngowe-1943, i-Institute wabuyela eMoscow, waya esikolweni, ukunika Kulidzhanov ndithembisa ukuthumela i data ukuba kuyimfuneko ukwamkelwa kuMlawuli.

Ngeli xesha, uLwazi kwafuneka ukuba bashiye isityalo, ekubeni emva ukudumba lung emzimbeni wakhe waqalisa ukuphuhlisa iziko isifo sephepha. Voenkomatovskaya ibhodi zonyango wamfumana non-combatant.

Ngoncedo nezalamane ehlotyeni ka-1944, esi sifo ndakwazi ukuyeka uphuhliso amanxeba aqalisa ukuba amabala. Ngeli xesha Kulidzhanov Leo wafumana iimeko wathembisa bokwamkelwa kwisebe owalathisa VGIK, bayilungisa zonke izinto eziyimfuneko (package efanelekileyo iziqinisekiso, kwakunye nomsebenzi lokhuphiswano creative) wathumela kunye nesicelo kwikomiti yokhetho Institute.

umangalela VGIK

N. Fokin kanye wabhala incwadi "Lev Kulidzhanov. Ukuqonda lo msebenzi", iqhawe leyo kangaka ngokuxelela ngalo eli xesha.

Zonke izityholo kwenzeka phantsi kwesikhokelo uninakhulu Tamara, lowo ababoni le umzukulwana buzo. Ukwamkelwa umfundi elizayo ukhethiwe Pushkin kaThixo "Mchako Spades", yena ugogo rhoqo luloyiko isikhuzo Herman malunghana ixhegwazana.

Ubomi ngexesha lemfazwe kwaba kuhle amahlwempu. Umakhulu kwi iblukhwe ezifudumeleyo esitratweni, uboya ijezi ezinxulumene zithengwe. Zokulala kunye tyufyachka encinane oko exhotyiswe elukhukweni.

Ukususela utatomkhulu non-lomthonyama, mkhosi, ndafumana isiqwenga dzhinsovki kuyo zazenzelwe basekuhlaleni athungwe iblukhwe ngaphakathi ngaphandle izihlunu, kuba loo eziphathekayo entsha.

Umakhulu wamenywa ukuba athathe ne-apile ezithengiswayo, isiqingatha ebhegini. Wakholelwa ukuba kule ndlela iNgonyama uya kukwazi ukunyusa imali yokuqala.

Noko ke, ushishino wayengekho yimpumelelo, akukho mntu iziqhamo baze ekugqibeleni ke muncu.

Education VGIK

Leo wangena Kulidzhanov okokuqala, iimviwo ukuthatha olwenziwa Kozitsinym GM, ukuzuza ngomsonto entsha, nomlawuli we-Institute Kuleshov L. B.

Owaqala uqeqesho, isiqingatha-babulawa yindlala umfundi ohlala esibandayo dorm, waba wagula kakhulu yaye kwafuneka sibuyele emva eGeorgia. Ngeli xesha umama wafika evela enkampini.

Leo Kulidzhanov ubomi lobuqu itshintswa xa wadibana umfazi wakhe elizayo e Tbilisi Natalya Fokina, kunjalo wabandezeleka kakhulu ngenxa ukunxaxha ziko. Asoloko amathandabuzo amakhono abo omzimba, woyikela ukuba akanakuze akwazi ukubuyela.

Noko ke, 1948 yabalasela kukuba sakwazi ukuphinda-ukuqalisa izifundo zabo workshop vgikovskogo, eyayikhokelwa Gerasimov SA and Makarova TF Wagqibezela izifundo zakhe ngowe-1955.

Afunda khumbula izakhono zakhe ezibalaseleyo elibambeleyo. Gerasimov sasibizwa wamcela ukuba bapase iimviwo olongezelelweyo esina, becula, kunye nomlawuli ukufumana idiploma yesibini - olibambela.

Waphumelela lwesithembiso wala, becaphula yokuba yidiploma yesibini ayikho imfuneko. Akubuzwa isindululo esinjalo, Kakade ke, uthetha ukuba ngokwayo.

Ukufumana umsebenzi wokudala

Kulidzhanov Lev Aleksandrovich waqalisa bt umsebenzi wobugcisa ngowama-1955 mfutshane yaseChekhov kaThixo "Dame". Co-umbhali filmstrip waba Oganesyan

Okulandelayo, akhethe iqabane Kulidzhanov J. Segel, leyo kunyaka olandelayo yathathwa ukupeyinta "Kwaqala ngathi le nto ..." Amaqhawe bakhe boyisa yokuqala amazwe enyulu.

Emva konyaka, eli duo efanayo wadutyulwa film "Le ndlu uhlala apho," malunga pre-imfazwe nokwenzeka post-kwimfazwe abahlali lolunye lweentsapho eMoscow.

Ngelo xesha ixesha kwindawo cinematic baba fashion ngaxeshanye esisikhupheli, kubalulekile ukukhumbula Danelia kunye Talankina, Mironer kunye Hutsieva, Saltykov kunye MITT, Alova kunye Naumov.

Ngenxa bhanyabhanya yokuqala Kulidzhanov yaphakamisa miba hayi kuphela kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, kodwa uluntu ndilolonga ulwalamano kunye lobuqu, imifanekiso adalwe umntu oqhelekileyo ngamaxhala bakhe, iimvakalelo, kulindelekileyo.

Ukususela iskrini abaphulaphuli wasondela kufutshane, abantu ecacileyo, ubuntu unamandla, nokuba ithini na imeko yentlalo, ehambelana iimbono lombhali.

Kulidzhanov Lev Aleksandrovich, PIU

Ukususela ngo-1959, ukuqalela "Indlu kuYise", i-bhanya yaqala ukubonakala Kulidzhanov kakade.

Ngowe-1961, wayalela umsebenzi wakhe "Xa imithi emikhulu," apho kunye ithetha phandle, ukunyaniseka, lyricism, imfudumalo kunye ubuntu waxelela ngabantu ekuthiwa-kancinane.

Nkqu Nikulinskiy kunxila - Kuzma Jordanów - umbukeli ubona yobuntu, ebangela uvelwano lokwenene nothando.

IRibhoni "Ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye Ukohlwaya" yi Dostoevsky wambetha moviegoers imizwa yabo cinematic, series yayingumfuziselo ubonisa esibukhali kwaye ukhohlakele.

Ngokuba lo mfanekiso Kulidzhanov Lev Aleksandrovich, ogama engobomi ibandakanya kungekuphela nje onzima kodwa ixesha ukukhanya kakhulu, ngowe-1971 amakishwe Russian State Prize.

Ubunzima kwexesha Soviet

ubunzima obuthile kwafuneka ukuba boyise kumsebenzi ngumlawuli we obubhaliweyo "umzuzu Star" (iminyaka 1972-75) of vaakelani va Gagarin xa kulidzhanovskaya imizwa kunye ngamazwi xa ku vangama ka iziganeko zembali akazange afumane ukuqonda phakathi ubunkokheli nomenklatura ophetheyo ngokukhululekileyo kwinkqubela yelizwe eli lizwe.

Leo Kulidzhanov, PIU leyo ngobambana ngokwahlukana kwayo, wafuna ekubhekeni kwaye zinike umfanekiso kakhulu of the amaqhawe Soviet - ( ". UKarl Marx Iminyaka Early" episode, 1980) V. I. Leninu (ifilimu "Le Notebook iBlue," 1963.) Yaye Marx . Ngoxa imeko yokugqibela yabonwa ngowe-1982, i-uLenin Prize, ukuba igama ezimbini ezi umsebenzi wengcibi yokuluka kakhulu kunzima, umbhali kwafuneka kwingcinezelo "phezulu" ukuzibandakanya kwindawo idealization yamanani antsonkothileyo yezopolitiko kunye nembali.

Umlawuli film ophelileyo "Musa ukoyika kufa", ezifotwe 1991, yaye "Tinkerbell" ngo-1994.

imisebenzi yangaphandle

Kude ekupheleni kwemihla yakhe Kulidzhanov Leo wenza lukhulu kumsebenzi karhulumente kunye yolawulo.

Ngowe-1962, uMnu wajoyina i-Communist Party. Ngowe-1963-64 koko wabubhekisa loMlawuli bhanya yokuluka kwi Union kwiKomiti State Cinematography.

1964 - Usihlalo Organising Committee bhanya ye kwilizwe Union. Le nkongolo lokuqala amanani cinematic kunyulwa kwisikhundla sokuba ngumlawuli we kuNobhala yokuqala yeBhodi ye-Union. Isithuba wayebambe babengekaze kweminyaka engama-23.
iminyaka 1986-89 - umlawuli bezobugcisa ibonwe "20 Century".

Ukususela ngowe-1976 Kulidzhanov wayenxiba kwisihloko Artist Abantu eSoviet Union, ukususela 1984 - Hero of Socialist Yabasebenzi. Yena waba uprofesa, esihambelanayo ilungu Academy of Arts of the German Democratic Republic, wakhonza njengelungu enye le CPSU Central Committee kunye omkhosi sesekela eSoviet Union, wakhokela Society for Relations Cultural "Mexico -. USSR"