Izixhobo ze-injini yokutsha yangaphakathi: ukusebenza

Phantse zonke iimoto mihla njenge injini isixhobo lwamandla kusetyenziswa yokuvutha kwangaphakathi. Okwehlileyo - injini yokutsha lwangaphakathi. Kukwakho yombane, kodwa kweli nqaku siza kujonga injini yokutsha lwangaphakathi.

Yintoni sisiseko iinjini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi? Phantsi impembelelo yengcinezelo esisi piston edakasa njengesilinda. Irhasi benziwa ngexesha ukutshiswa amafutha nabuganga apho siya kuqhubeka kubiza umxube yokusebenza. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba amafutha oku akwenzeki combusted ngokwawo, kunye umphunga zayo oxutywe nomoya. Le umxube ukusebenza engines yokuvutha kwangaphakathi. Ukuba kuzitshisa ngomlilo, ngoko ke ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukwandisa umthamo, kunokutshiseka. Xa azicenge iza kudala uxinzelelo ngokushukumisa piston. injini izixhobo yokutsha yokuba malunga zonke iilitha ezilishumi izibaso ezisetyenzisiweyo ezimbini kuphela. Ezinye inkunkuma atshiswe. Oko kukuthi, ukusebenza imalunga amabini ekhulwini.

DIC, asetyenziswa iimoto, kuba kukho ixesha kunye igeza indlela, kwakunye neenkqubo ucinezelo, amandla, ukupholisa, zeemoto-irhasi ekwenzeni ukuthambisa ajikeleze. ICE Luquka ezi ndima zilandelayo: iisilinda, intloko cylinder (intloko akwitankana lifinyele), Pistons, piston nezikhonkwane nemisesane, iintonga izihlanganisi, crankshaft, flywheel, nesibili apho unikezelo cams, yintlantsi iiplagi kunye lwezivalo.

omlilo yangaphakathi izixhobo injini

Kungcono ukuqwalasela siseko injini yokutsha yangaphakathi xa umzekelo omnye-njengesilinda ipetroli injini. Le ICE iquka cylinder zinomphezulu esipilini yangaphakathi. Kuye entloko ziqinisiwe. Xa lombhobho yi piston kokuba imilo zezindlu. It has a emseleni. Abafake amakhonkco piston, eziyimfuneko ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthembeka isithuba. Ukongezelela, musa ukuvumela ukuvuza oyile kwisithuba ngaphezu piston. Oko kukuthi, ezi Amakhonkco kwezimvu kwaye kweentlobo ezimbini: oli ize kunye ucinezelo.

Phantse zonke iimoto mali yee-uluhlu abhekise-cylinder ezine. Noko ke, kukho injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi kunye umthamo omkhulu. Okuya uba mkhulu umsantsa umthamo injini yokutsha lwangaphakathi, ngoko ke amafutha enamandla ngakumbi nangakumbi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, imoto injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi ukusebenza ngomjikelo ezine stroke. Wenza piston stroke ezine okanye neziphithiphithi ezimbini crankshaft. Yiloo nto ke umgaqo umsebenzi injini-stroke ezine ukho kule mijikelo zilandelayo: inani, ucinezelo, ukutsha kunye zeemoto.

stroke eyanele: i owongozelelweyo nge isivalo evuliwe yokuvutha kwangaphakathi injini ebegqwese igcwaliswe ngomxube enokutsha kude kube lelo xesha njengesisaza nentshukumo phantsi le piston iya kuninqabela. Kuba okokuqala kunye crankshaft ujikeleza ngesiqingatha ithuba.

Ucinezelo ngesibetho; emva umxube enokutsha kugalelwe igesi iintsalela ivalve nesivalo ezivaliweyo ugwebu, oko ezinokutsha. Piston iqala intshukumo phezulu kwaye utyhala mxube yokusebenza entloko njengesilinda.

Stroke Umjikelo: amandla ubushushu iguqulelwa amandla. Yengcinezelo iigesi leyo ukwandisa, ithe yadluliselwa piston. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, uqala ukusebenza kwayo phantsi. Zombini valve zivaliwe. Kakhulu falling xi lombhobho, lo piston ihambisa phantsi, lo crankshaft uqala ku gqiba nge intonga kokuxhuma. stroke wesithathu ebaluleke kakhulu. Bonke abanye - abangabancedani.

Exhaust ngesibetho; ivelufa umthombo evulekileyo, ugwebu luvalwe. Le piston utyhala iintsalela zegesi zeemoto, ngalo kwinkqubo zeemoto kwi-atmosfera.

Zeziphi iintlobo iinjini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi

Okwangoku, kukho idizili, ipetroli, idizili igesi, kunye negesi rotary-piston injini. Kwakhona, ukuba kwahlulwa ngohlobo amafutha, eli lungiselelo kunye nenani iisilinda kunye indlela yokwenza umxube ukusebenza. Internal izixhobo yokutsha injini kwizithuthi abadala kunika inani ezingalunganga: ingxolo olukhulu, imilinganiselo kunye nobunzima.