Isinqandi - ntoni na? Umbala nokubanda kwiinkqubo zokufudumeza

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le isinqandi yinxalenye wemoto yonke mihla. Yiyo le lwelo na umsebenzi olupholisa injini ye zezithuthi, kwakunye igalelo kumsebenzi eququzelelweyo lweenkqubo zokufudumeza abantu. Ukubaluleka kokuba zinendlela efana kunye nobukho oyile injini, kuba kuzo zombini ezi meko, ukuba ukungabi kho kwalo okanye lwelo ekugqibeleni kukhokelela umonakalo kunye nobushushu le motor imoto. Kwaye namhlanje, sihlawula inqaku eyahlukileyo ukuba into ebalulekileyo enjalo, ibe nokubanda.

Yintoni na?

Isinqandi na ulwelo, equka iziseko glycolic (kusenokuba propylene okanye ethylene ethers), kunye nezongezelelo eziliqela. Le yokugqibela imisebenzi ezininzi - ngokudleka, ekuzinziseni avala. Kukodwa i ethers ethylene antifreezing isisombululo zolwelo ukuba indawo abilayo malunga 200 degrees Celsius. Ulwelo ngenxa yale wabonakala ehlabathini malunga 80 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. It waphuhliswa BASF yaye igama "nokuba glysantine" (isinqandi ukufudumeza nokupholisa injini yokutsha lwangaphakathi). Loo gama kusekho esetyenziswa yi BASF ukulebhelisha iimveliso zabo coolants.

Umahluko phakathi emelana kunye nokubanda

Kutshanje Ndandiqhuba kakhulu mpikiswano ngendlela iindlela ezingcono ukuzalisa bazipheka - isinqandi okanye nokubanda. Ukuze ufumane impendulo eyinyaniso, sichaza yonke into ukuze. Ke zinendlela. Le mbono "zinendlela", nto leyo kwisi IsiNgesi iyalila "ice-free" liye lasetyenziswa ukubhekisela ulwelo ekuveliseni US naseYurophu. Isinqandi - iyafana naleyo nokubanda. Umahluko kuphela kuxhomekeke yokuba oveliswa kuphela xa amazwe USSR. Yiloo nto ke isinqandi - kunokuthiwa ngalo, lo zinendlela Russian, Noko ke, wabonakala kuphela ekuqaleni-imi- 70 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela.

umbala

Ngoku iivenkile auto waqalisa ukukhulula zinendlela eluhlaza yaye eliqaqambileyo-orange. Yintoni na? Enyanisweni Yeyona zinendlela efanayo, kuphela idayi. Ukuba abenzi yasekhaya yepeyinti iimveliso zabo zibe eziyiyo enye blue-blue, iinkampani aphesheya ukuvelisa zinendlela ezahlukeneyo (otyheli, obomvu, njalo njalo). maxa wambi loo ukungafani ongenela ngalala kubanini imoto ekukhetheni ulwelo efanelekileyo. Eneneni, umahluko omkhulu phakathi zinendlela bebala ayikho. Bonke bephela yahluke kuphela inani idayi ekhoyo ngaphakathi. Ngenxa yoko, umbala nokubanda kuphela iinkampani zokuthengisa icebo. Bazama ukutsala ingqalelo inani elikhulu abathengi ukuba eziqaqambileyo coolants 'engaqhelekanga' ngale ndlela. Isinqandi ukufudumeza kunye bazipheka, nokuba siluhlaza okanye oluhlaza, kubaluleke ngokulinganayo for imoto.

Njani mix njengesipholisi of yemiyinge ezahlukeneyo kunye nabenzi?

Impendulo yalo mbuzo luyathandabuzeka. Kakade ke, abaqhubi beemoto abaninzi bamangaliswa ukuqonda ukuba enye uphawu lwe nokubanda na exutywe nenye ulwelo. Yaye ke inxenye tye. Isinqandi mix kunokuzuzwa kuphela xa omabini izinto Sinenani elifanayo kwezithako. Iinkampani ezahlukeneyo usebenzisa ongeziweyo ezahlukeneyo kwiimveliso zabo, ngoko musa abanje engamanzi iya kuba isebenzisane kunye nabanye. isinqandi umbala Akukhathaliseki apha. Ewe, ethylene ethers isinqandi wonke umntu ukwakhiwa efanayo. Uxutywe kungaba naziphi na olinganise. Kodwa kwezithako le meko yinto eyahlukileyo. Abanye, ngokuxhomekeke ngumvelisi, babe iikhompawundi ezingaphiliyo (phosphate, ngomdla, kunye boron ephuculweyo), enye - isizukulwana esitsha iikhompawundi chemical. Ngoko ke, xa zonke ezo zinto, ethambisayo xa iqatyiwe kunye antirust iimpawu, leyo ngaphambili ngaphandle kokuba njengesipholisi maxongo izihlandlo eziliqela. Isiphelo kule enye kuphela - ukuxuba zinendlela ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokufunda ukwakhiwa kwezithako ayikhuthazwa. Kungenjalo oku kuya kukhokelela nobushushu rhoqo, kwaye, ngokufanayo, ukuba ukunciphisa ubomi wenkonzo iinkqubo ngeemoto zokufudumeza.

Njani ukuba athenge fake?

Ngelishwa, akukho eRashiya, okanye eYurophu akukho umgangatho elinye eyayiza ukulawula ubomi njengesipholisi. Ngamanye amazwi, iziqinisekiso anti-ngumkhenkce ayisosinyanzelo. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukufumanisa ukuba ingaba isinqandi kwizinga eliphezulu okanye fake, akukho uphando olukhethekileyo nje akunakwenzeka.

Noko ke, asingabo bonke lithemba kangaka. Ukunciphisa ingozi enkohliso ukuthenga unako, lo gama nje iimpahla aye akhethwa ngokuchanekileyo. Xa uthenga isinqandi kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo le miba:

1. Kwindawo oyithenge kuyo. Xa uthenga impahla kwiivenkile ezizodwa, kukho umngcipheko ukufumana njengentsomi yehla kakhulu. Khumbula ukuba kakuhle ngakumbi owaziwayo phakathi komzi (ummandla), eli nqanaba, kuyanqaba ukuya kukhubeka phezu umkhonyovu. iivenkile ezinjalo ngokuyimfuneko ihlolwe kwaye kwelase banike onke amaxwebhu kunye nezatifikethi umgangatho wayinikela impahla.
2. Ulwazi kwileyibhile. Xa ukhetha, funda umbhalo kwileyibhile. Kwi bhokisi emelana ezikumgangatho ophezulu lusoloko iphawulwe linani TU njengoko standard umenzi. Last kaninzi kwenzeka emelana yokungenisa. Kufuneka kwakhona jonga umhla wokuphelelwa kunye nomhla wokwenziwa kwempahla. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, siphawula ukuba bonke abenzi bona fide kusoloko abonisa kwileyibhile uququzelelo kunye nedilesi. Ukuba nokubanda akanguye brand kubakhi yaye iinkcukacha ngeenkcukacha, ngoko ke, batyhileka igaraji ndlela, oko kukuthi njengentsomi.
3. Iindleko. Kuyaqondakala ukuba, isinqandi, leyo zingathengwa ixabiso okufanayo ngokwemiqathango umthamo wamanzi izimbiwa, akukho luphawu. Kodwa kuyabiza kakhulu ukuya kuthenga isinqandi ayikho imfuneko. Kubhetele ukuba anamathele 'imin yegolide "siseko, kwakunye, kangangoko oku kunokwenzeka ukufumana ukubuyekeza kwi internet malunga nale ngumenzi. Kungenjalo isinqandi kwiinkqubo isithuthi ukufudumeza akayi azise nayiphi na elungileyo. Le motor uya rhoqo nge welding, kwaye eziko ukutyisa umoya obandayo kuphela.

Ngokuxuba amafutha zinendlela

Bekukho ioli nokubanda. Yintoni ukwenza ntoni? Ngokubanzi, le meko kunqabile kakhulu elizweni kwaye lwasekhaya iimoto (badla nokubanda nje "amagwebu" kwi itanki ukwanda). Kodwa yintoni ukwenza ntoni kule meko? Okokuqala, siphawula ukuba uninzi iimoto zanamhlanje ngokukhethekileyo kungeniswa, baxhotyiswa kunye sokufudumeza olulodwa, nto leyo ukwakweli izindlu le oil filter. Kweli nqanaba, kwanaleyo oyile lwenzeka kunye njengesipholisi. Ke ukuba ubushushu ezilahlekileyo ukuvuza ezidlulileyo, kungenzeka wokuxuba izinto ezimbini ukunyuka kwisithuthi kakhulu.

Ke kaloku, ibaleka injini, amathuba wajula yeoli kwesoyi liphezulu kakhulu kunokuba idle (nokuba yeyona eninzi anti-ngumkhenkce). Yintoni na? Enyanisweni, yonke into ilula kakhulu. Le meko ibangelwa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwinkqubo. Xa injini icinyiwe emva kwemizuzu embalwa ngokomgangatho wakhe kakhulu ilingana womoya.

Imiphumo wokuxuba ioli emelana

Khumbula, ethylene ethers, ugalelwe ioli, ngokuphawulekayo nga angafundisi ukusebenza injini kwanangamacandelo alo, ngoko ukuba ipesenti umxholo wayo lidlula uphawu ka-0,35 ekhulwini, kufuneka uqhagamshelane ngokukhawuleza isikhululo nkonzo. Kungenjalo, lugcwele injini kunye nomonakalo umhlwa olunamafutha umboniso ezindongeni njengesilinda.

Ndifanele tshintsha Kukangaphi na nokubanda?

Yintoni na kwaye kutheni na le ulwelo, sele kufunyenwe. Ngoku kuba frequency replacement. Kwaye ukutshintsha isinqandi kuyacetyiswa emva zonke 60-80 ophosa, yaye ngokukhethekayo phambi kokuqala ngengqele ebusika. Ngenxa anti-ngumkhenkce ezintsha kunye nesitovu, kwaye injini ziya kuqhuba kakuhle iinyanga eziliqela yaye iminyaka.