Jaroslav Smelyakov (January 8, 1913 - November 27, 1972). Ubomi Works of Imbongi Soviet

Smelyakov Yaroslav Vasilevich wazalwa ngo January 8, 1913 (ngoDisemba 26, 1912 Old Style) kwisixeko Lutsk, ummandla Volyn, Ukraine.

Uyise babesebenza umlinganisi kaloliwe. Unina waba agaye yaye wamnyamekela abantwana (abathathu kubo kwiintsapho zabo).

Esakhula

Xa Yaroslav malunga nonyaka, leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Kule nkalo, le ntsapho kwanyanzeleka ukuba bahlala nezihlobo kule lali. Bahlala ixesha elide. Emva kwexesha elithile, le ntsapho yahlala Voronezh, apho wahlala ukuphila ngokuvisisana ekuqaleni elishumi ezayo.

Smelyakov uyise wafa kusasa, xa Yaroslav wayeneminyaka elishumi elinanye kuphela ubudala.

Kwangaxeshanye, imbongi elizayo iya yesikolo kunyaka-esixhenxe e Moscow, apho Ulohlalisa umkhuluwa kunye nodadewabo.

Yi banesifo yokuqala Jaroslav akugqiba esikolweni nge-ofisi yezabasebenzi ufumana udluliselwe PFZSH ( "Factory Printing School") uLenin.

Yaba yena wadlala indima enkulu kakhulu ekubumbeni ikamva kwetalente. Smelyakov kukhafula yoshicilelo liyaphila.

Ngenxa compositor, imbongi ndinelunda kakhulu ukuba imisebenzi yakhe ayithandayo - umsebenzi kunye nomsebenzi - ezinxulumeneyo.

Ukuqala ngendlela yokudala

Ukupapashwa imisebenzi yokuqala yabanjwa akanye nabo - Vsevolodu Iordanskomu. Kwathiwa ke kwakhuthaza Smelyakov ukuba wathabatha umsebenzi wakhe magazini "Growth".

Noko ke, baya kungena ukuyakha indlu epapasha, Jaroslav Smelyakov ugalelwe ucango ofisi ngempazamo wanika imibongo ukuya ehloniphekileyo ngakumbi kwaye kakhulu "Oktobha", apho ngelo xesha kwakuxhaphakile phakathi kwabantu abatsha.

Iziqhamo zomsebenzi wakhe wekomiti bokuceba zona ezivunyiweyo kalindixesha.

Ngowe-1932-1933 Yaroslav Smelyakov ukhupha iingqokelela yayo yokuqala, "Umsebenzi Nothando" yaye "Imihobe"

Noko ke, ixesha elithile kamva, yena kunye nenani kwezinye iimbongi (Pavel Vasilyev, Boris Kornilov), ube lixhoba kwesiqalekiso ubuxoki, nto leyo eqhelekileyo ukuba elo xesha, yaba isizathu ukubanjwa nangoko ngaphandle kwetyala. Yho, emagxeni abo, ibiza Jaroslav Smelyakov ayikwazanga kuphela ngo-1937. Emva koko wakhululwa kwangoko.

Kude kube imfazwe, imbongi wayesebenza kule ofisi abavakalisi ezahlukeneyo umsebenzi intatheli, wabhala satires kunye namanqaku.

Ngeli xesha wayebhala umjikelo "imibongo iCrimea", epapashwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwiimpapasho abadumileyo: "Literaturnaya Gazeta", "Young Guard", "Red Virgin lomhlaba", njl

IMfazwe Enkulu Yobuzwe

Ukuqhambuka imfazwe Jaroslav Smelyakov wadibana wabacimi legkostrelkovoy zesiqhelo yesibini North kwaye i Karelian Front.

NgoNovemba 1941, ndandisoloko ndihleli, yena, ngathi uninzi lwamajoni bakhe, ingena ekuthinjweni Finnish, apho kwiminyaka emithathu ezayo umsebenzi umva-ligqobha indlu yenkosi elingenanceba.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ngoxa kwesi sikhundla, Smelyakov ngokuhlakanipha wafihla ubume yendalo ngelo xesha sele kukho imbongi odumileyo Russian.

Emva ekhaya imbongi ayikwazanga kuphela ngowe-1944, xa ngenxa ye ukuxolelana kunye Finland laphakanyiswa utshintshiselwano amabanjwa.

Smelyakov walindela bayahlelwa phantse onke amabanjwa akhululwa yiSoviet - yena wathunyelwa kwinkampu kwi "ucoco".

Kukho imibono ezininzi apho kwakukho Smelyakov ngeli thuba. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba wayesebenza kumgodi wamalahle kufuphi Moscow, kodwa kukho ulwazi malunga ekufikeni kwakhe kwidolophu industrial Stalinogorsk (ngoku - Novomoskovsk) kummandla Tula.

Le minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe

Emva kweminyaka embalwa Imbongi entolongweni awayihlangula lomhlobo wakhe olungileyo uKonstantin Simonov, ngubani ngokoqobo alitsale umzalwana evela zisabonakala.

Ngowe-1948 wapapasha ingqokelela lokuqala post-imfazwe Smelyakov "yesicelo wadla", kuquka imibongo iminyaka yemfazwe.

Kodwa imbongi asihlali xesha lide eyekelelwayo. Sele ngowe-1951 wabhala Ukulahla angayaziyo egcinwe endlwini Smelyakov kwetafile-ntetho.

Kwi imbongi ebekwe ibala kwinqaku 58 soMthetho i-Criminal Code of eSoviet Union, ngokoko athe ukuba ufanele ohlwaywe ngohlobo seminyaka engamashumi amabini anesihlanu kule nkampu.

Ngaloo ndlela Smelyakov akwazi ukuhlangabezana Arctic. ubomi Camp kuphazamisa kwimpilo wembongi.

Ngowe-1956 kwenzeka "Stalinization" phantsi kwazo amabanjwa amaninzi okuxolela. Ukuze inkululeko wakhululwa kunye Jaroslav Smelyakov. Ngoko ke, kude kube sekuphelisweni kwephakade yobomi akhumbule imihla "kwi cap breech kunye ertyisi ibhatyi enkampini."

Yonke iminyaka elandelayo yobomi bakhe wayitshabalalisa umsebenzi wokubhala.

Ngeli xesha imbongi yawongwa iimbasa ezintathu, kwakunye Prize State of the USSR ngo-1967 no 1968.

Smelyakov wafa November 27, 1972 ningcwatywe kwi Novodevichem kumangcwaba eMoscow.

impilo Personal

I inoveli yokuqala yimbongi ukuba kwenzeke kwiminyaka engama-30. Elidityaniswe kunye negama imbongi Margarity Aliger (umfanekiso wakhe zinikiwe apha ngezantsi, esithathwe phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-70), nto leyo kunye Smelyakov waya club zoncwadi.

indawo umdla kule inoveli khonkcweni elinikiweyo Smelyakov yimbongi.

Ngokutsho Aliger xa imbongi kwenzeka into embi, baphulukana ngomsesane. Ngokomzekelo, kwenzeka ntoni xa Smelyakov wabetha banjwa eFinland.

Nge Evdokia Vasilevna adibana emva kwemfazwe. Waba libhinqa lokuqala nabo yena watshata Jaroslav Smelyakov. Imbongi Evdokia babehlala kunye kangangeminyaka emibini: Smelyakov umtshato nomfazi wakhe ukuba amkhusele kwimpindezelo ukukuqonda. Ukusuka lo mtshato unyana ka wembongi.

Usapho yesibini, wadala Smelyakov, yaba sonwabe ngakumbi. Eli xesha, okhethiweyo yaba umguquli yembongi Tatiana Streshneva.

Imbongi Jaroslav Smelyakov, ogama engobomi waqhutyelwa kweli nqaku, eli imbongi abanetalente ngokwenene, "uluhlu inkosi wo fanekisela", isabelo apho lehla iziqephu ngokwenene enzima eyoyikekayo imbali yethu.