Julayi 10 - Usuku uzuko zomkhosi!

Ekusuhi elikhulu ngokwenene, uSuku elingalibalekiyo Military Uzuko, elingcwele, uloyiso obuzukileyo kunye bubunzima iingalo Russian kwi kwidabi Poltava 10 Julayi 1709. Oko kwaba kudala. AS Pushkin wanikezela enye okungcono kwimibongo emfazweni, eyaba yalitshintsha yembali ezilandelayo lonke ilizwe lethu. iminyaka elithoba yathatha imfazwe North yindinisa ukuba ubukhulu kuLwandle lweBaltic. Iminyaka emithandathu kwakukho Wayixakaxa ngo-1703, unyaka "window eYurophu" - Petersburg. Kakhulu ngalo mzuzu ehlabathini yomkhosi Charles XII, isemanzini okwexeshana oyisa Poland, singazendiseli isixeko lunwenwe kwi Neva balwa kulo nyaka sele yalahleka, yaye Yamburg, kunye Koporje kunye Tartu kunye Narva. Kwanele ukuba namanwele banxanelwe ukuziphindezela. A abatsha tsar Russian transfer ngokuthe ngcembe amanyathelo emkhosini kummandla Poland (Rzeczpospolita), ukuba inyathelo ngenyathelo kwakhokelela edabini omkhulu Russian, ummandla utshaba zifakwe ubudala ubudala. Khumbula ukuba mazwe omabini Karelia kunye Izhora bezisoloko banawo eRashiya. Ukongeza, kwi Ukraine waqola ukungcatshwa: Hetman Mazepa wenza umfelandawonye nenkosi Swedish, nokuba nokubethelela umkhosi Charles voynolyubivym Cossacks. Nangona kunjalo, i Cossacks ukukhohliswa ixesha elide, babuyele phantsi kwebhanile lwe tsar Russian. Kwaye ngoku esalele edabini.

Amagunya jikelele yomkhosi Swedish liqulethe iiyunithi amawaka 11 abakhwele kunye 15,000 elihamba, 41 umpu zokudubula wajika waya imikhosi Russian, yaye kuphela isibini kumawaka icala Charles Cossacks ngasekhohlo, kweli dabi Poltava inxaxheba phantse akazange athathe. Kodwa kula manqanaba ezi nabaphumi-mkhosi Russian walwa 87 ithathele nomkhosi (amadoda 37,000), 23.700 owamahashe, 8,000 Cossacks! Kwaye 102 guns kwathunyelwa ukufa kwi ezintlwini yotshaba. A genius ngubani bakwazi ukuhlela ibonwe ababephila edabini waza wanikela Russian Day of Military Glory phambi kwakho.

Peter I, kuthiwa Enkulu, ophumelele Idabi Poltava, ndenza ngako konke ukuqinisekisa ukuba Sweden asiyo ngamandla amakhulu, ngokunika kwayo uzuko Russia.

idabi balwa yaqala ngo 2 ekuseni. Luvo. Sagqiba sekufika. Sayithimba ezimbini zokuqala redoubts ezilishumi de Russian evuka, bahlangana. xa waqalisa ubumnandi leyo. Military Day Glory akayi ukusekwa nje ukuba kuzalwe imali yakhe. Ngaphezulu kwe-9000 abo balwa babulawa, ngaphezulu kwama-3 amawaka kuthinjwa. In Russian kangako, kodwa kakhulu kakhulu, kwaye obungathethekiyo buhlungu phantse amakhulu elinesihlanu abafana balahleka kwathi abangaphezu kwama namawaka amathathu balimala.

Emva imizamo ukuze abambe bonke ubusuku redoubts longitudinal Russian ukukhusela elihamba ukusuka ukudubula ebulalayo, kwi-9 ekuseni, balwa wakha yokutyiwa zomkhosi wakhe ukuba ngesibetho isigqibo. malunga Russian wakha. Wall ukuba kodonga. Okokuqala kukho kokudutyulwa idabi, ngoko melee. I balwa ngokubetha umgudu wokugqibela, ngeenkani kwaye uyala ngendelelo. Nkqu waphula ephangweni yethu ngasekhohlo. Tsar uPetros wakubona eli xesha kwaye phambi nomkhosi i Novgorod webutho, batsiba phakathi kokulwa edabini. Kunokwenzeka njani ukuba ukuphumelela phantsi kweemeko ezinjalo?! Ukumkani akazange ukhaliphe kuphela, kodwa ke lowo wengcibi yokuluka. Onxibe ya, mlilo okunongwe kwi imilo yamajoni abaselula. Ngoxa ezimpahleni ukuyixelela yonke into malunga wasemzini epheleleyo. Kwaye Karl XII ingakumbi wayezazi kakuhle ngayo iifayile yesinxibo kwelinye icala. Ndiyavuya ukubona elalisandul kufunyanwe abanye baphosa abantu akwenza, ndafika ikhona. Balwa yaqala yonke anda womelele kwaye bayingqonga emihlubulweni. Ewe, kwaye labhabha ngqo kwi undoqo wenqwelwana yokumkani Swedish. Lo mkhosi abatyhafileyo, Zaporozhye Cossacks waphinda ngabo - zonke ngenkwenkwezi inkampu novulelweyo kwicala lumbi. ababuleweyo Carl, wayalela ukuba kuma ku iincopho babewela wabonakala umkhosi wazama ukuqokelela kunye. Kodwa kakhulu emva kwexesha. Umkhosi yaseSweden yathi yophiswa mhlophe, eRashiya kwabakho imini enye ngaphezulu uzuko emkhosini.

Ekuqaleni myuziyam-Reserve kwabunjwa zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini kwi kwisiza Battle of Poltava. Namhlanje i-National Museum-Reserve "Field of Poltava Battle", imemori ophilayo yezizukulwana umsebenzi. Days of Military Glory zibakho minyaka yonke, iindwendwe kulo myezo yi imyuziyam, ezikhumbuzo kuPetros I, amajoni Russian kunye Swedish, zixhobisa indawo apho nkampu uPetros mna, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi. Wokuwonga elaa bicentenary ye Idabi Poltava imbasa zokubhiyizela yasekwa. Usuku of Battle of Poltava abamkhumbulanga kuphela ngomhla uzuko emkhosini, yaye hayi kuphela eRashiya. Ukongeza imigca omhle kumbongo Pushkin kaThixo "Poltava", kukho efundekayo kakhulu inoveli O. Kudrin nonconformist mihla evela Ukraine, nangona ibali inoveli yakhe wafaka enye kakhulu. Malunga neli xesha wadala bhanyabhanya ezininzi, opera "Mazeppa" kwaye Swedish power metal enzima band Sabaton ucula ingoma malunga Battle of Poltava.