Izagwityi Ukusuka Ekhaya Farm

UDC 636.5 / .6

Izagwityi kuloo fama ekhaya.

Iinkuku, amarhanisi, amadada, iikalakuni - abemi emveli iinkukhu-eyadini, kodwa iinkwali, iintaka Guinea kunye ezingasemva izagwityi yaqala ukubonakala kakhulu kutshanje, kodwa ngokwemiqathango eluncedo lwezoqoqosho umdla kakhulu.

Izagwityi - i omncinane kunye emuncu Iinkuku pheasant usapho lenkukhu. Lula yesondlo nokondliwa likuvumela ukuba uhlale nabo esixekweni nakwiindawo ezisemaphandleni. Inikezele amaqanda 300 ngonyaka. A ukutya unique kunye neempawu yokutya ivumela phantse wonke umntu adle amaqanda izagwityi kunye nenyama ngaphandle kwemiqathango.

iimpawu zendalo nezoqoqosho, ngenxa ekufuneka ukukhulisa izagwityi:

• ukuba zezona kom zeenkukhu iqala ukukuthwala ukusuka kwiintsuku ezingama-40 ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-2 ubudala, sele intaka kakhulu abaqolileyo ukuba kungashiywa ukufumana amaqanda, okanye sebenzisa i inyama;
• izagwityi nabalulamileyo, xa cm ehokweni 50x95x35 nga ukubamba-avareji iinjongo 50 lwezagwityi ngosuku kufuneka-20 - 25 g yomxhesho, oko kukuthi, iinyanga ezimbini - .. ku-1.5 kg, kunye neendleko zabasebenzi bancipha lokondla ngemihla, ukutshintsha amanzi, ukucocwa indawo aqokelele amaqanda. Ummiselo yi iintaka 70-80 1 sq.m. nganye
• izagwityi zinikwe abagulayo kwaye ngaphandle kogonyo. Abaqiniseki basengozini izifo ezininzi ezosulelayo ezendeleyo ezinye chicken elenziwa amaqanda izagwityi edliwayo ekrwada, ufumane uluhlu olupheleleyo izondlo ngaphandle kwelahleko ngexesha unyango ubushushu. Olu phawu ikuvumela ukuba ukufumana iimveliso imvelo, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa zokugonya kunye ntsholongwane.

Ummandla lwezagwityi lasendle ligubungela phantse lonke Old yeHlabathi. Kwaye kuyo yonke indawo, le ntaka na into ukuzingela kwezemidlalo. Waziwa ngoku zenyathi ezintandathu, eziya kwahluka kancinci ubungakanani kunye nombala, izagwityi zixhaphakileyo zesiqhelo. Nest kwayo eYurophu, eMntla Afrika Asia, kunye ntolovelo Central Afrika kunye nakumazantsi Asia, apho wachitha iinyanga 7-8 ngonyaka. It uhlala phezu amathafa ezintabeni. Oku indlwane phezu komhlaba. Ekubekeni amaqanda 9-15, apho imazi liwaqandusele iintsuku 15-17. Yokudla isebenzisa ikakhulu imbewu, namaqhina kunye namasebe, maxa wambi izinambuzane.

Kumzantsi Ukraine, North Caucasus kunye Central Asia ngexesha ekwindla nokuzingelwa iintaka abeza izagwityi eqhelekileyo phambi kokuba abalobi, iintaka kunye ityuwa ngenxa imiphanda ukusetyenziswa kwixesha elizayo. Catch lilonke ukuwa kwi kuLwandle Black esikunxweme eCaucasus yafikelela iziqwenga amawaka aliqela. E Central Asia neCaucasus nangoku lokuzingela ngokubanzi abaqeqeshiweyo ngokukodwa nondlunkulu bethengisa.

izichumiso yemichiza zinambuzane ezisetyenziswa emasimini kwakunye ukubamba abaninzi, kwakhokelela ekwehleni okukhulu inani izagwityi ngalo mzuzu.

Ukufuywa izagwityi yaqala malunga iwaka leminyaka eyadlulayo eJapan, kodwa iminyaka malunga nekhulu kuphela eyadlulayo, baza baqalisa ukuba kusetyenziswa kwishishini leenkuku ukuvelisa amaqanda kunye nenyama. umthamo Kanye efakwe labantu basetyhini kunyaka-ngeenxa zonke izagwityi iqanda ngokubekwa waqalisa ukuzala intaka ukwandisa imveliso iqanda. amazwe amaninzi aye kumisa umthamo ulawulo 700-800 lamawaka. Imizimba kunye amashumi ambalwa yezigidi. Amaqanda ngonyaka ngamnye. Ngenxa imigca lokuzalanisa ethatyathwe kwamaqanda, leyo yasasazeka kumazwe amaninzi. E China, imveliso kwama-25 ezigidi. Yonyaka iintloko izagwityi.

In Russia Perepelovodstvo waqalisa ukuphuhlisa emva kwexesha - ukususela-1964, xa lo Mboniso ka yeHlabathi kwimveliso iinkukhu kunye neenkukhu Esalingwayo ifama kwaziswa VNIIPP 27 izagwityi. Kamva, waseJapan wazisa esinye iinyanga izagwityi 1,000 ubudala. Yiloo nto ke izagwityi yasekhaya mihla - inzala ngqo yaseJapan. Ngelishwa, kwi 60s, izazinzulu andifumananga inzuzo kuthelekiswa nezikhukukazi izagwityi. Kodwa enyanisweni, izagwityi sibe bendisoloko kwafuneka ukuchuma kwabo. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, ukuba ubanjwe emahlathini Kursk, Orel, Tula, Tambov kunye eKharkov amaphondo. Bhabha izagwityi akulunganga kakhulu, ikakhulu ukubaleka. We ababamba bantu eziliqela. Uninzi ngokufanele yayingulowo banokumxelisa kakuhle evuka kwazisathetha iintaka, kwaye iintaka benza kwi network.

Okwangoku, itotali yesayizi yemakethi kwamaqanda izagwityi eRashiya iqikelelwa kwi-145 yezigidi. PC. ngonyaka, inyama izagwityi malunga 600 eetoni ngonyaka ngamnye. Bangaphezu kwama-70% yentengiso kuza bevela kwizixeko ezikhulu. Kwi kwiidolophu ezincinane neendawo ezisemaphandleni akhawunti kuba ngaphantsi kwe-10%. Xa kuthelekiswa inani umthamo lemarike yabemi amaqanda izagwityi eRashiya imalunga 20 amaxesha ngaphantsi eJapan.

A banomdla kule izagwityi eRashiya wabonakala kulwazi ongasemva kwi ixabiso amaqanda abo nokuvuselelwa kubantu abachatshazelwa yi sesichengeni sosasazeko lwemitha emva iChernobyl kwentlekele. Amava ukusebenzisa kwabo kwachazwa lowu "Ogonyok." Kohola ezibhalwe umdla ukuzinza kwizigulane, yokuduka lidiniwe neentlungu entliziyweni, kwanciphisa izikhalazo nesiyezi kunye nokopha. Ngaphezu koko, egazini koonyana iqela uvavanyo anda isiqulatho ihemoglobin, yaye yande ubunzima. oogqirha sigwebo nantsi: ukuqaphela amaqanda izagwityi imveliso ezixabisekileyo yokutya nokucebisa ngenxa impatho yabantu baboniswa radiation eqhumayo.

wabangela ukuba ishishini efunyenwe ngokunxulumene projekthi kazwelonke yophuhliso lwecandelo lezolimo, nto leyo yatsala ingqalelo ngoosomashishini kweli shishini.

Ngoku iimveliso perepelovodstva kufundisa zonke iindidi abavelisi bezolimo, abaphuma kwiifama iinkuku enkulu kunye namafama kumakhaya zabucala. Inkokeli ngokupheleleyo kwi imveliso na ummandla Voronezh, apho iifama ezintathu iinkukhu baphethe isiqingatha amandla lizwe. amandla eziPhezulu, Krasnodar, aseStavropol, Rostov, Samara kunye ummandla Bryansk, kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Perepelovodstva abathengi rhoqo iimveliso amaqela ekujoliswe ezininzi:

• sebenzisa ngenxa yezizathu zonyango. benawo ezizodwa neempawu okunesondlo, kunye nokufumaneka nokwanda kukhokelele ekwandeni kakhulu ingxenye;

• usana ukutya. Ingxenye waqala ukuphuhlisa kwi-90 sizoku lwisana iimpapasho ezininzi malunga eluncedo ezizodwa yamaqanda izagwityi. Kube negalelo koku nento yokuba iimveliso perepelovodstva azakubalulwa kukungabikho negazi kunye neempawu diathesis ebantwaneni, kwakunye digestibility elungileyo;

• ukutya okunempilo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha yakutshanje, ugxininiso kwi yokuphila esempilweni kweli lizwe, njengoko kumazwe amaninzi aphuhlileyo, omnye isiqalelo yazo ukutya okunempilo.

amaqanda izagwityi eve yenkukhu. Kukholelwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwazo rhoqo kusasa phambi kokuba ityiwe ekrwada ukunyuka amandla, kunye namazinga ukusetyenziswa iinyanga 2-3 kuphucula imeko yabantu ophila nesi sifo, isifo sephepha kunye nezifo yenkqubo sentliziyo. amaqanda izagwityi, ngokungafaniyo amaqanda zezinye kwiintaka, ngaphantsi cholesterol simahla, kwaye ngoko ke kucetyiswa ukuba abadala. Xa kuthelekiswa iinkukhu, amaqanda izagwityi eziqulathwe izihlandlo ezi-5 ngaphezulu potassium intsimbi izihlandlo 4.5, amaxesha 2.5 kunye neevithamini V² H¹, kwakunye ubeka imali ebonakalayo vitamin A, phosphorus, ayibe, kwaye nicotinic acid. amaqanda Izagwityi zibaluleke kakhulu, kwaye protein. amaqanda izagwityi Ixabiso eliphezulu lesondlo ukungondleki nako ngenxa ezinomthamo ebonakalayo ezahlukeneyo amafutha kunye neevithamini fat-ezinyibilikayo kwi kangangoko ukwenzela ukusebenza.

inyama izagwityi na isisa ezahlukeneyo, isongo kunye juiciness. Xa incasa kunye imichiza ukwakhiwa kwayo, kwakunye amaqanda, obizwa ngokuba imveliso exabisekileyo benawo delicatessen. Izagwityi inyama kuhla bhetele kunye nenkukhu yehagu kunye yenkomo iivithamini etyebile (A, H¹, V²), ukulandela izinto (intsimbi, potassium, ayibe nobhedu), kunye acids kubalulekile acid.

Khetha ...

Okwangoku, ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezimbalwa lwezagwityi ethatyathwe: nezemarmore, uFaro British izagwityi abamnyama nabamhlophe, kunye ngxilimbela ezahlukeneyo iminqamlezo ezo iintlobo. Le International Incwadi yokubhalisa iintlobo izagwityi kunye imigca abhalwe iintlobo ezintandathu: amhlophe namnyama IsiNgesi, Australian emthubi-brown, lwesiManchu yegolide, smokingovaya kunye uFaro kunye nemigca ezahlukeneyo 60. Yonke, ngaphandle amatakane kuFaro, leyo ebhekisela yenkomo, kusetyenziswa ukuvelisa amaqanda.

Izagwityi yesiqhelo (zasendle) - ntaka incinane gallinaceous kunye ubude umzimba 16-20 cm, zalishumi ukusuka g nemazi amantshontsho 80 ukuya 150 ukuqanduselwa kunye yeziphumo 17- 20 iintsuku. Emva omiswe, amantshontsho nangoko baqale zicholachole feed kwaye ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, elusukwini 40 kwiintaka abadala babe iintsiba kunye uzame ukubhabha. Ke kulula azalela kwendlu, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iqela leengcebiso. Kulo nyaka, ngaphandle yoo-ehlotyeni, ukutya kufuneka ithathe ukutya izityalo ngohlobo imifuno ezimanzi, iimbewu zengca ezahlukeneyo; zasehlotyeni iintaka ngenkuthalo Zitya nezinambuzane saselwandle esineqokobhe kukuninzi. Kwimeko umxholo yeselula ukuba nabalulamileyo kodwa ngamagwala kakhulu into efanele ukuqwalaselwa xa ukhetha ehokweni; okanye ngomthi ebuhlanti okanye ebuhlanti phezulu yenziwe ngelaphu okanye mesh zeplastiki. Xa iseli kwi yetreyi wafefa ecocekileyo, kakuhle ezomisiweyo isanti komlambo, nto leyo esetyenziselwa yome ukungcola intaka ehlamba. Ngogesi kunye waterers amanzi ibekwe ngaphandle ageza amantshontsho entlabathini musa ucingo ifidi namanzi.

Ukongeza izagwityi eqhelekileyo (ekwabizwa ngokuba yaseYurophu) kwi kummandla Russia ohlala izidenge, okanye Japanese izagwityi, nto leyo ixhaphake e Korea, kumantla eTshayina, kunye Japan. Of Japanese izagwityi lokuvelisa kunye namatye esisiseko zathathwa. Iinkunzi ubunzima 110 ukuya kwi-120 g, iimazi avareji 138 g phambili, kwezinye iimeko ukuya ku-150, iklatshi iqalisiwe eneminyaka iintsuku 40-60 kunye nonyaka nga ukuthwala ukuya amaqanda 300 okanye ngaphezulu. I-avareji ubunzima 9-11 grams yamaqanda. Ukungafuni ukuba urhulumente yamabanjwa kwaye abanganyangekiyo iqela izifo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oko siyakhuthazeka izagwityi Japanese.

kubangela izagwityi uFaro kuba kwiqela kubangela inyama, noboya bayo umbala iyafana naleyo izagwityi Japanese. iimazi Weight avareji 235 g phambili, iqela ukusuka 160 ukuya 310g, kanti amaduna nobunzima ukusuka 160 ukuya 260, iimazi baqala amaqanda xa iintsuku 40-50, kunye nonyaka amaqanda 220, kunye ubunzima grams-12 ukuya kwi-18. Oku izagwityi uhlobo ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izagwityi broiler, iintsuku ezingama-45 ubudala, ukuba bakwazi ukufikelela ubunzima bawo 150-180 g

izagwityi Japanese, ngokungafaniyo iintlobo ezininzi, angalahlekelwa iimpawu, ngaphantsi ahlekisayo kwiimeko bafukanywe nokondla. imveliso yawo ubunzima kunye iqanda ayikho njengoko zancitshiswa kakhulu ngenxa yokungabikho iiprothini ekutyeni. Ukongeza, thermophilic Japanese ngaphantsi anigqibele ukutya ngaphantsi ngeyunithi nganye.

Kwi umbono kwi izagwityi yasekhaya zitshintshile ngaphantsi kwe namanye amalungu ngokomyalelo lenkukhu. Utshintsho kwimveliso iqanda ubunzima - izagwityi abe ubunzima bawo ukuya kutsho kuma-30% iintlobo ucaca ngakumbi inyama, iqanda yesimathane inzima nge-46% ngaphezu koko yeMinyanya zasendle. Kodwa baye balahlekelwa ukukwazi ukubhabha, baphulukana isazela yokwakha kunye ekufukameni amaqanda, musa uhlanganise imihlambi emva kokuzala, kwaye okona kubalulekileyo - baphulukana ikhefu labo ebusika kumsebenzi ngesondo.

Umxholo lwezagwityi.

Phambi kokuba uqale izagwityi kufuneka uqale yokulungiselela ndawo, khetshi kunye nezixhobo. Yenkukhu ingagcinwa emgangathweni okanye iiseli, kodwa igumbi kufuneka ube owomileyo, nobubele, eqaqambileyo kwaye zicocekile. Ecetywayo Uyilo ezahlukeneyo zezindlu izagwityi zeenkukhu emileyo idlelo, kodwa musa ayahlukanga coops chicken ngokwesiseko eqhelekileyo. Kodwa kukho ezinye bokuqonda ekufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo:

Ngaphakathi kwigumbi kungabikho nzima ukufikelela iindawo, ngenxa izagwityi, izilwanyana ingakumbi ulutsha, uthando ukuba ekhandiweyo kuzo zonke iintlobo lwamathanda kunye nezinye iindawo wodwa. Isilingi ngezantsi 2 m akufuneki, izagwityi kudla uyenyuka ngesantya esiphezulu senxulumano kwaye kufuneka indawo eyaneleyo. Kubhetele ukuba ekutsaleni kwisilingi a enemingxuma iplastiki entle. Floor wendlu alekwe isanti, umgquba okanye neetships. iibhokisi efunekayo ngentlabathi-iimpukane ash umxube ukuba yome ukuhlamba. Isivingco kule ndlu endleleni wemba emhlabeni ukuya kubunzulu ubuncinane ayi-30 cm. Xa ungena kwigumbi nokuba zenze amalungiselelo nangengqongqo yeentaka, iintaka ngenye frisky zizehlela indawo ukukhululeka. Idlelo kunye igumbi pritemnyayut kude elangeni ngqo.

Ukutyala konga kubalwa ngokuthi kususelwe ukuba kukho izagwityi kufuneka indawo ubuncinane 15x20 cm. Intsalela njengoko kungekho ndawo, ekhokelela ukuncipha kwemveliso eqandeni.

Ingaba kulula kakhulu ukugcina iiseli izagwityi, ngokungafaniyo iinkuku, ezintle abavakalelwa, zibe lula ukunyamekela achole usapho, uyakwazi ukugcina kakhulu isithuba, iiseli ngemibhobho ibhetri. Ngaloo ngomhla 1 sq.m inokuthatha 200-300 iinkukhu kwaye ufumane kule mini-fama amaqanda 200-250 yonke imihla.

Iiseli ingafakwa indlu, navimba kunye ehlotyeni ngqo egadini. ubukhulu Cell isekelwe 120-150 macala uzimisele. ukubona ukuba neentaka zonke abadala. Imilo nobukhulu iiseli yahluke kakhulu, kodwa kungcono, Kakade ke, ngokupheleleyo se yenziwe umnatha welding iqaqanjiswa kunye nobukhulu enemingxuma efanelekileyo. Ezi seli Kulula ukusebenza, kulula ukuba iintsholongwane kwaye athathe ixesha elide ukuphelelwa. Ilula kakhulu olula iseli-imodyuli ezenziwe iqaqanjiswa grid engqongqo. Mesh ubukhulu kwi zeBRT kunye waterers izowuni mm 30. elula kakhulu multi-gumbi cell whatnot. It zingafakwa kwi indlu, kwaye endlwini.

Ngogesi, izitya zokusela ingaveliselwa stock ngokuthi, ngokuphelele kwaye alungele iintaka zokuhomba. Oku ngogesi emoyeni kunye waterers, sijinga zeBRT, ezibhateni, mini-khetshi ukuthwala iintaka.

Kunqweneleka ukuba kusekho babe stock:

• psychrometer ukulawula ubushushu nokufuma kweli gumbi kunye isifo;
• irradiator bactericidal - kuba kweentsholongwane indlu yeenkuku nezixhobo;
• uhlobo yelanga isibane Loof infrared uhlobo galogennovuyu CG;
• Kakhu- eliqukanisa izinto ezininzi namfama;
• ovoskop ukulawula amaqanda hatching.

Izagwityi baye balahlekelwa Bemvelo bafukanywe, kwaye ke ngoko kufuneka ukuba isifo. Ukuze ukubonisa izagwityi zingasetyenziswa ngempumelelo iinkuku agqiba iintlobo okanye amavukuthu zasekhaya, kodwa incubator kuthembekile. Ukuba ufuna nje iinkuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu, kulula ukuthenga kuzo intengiso, kunokuba azame baphethe ngayo ngesifukamisi. Oku kungenxa yokuba 3-5 amantshontsho ikhula kunzima kakhulu. Perepelyata bavakalelwa ukuzola, bathi xa zininzi. Ukuba amantshontsho ambalwa, baya kusoloko ukukrikriza, yaye kuya kuba nzima ukuba abakhusele kumaxhala nokufa.

A tips ezimbalwa ...

U ku izagwityi engcono bafudukela uhambisa natshintsha bume, kucetyiswa ukuba uwuthenge xa eneminyaka kwiiveki 6-8. Xa ukhetha intaka, ihlole iintsiba ehlabathini cloaca. Mamela ukuphefumla kwakho, nokuba ukutswina kunye amakhwelo. Yenkukhu kufanele sibe sidudla okanye obhityileyo kakhulu. Intaka enempilo inombala baluthuthu ezibomvana amaxolo esiswini, mthubi uthetha isifo sesibindi. Le umlomo kufuneka owomileyo ngaphandle yokwakha-up. intaka Pribolevshy njengembi ngeentsiba ruffled.

iintaka ü New kufuneka ahlaliswe yedwa iiveki ezimbini okanye ezintathu phambi kokuqala kwi yeentaka eqhelekileyo, kwiveki yokuqala iya kuba desoldering isisombululo buthathaka ezilungileyo potassium permanganate.

Izagwityi kufuneka zisingathwe ngononophelo, uyacebiswa ukuba uye yeentaka ezincinci okanye ebuhlanti, kwakunye enyuka iseli, ukuze kubangela ntshikilelo iintaka. Yiyo loo nto ke kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise zeBRT oluzenzekelayo kunye waterers. Enkosi kubo, inokuba ixesha elide ukuba ukuphazamisa intaka. Bona amalungiselelo okanye ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle okanye ngaphakathi, kodwa kunjalo ngaphandle iseli ebizwayo.

Ukwenzela ukuba izilwanyana zakho itshayelwe rhoqo kwaye uzive okulungileyo, kufuneka athobele imiqathango ethile lwezagwityi. Oku, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, iimeko ubushushu nokukhanya, kwakunye ekondleni elungeleleneyo, ukutya eliphezulu-protini. Ezinye lwezagwityi kunokuba iintaka ukungafuni.

Igumbi apho iiseli lubekelwe lwezagwityi babe okanye ngaphandle iifestile (windows ngcono ngokuqinisekileyo) kodwa umoya olungileyo, ukubonelela ubonelelo umoya omtsha (1 kg live zeenkukhu ubunzima hayi ngaphantsi kwe-1.5 m³ / h engqeleni ixesha kunye 5 m³ / h ifudumale). umoya enjalo nje kuyimfuneko ukuba izinto ngezagwityi exchange olunzulu. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye kwelo gumbi, nto leyo iqulethe izagwityi, kufuneka kungabikho iidrafti, izagwityi kubo ingakumbi sensitive, omnye Iimpawu zokuqala iidrafti ilahleko ngeentsiba intaka. Izagwityi babe liyancipha kwamaqanda phantse ze kwaye kwandisa ukufa.

lobushushu ezimpilweni nipheke 19-20 C ukuhla elungileyo ovumelekileyo ukususela ngomhla we 18 ° ukuya 25 ° C. Xa amaqondo obushushu ngezantsi-16 ° C linakho ukubuphelisa oviposition ababhinqileyo. Birds ebuhlungu amele ukuzibaxa lobushushu, iidrafti nengqele, ukusuka ukuze sife, uxinano. Kodwa wachaza iimeko umxholo lwezagwityi ebusika kumagumbi eziqhaqhazelis kubushushu kummandla iseli uluhlu 5-12 C, ngaleyo ndlela siqhubeke ukuba wenziwe izagwityi.

iiyure emini - inkalo lubalulekileyo kwamaqanda elungileyo kunye nokusebenza lwezagwityi, kwaye ngexesha elinye kwi zokukhanya gumbi, kodwa ekukhanyeni ngokugqithiseleyo kuyingozi - ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo entaka kuza uchulumanco ibangele ISAKHIWO. Yanele yokugubungela eseli kwi ariya ukusebenzisa yale igqengezelayo okanye ezibengezelayo 40-50 W (MDC-40). Kuba amaqanda nokuzalana kukhanya kufuneka text iiyure-17, kufuneka iqalwe imo -. Ukhanyiso luzakujika kwi kwaye ukucima ngexesha elinye, lo mgaqo usebenza kuzo zonke ezinye izinto - ibele, ukuqokelelwa iqanda, njl

ukufuma kumagumbi apho izagwityi abadala, kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi 55%. ukufuma Lower ixesha elide kukhokelela ekuncipheni ukutya, yaye, ngokunjalo, ukuncipha kwemveliso iqanda, iintsiba zaqina, izagwityi kokuba imbonakalo singcolile. Kulo mzekelo emoyeni kufuneka moisturize isini amanzi aqiniseke ukuba uyibeke le bhotile amanzi vaporization. Amaninzi kukho ukufuma ophantsi ehlotyeni okanye kumagumbi kakhulu shushu. Kwakhona undesirably kwandisa ukufuma ngasentla 75%. ukufuma ngeyona ndlela inenzuzo enkulu 60-70% ngenxa ngezagwityi yonke iminyaka yobudala.

Ngokuba nemveliso izagwityi ophezulu kufuneka isondlo ngokupheleleyo. perepelyata Daily wazalwa encinane kakhulu (ukuya kwi-6 grams), kodwa likhula ngokukhawuleza, iinyanga ezi-2 ubudala, ada aya kufika ubunzima iintaka abadala. Isiseko yokudla ngenxa izagwityi ukuba akondle. Ekubeni izagwityi babe ukutya kakhulu ngakumbi kunye neempawu komzimba kunye nokwakhiwa feed yezilwanyana lwezagwityi iye awohluke yayo: kufuneka ibe elungeleleneyo, calorific kakhulu kwaye degree egqibeleleyo esivikivayo.

ukudla amandla ukulungelelana izithako okuziinkozo - umbona, ingqolowa, amazimba, nerhasi. Ngokutsho ekrwada protein - ikeyiki, ikhekhe, imidumba kunye feed imvelaphi izilwanyana (inyama namathambo kunye umgubo wentlanzi, ubisi olungumgubo). Izagwityi imfuneko iproteni kuyahlukana nedlela yobudala.

100g feed eziqulethwe: ekrwada proteina- 22% ikhalsiyam - 2; phosphorus 1.6 no-0.6% sodium. Views labaphandi ezahlukeneyo intswelo izagwityi neeprothini ekrwada andivumi. Kodwa ndafumanisa ukuba iintaka yisa neprothini kwemfuneko, okanye ukungabikho kuzo ngaphandle, umonakalo ngaphakathi kwemida zilandelayo: abaselula abaphakathi kweminyaka iintsuku-1 ukuya kwi-30 kuthatha ukususela nge-23 ukuya 26.7% protein ekrwada, ukusuka kuma-31 ukuya kwezingama-46 - 16-26%; hen - 20 ukuya kuma-24%.

Kuba ukondla izagwityi ayesebenzisa isondlo iinkuku zenyama kunye PC-5 PC-6 kunye ongeziweyo ethile ukudla iqanda-ngokubekwa nezikhukukazi abaselula amaplanga kwesigaba sokuqala PC-2. Ukondla abantu izagwityi abadala luqala, abadala ngeveki-6 ubudala lusidla nguqulelo feed kufuneka ngcembe, iintsuku 5-6.

Xa ngokubekwa thuba ukusetyenziswa yonke imihla ukutya ukuya entloko 22-30 g Ngokusekelwe kule, sinako ukubala reserve eyimfuneko feed yanikwa kwifama imfuyo ekhoyo. Ngokomzekelo, xa isiqulatho 100 iimazi izagwityi ukusetyenziswa feed imihla malunga 2.5-3 kg, kungeso feed nyanga efunekayo malunga 90 kg, ngeli kwisithuba 2000-2300 ziya kuthwala amaqanda izagwityi.

Kuyinto feed eyamkelekileyo eziquka iziqendu ezi-3, - ingqolowa, ilusini (vitamin A), soy umgubo kunye ngokulinganayo. Oku kubonelela izondlo ngezagwityi ephilayo ngokupheleleyo. Ukuze ukugcwalisa ukunqongophala kokutya isilwanyana kuba yimisundululu ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye ezidla mealworms, leyo ezityalwe ngokulula in vitro. Ukongeza, isongezelelo elungileyo ukukhonza afreshi (hayi ezinetyuwa) inkunkuma ikhitshi kunye uhlaza oluchumileyo, yaye zombini kunikwa inala intaka.

Zefula wondla kokubini ezomileyo nakwimo efumileyo. Ukusetyenziswa Kuqikelelwa intaka omdala ngosuku ngalunye: feed zernomuchnyh - ingqolowa, umgrayo zerhasi okanye oatmeal - 12 g; protein - intlanzi fresh, inyama okuthambile, itshizi - 12 g; vitamin - iminqathe, ikhaphetshu, lettuce, amarhawu nezinye zelen- ngaphandle komlinganiselo; minerals - amaqokobhe iqanda, ngetshokhwe - 3g. Kuyenzeka ukunika zikajongilanga okanye iimbotyi zesoya isidlo okanye ubisi olungumgubo (0.5g ngosuku). Njengoko izagwityi vitamin umthambo ukunika iminqathe ya, ama-apile, beetroot. Konke ukutya kufuneka nakhandiweyo, ngoko kakhle. Indlela yokondla iintaka abadala amaxesha 2-3 ngosuku, ngexesha elifanayo.

izagwityi zasehlotyeni kunika inani mda womfuno: imifuno, ikhaphetshu, beetroot, i-, ilusini, umba, lettuce, kunye isipinatshi. Izagwityi ezifana kwamabala zinqunqwe edandelion, umba, yarrow, borage, iYerusalem artichoke. Ebusika, le ntaka kufuneka bondliwe kwamabala zizibi oats, amazimba, ingqolowa, itswele, bekuya kuba mnandi xa Feed babo ikhule ngaphakathi okanye isaladi eshiya Tradescantia. Le yenye houseplants ezimbalwa ukuba izagwityi elungileyo. Musa ukunika tops izagwityi of neetamati, iitapile, milkweed, parsley, iseleri, parsley kunye nightshade namaqunube, yonke buttercup, tansy, nangwevu, umbona nemifuno buckwheat, irye, lupine.

Izagwityi kakubi kakhulu ngayo ukuba baguqukile ukutya, kwaze oko kwakhokelela drop efanayo imveliso eqandeni. Bird uyaphendula nokuba ifidi ukusuka kwisityalo esithile, kodwa amaxesha ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa, engenakubalwa amaqanda. Ukutsho oko kude kube sekupheleni udlisa omdala, sele wangena omtsha kancinci, ukufudusa ngcembe neentaka kulo. Izagwityi zonke amele kabuhlungu naluphi na utshintsho elibukhali - izinga lobushushu, ukutya okanye ixesha zisitya, isandi.

Nceda uqaphele ...

ü amaninzi in lwezagwityi omdala ubola awe iintsiba. Cause oludlekayo inokuba ukukhanya, uxinano okanye ukungabikho iivithamini kakhulu. Ukuba ilahleko iintsiba sinxulumana kuhluma okanye nokungondleki, yona iyangqina ukuba iimeko lobushushu embi.

U umgangatho zokutyisa kugwetywa ngamandla amakhoba amaqanda kunye ubulongwe beentaka. Ngokwesiqhelo inkunkuma texture ashinyeneyo, omnyama ngebala kunye ukutyabeka ezimhlophe uric acid. Umgquba Ulwelo umnyama oluhlaza okanye inclusions igazi lubonisa isifo intaka okanye ubuthi kwetafile yetyuwa. Yellow - uphawu carbohydrate kwemfuneko, namnyama - mhlawumbi kwiproteni kwemfuneko. Urhudo luyasebenziseka oatmeal okanye irayisi amanzi endaweni yamanzi.

Ezona mpawu ziphambili lweehagu izagwityi angohlulwa izihlandlo ezithathu:

• kwixesha lokuqala, eneminyaka eli-1 st ukuya 7 th imini perepelyatam ukunika iphekiweyo epholileyo ezicujiweyo kunye namaqokobhe izagwityi okanye inkukhu amaqanda. Eyokuqala bungcono. Ngosuku 2 ubomi eggfood ukongeza itshizi ngomlinganiselo we-2 g ngentaka nganye ngemini nganye. Ngosuku lwesithathu kuyenzeka ukubandakanya kwi feed ezinqunqiweyo imifuno fresh. Ngosuku 4 ukunciphisa egg idayethi ukwandisa inani sisi. Izagwityi wondla izihlandlo 5 ngemini;
• ixesha lesibini - ukususela 2 nd 4 th ngeveki ubomi. Sidla asisiseko ngexesha feed equlathe 100 g ubuncinane 24-26% iiproteins engahluzwanga 280 calories exchange amandla. Wondla amaxesha 4 ngemini;
• ixesha sesithathu - kwiiveki 5-6 zobomi. Ngeli xesha, feed izagwityi imveliso iintaka abadala, kodwa inqanaba leeprothini crude wanciphiswa 15-17%, ukuze uphephe ekufikiseni kwangethuba, kwaye ukuqala ngokukhawuleza yabakholwayo, nto leyo eza kuchaphazela kamva kwinani lilonke kunye nobunzima amaqanda. Ngumthamo opheleleyo lwengqolowa otyunyuziweyo feed okuziinkozo ukunyuka.

Le feeder kufuneka agcwalise ifidi ukuya 2/3 ukujula labo, njengoko feed izagwityi uyachithachitha.

Bafukanywe kwamaqanda lwezagwityi, ungasebenzisa nayiphi "Universal" inkqubo incubator encinane indlu, "hen", TOC, nguGqr-F-03, kunye nabanye. Umthamo ezi lihlathi ngokufuthi ecacisiwe ngokusekelwe kwinani amaqanda, ie kufuneka unikeze ukuba amaqanda izagwityi uye phantsi amaxesha 4-6 ezinkulu kuno inkukhu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni uhlobo ngesifukamisi, zoshishino okanye ekhaya, kufuneka ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile: ifowuni kufuneka agcine iqondo eziyimfuneko - 37-39 ° C, amaqanda lika kufuneka kwenzeke ngokuzenzekelayo.

Kuba hatching ngamaqanda iimazi zibekwe kunye namadoda umlinganiselo 1: 2 - 1: iintsapho 4 kabani yokuqamba lugqityiwe kwaye akawatshintshi ukhetho. Xa nokuzalana kwazo kusetyenziswa nokwahlukana amadoda kunye nabasetyhini. Kulo mzekelo, i zikhwela iimazi imizuzu eli-10-15 podsazhivayut ukuba uyindoda, ngoko ixesha elithile kamva oku yayiphindwa omnye obhinqileyo, njl amaqanda Ngaloo ayaqhama yi-80% - ngaphezulu kwe ukuqhathwa free. Xa umsebenzi yokuzalela ukugcina amaqanda aphezulu ayaqhama kwamabhinqa namadoda esetyenziselwa iinyanga ezi-3, kwaye ke alahlwa ngokubuyisela i seenyanga ezimbini izagwityi abaselula.

amaqanda Hatching kufuneka sibe imilo rhoqo, kunye kumphezulu ogudileyo, i nombala avareji, zalishumi amaqanda 9-11 g ezincinane kunye ezinkulu abavelisa iziphumo okubi bafukanywe nokukhulisa. Ukusuka uhlobo inyama izagwityi kuFaro incubator ibeka amaqanda ezinobunzima 12-16 g Ekuhloleni umgangatho hatching amaqanda Kuyancomeka ukufundisa phezu candling, nto leyo nje ukwenza njengoko ku-30% ye-maqanda oqhiphuke umbilini kwi iqokobhe kunye nezinye iimpazamo. amaqanda ezimdaka Esingahlanjwanga - ingatshabalalisa nadskorlupnuyu ifilim ucingo pores zezulu utshintsho. Balungiselela bafukanywe lamaqanda egcinwe elingekho ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezingama-7.

amaqanda Fresh Nditshonile emanzini kubushushu igumbi, ubudala, kunye kwigumbi umoya phambili ukuze abhabhe. Best female uselula ukususela kwiminyaka iinyanga 2-6.

Lawula uphuhliso ndiseyimbumba singaba candling. Kuphuhliso eziqhelekileyo, ngeentsuku 9.5 embindini beqanda ndiseyimbumba kunokubonwa ngokohlobo amabala ezimnyama.

Ngomhla perepelyata kusuku lwe-17, sijike iqanda, okwenziwe ngemigca exweseneyo iqanda iqokobhe kwi achazwe apha kwindawo ebanzi. Isiphelo friendly yaye ngokuqhelekileyo akugqiba iiyure 4-6, nangona perepelyata ngamnye ukususela nebhetshi efanayo kwaye kuwaqandusela iintsuku 1-2 emva imveliso yokuqala. Xa ukufuma Pip kwemfuneko kwenzeka inxalenye Ukuhl iqanda, kunye intshontsho ngokwayo ngokufuthi andinako ukuzisindisa ukusuka iqokobhe. Ukuba yome kakhulu kwi incubator, podskorlupnye iqokobhe zibe namandla kakhulu. Perepelenok umlomo waphula iqokobhe, kodwa alunako ukuphuma kuyo. Okt ukufuma - enye engundoqo imiba yempumelelo okuthatha. Ngomhla we-15 bafukanywe iqanda kubhetele ukuba ukwigumbi phambili. Amantshontsho evela incubator kuyinyamezela ngcono iiyure 10-12 kuphela emva nokurhoxa, oko kukuthi, ngosuku 18 emva kokuba amaqanda.

Ngenxa amantshontsho zibekwe phantsi incubator brooder, kunye lobushushu 37,5 °, yonke imihla yayo 4 ithotywe 2 °, emihleni yama-20 ubudala, nto yehle lobushushu kwigumbi. Ukuba amantshontsho andiyithandi, baqala ukukrikriza, neqela phezulu xa kubanda, ukuba zonke eziphume brooder - ngoko kushushu.

Kule zokuqala iiveki ezimbini okanye ezintathu ukukhanya amantshontsho ngofinyafuthi lonke ixesha, ngoko kancane kancane iiyure emini ukuya iiyure 12-16 ngosuku.

Fed izagwityi ngemihla zokuqala izihlandlo ezine ngosuku Nzima iphekiweyo ya iqanda, kongezwe ukusilwa umxube okuziinkozo. Ukususela ngosuku lwesibini ukunika ingqaka icinezelwe netswele-usiba, ukususela ngomhla wesithathu - iikherothi ya, umba, wayipheka iintlanzi wayama ngayo, i anikezela ngezakhi kunye amathontsi ambalwa fish oil. Zefula nga anikwe njenge ezomileyo okanye elimanzi kancinane. Feeder isicelo ngomlinganiselo 1.5 cm ukuyotsho entloko, ukusela isitya -. 1 cm Ukuze perepelyatam nokuthintela imihla agalelwa kumkhombe kancinci isisombululo ezibomvana potassium permanganate emanzini abilayo, izinga iimalthivithamini ka-1 ithontsi ngalinye iintloko-2. Iluncedo kakhulu kwakhona kwifayile decoctions womfuno chamomile, calendula, ngeplantain, umba, fennel. Icephe ingca 1 ilitha yamanzi abilayo, bazisa ithumba kwaye tomyat imizuzu embalwa.

Qaphela ....

ü Ngosuku lwesibhozo lwezagwityi iphume-ebizwa ngokuba "hemp" - iintsiba elizayo kunye amantshontsho khangela emdaka yaye bemanzi, kukho umnqweno ngentlawulelo zona, kodwa ekhokelela ekufeni kwabo. Nokuba phuphu sele waluqaba ngamandla, hlala yingozi.

ü Ngokufuthi, umxholo non-cellular le inkunkuma emanzi, zize zidle imilenze izagwityi kwasekwa corns. Awukwazi uzame ndibanyothule, xa yomile, kufuneka babe manzi kunye namanzi ashushu, kwaye kuphela kogotochki ke kucacile. Kubhetele ukuba uphephe oku, njengoko sklevyvanie, iintaka amaqhekeza abo. Ngoko ke amantshontsho ngcono ukususela ngomhla umhlaba phantsi umnatha.

lula ü Perepelyata Nditshonile emanzini ukuze ezinqwenelekayo emikhombeni cleaner. Phantsi abaselayo ngeli xesha zingathengwa-store abanini isosara-ezizodwa iinkonkxa, apho zifakelwe zocaphulo kwijokhwe yakho yeglasi afakwe kukho umsantsa esosini.

ü efihliweyo ngokoyikekayo, rhoqo phantsi stock iphepha, ngokufuthi wehluleka apho. uneentloni kakhulu kwaye jumpy! Musa ukuvumela ukubaleka ithuba esuka kwibhokisi. Musa ukubeka iintaka esitratweni ngaphandle iiseli ukuba balandele akunakwenzeka ukubamba kwabo akukho lula, kodwa indalo baya kufa.

ü Phambi kokuba nyanga kuhle ukuba anele ngokusebenzisa ukutya, ukuba zonke intshontsho efanayo baminxwe ukutya owomileyo, kuyenzeka ukuba uzame ukuba amsindise, ngobunono ode iqhekeza ziyaxinga yokutya kwiiveki zokuqala ezimbini zobomi izagwityi kubhetele ukuba atye izithebe ezenziwe ngamaplanga ngeeplanga-5 mm.

ü Musa poite amantshontsho ngogonyamelo uyagula. Ukuba phuphu akakwazi ukusela yedwa, uya kufa kunjalo.

ü bahlambe iimpukane uthuthu-isanti bath izagwityi kufuneka siqiniseke, kodwa zingadlulanga iintsuku ngaphambi kwe-45 ubudala.

ü Kuyenzeka ukuba amantshontsho kude brooder, uyadana kunye kanzulu e, uhlale ixesha elide kwindawo ngezwi ukuba iqondo lobushushu. Uyakwazi ucingo kwikhadibhodi okanye ngamaplanga screens kwisangqa kumgama 1.25-1.5 m ukusuka ngohlangothi brooder isambuleli. Xa ummandla obiyelweyo amantshontsho aya kufumana ukutya kunye namanzi, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu. Kuba izilwanyana abaselula yiultraviolet iluncedo kakhulu kwaye infrared.

Ukuba iintaka bayavuka amaqanda, ngoko kumntwana onyanga-nye, ungenza ukuguqulela ibe isondlo ngokubekwa iinkukhu, ukuba umxholo nangoku zitshiphu. Izagwityi yokugoqoza ekhaya kangangeenyanga 9-11, yaye ngoko ke atyetyisiweyo, kunye kuxhelwa inyama.

Amantshontsho inyama exheliweyo eneminyaka kweeveki ezi-4, xa sele ukwahlula into eyindoda ukususela iimazi. Amaxesha amaninzi ukuba izidumbu baba imeko betyebile, intaka pre-eliya lityetyisiweyo, otsazhivaya iiveki enye okanye ezimbini kwisisele mnyama kwaye kungena ekutyeni kunye neetapile eluhlaza.

Kugcina ...

umbungu ü izagwityi ukuphuhlisa ngokukhawuleza amantshontsho kunye iinkwali. Emva 24 h of bafukanywe kwi iqanda perepelenok uyazibambisa kuphuhliso chicken iiyure ezingama-30. Imibungu izagwityi yeentsuku ezintlanu-kumkhawulela ngeveki chicken imini-ezintandathu kunye pheasant.

• ü Precocity izagwityi kabini ephezulu kunolo Peking idada, kwaye ngaphezulu izihlandlo ezithathu kunalawo lwemivundla. umjikelo opheleleyo amaqanda bookmarks kwi isifukamisi de iqanda yokuqala ukusuka izagwityi oselula ziintsuku 40-66 kuphela.
• ü Ukuba izagwityi abatyhwatyhwayo lasendle iqala ngenyanga yeshumi elinesibini, inkuku lwasekhaya owesithandathu, izagwityi ekhaya - kwindawo yesibini.
• ü ngenyameko kakuhle ezinye zikhukukazi zibeka amaqanda amabini ngosuku.
• ü Five Izagwityi kulo nyaka inani elifanayo amaqanda ngokobunzima njengokuba inkuku, kodwa ikhula izihlandlo ezithathu ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kwalusa iyunithi nganye ubunzima bomzimba kufuna ngaphantsi.
• ü Lo izagwityi Japanese kwi GhostScript kwi kwindawo yesibini emva broiler. izagwityi Inyama bavelise iintlobo zokutya eyakhiwe. Malunga nendlela ithandwa le ntaka, kukuba amaqanda ayo ithengiswa apho, nkqu newsagents.
• amaqanda ü Izagwityi asetyenziswa kwi bio-mveliso. Yilwa-leukemic izifo kunye nobukho sarcomatous lwezinto eziphilayo esebenzayo ukuvumela ukuba usebenzise ngaphandle amaqanda izagwityi loyiko ifomu ekrwada.

Uluhlu ezibhekisela:

Zadorozhna LA Perepelovodstvo. - P27 M:. UMTHETHO; IDonetsk: Stalker 2005

Small kodwa anqabileyo .// Compound / Homestead hozyaystvo.- 2000.- № 4

Formula for perepelovodstva // Meat sphere / Ptitseprom.- 2010.- № 4

Marinchenko TE