Isifundo kwengqondo. Evolution of kombono

Nangaliphi na ixesha ihlabathi engaphakathi umntu abaphandi abanomdla. Ngoko ke, ukubonakala psychology yaba kwizimanga zendalo. Yintoni into Psychology? Yintoni esifunda ingqeqesho, ogama lakhe bubonakala "ulwazi umphefumlo"?

amakhulu ngamakhulu eminyaka eyadlulayo, abantu baye bafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba umntu into ekhethekileyo, ezingenakuchukunyiswa yaye engasoze, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ubukho ehlele sublime kunye ngovuyo, okanye kwaye sikhokelela nasekufeni. Bayibiza into umphefumlo, kodwa inkcazelo elinye kuba engamfumani, Noko ke, kunqabile ukuba zikhona.

imibuzo engenampendulo kuhlala, kunye nezinye, akukho kangako yaye inika umdla. Umzekelo, apho umntu kwabonakala, leyo zavela iingcambu zawo? Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umntu emva kokufa? Uphi na uphuhliso lobuntu, apho kuya kukhokelela? Ukongeza kule miba eziqhelekileyo bantu abakhathalele kunye nabanye ezinxulumene nganye, izakhono zalo, ubunakho, injongo. Impendulo siyifumana eluntwini. Igcina ulwazi ababeyiqwebile inguqu kubo, ajike abe umfanekiso jikelele kunye ngokupheleleyo ihlabathi. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuba inqubo, inika inkcazelo malunga ihlabathi, malunga nendawo nendoda ngokulalwa yiyo, kwaye kwimigaqo yentsebenziswano phakathi kwezi yezahlukileyo ezimbini.

Uluntu unalo ixesha elide kakhulu. Ngeli xesha, i imizobo bulumko balandela omnye komnye, kodwa elowo kubo kwakukho indawo i "umphefumlo", nangona kwiinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo, isihloko psychology waqonda ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

ezafakwa

Lo imbonakaliso yokuqala yabantu, apho bona ngokwabo kunye nehlabathi jikelele kuthi yonke ethile. Le ndoda zange bazahlule indalo nkqu nangaphezulu akazange angene ngxabano nayo. Yonke into anima yakhe - moya. Yena kwaqondwa njenge elizimeleyo iqumrhu umzimba, kodwa ukuze uyilawule. Kwakungekho imida phakathi ziyaphila kunye ezingaphiliyo.

inkolo

Lo mbandela kwengqondo e imifanekiso zeenkolo zehlabathi - umphefumlo njengoko umoya kaThixo, yamasuntswana wakhe umzimba uphile. Asinguye wonke umntu unomphefumlo, kwaye ekhethiweyo kuphela, yaye inkcaso nawo umzimba ezisa udlame ezingqondweni zabantu.

zendalo-zefilosofi picture

Yayakhelwe phezu iminqweno Eyokuqiqa kunye ukuphumla. Njengenxalenye bulumko wendalo baqale Ekuthwaseni kuyondelelaniswe nohlalutyo. Le ndlela ibandakanya Eyokuqiqa kunye reflection kamva kwi kubonwa. Eli hlabathi isazama neentsomi yethuba lokuba ubomi iyavisisana ngokuvisisana nendalo. Le iminqweno bulumko zendalo amawaka eminyaka abazibiza impucuko baseMpuma. E India, iPersi, China, isihloko psychology - ayikho ngamnye, ngolawulo lweenkqubo yengqondo, yovakalelo kunye volitional.

onembono yenzululwazi

Lo mfanekiso ihlabathi intsukaphi eYurophu lwe ngenkulungwane ye-16 yaye eqonda nomnqweno ukubenza yobuntu. Ngenkulungwane ye-18 waqalisa ingcamango "psychology" kunye nomphefumlo, nangona ekhona kulo mbono hlabathi, ayisa ibizwa ngokuba umphefumlo. Ngoku kuthiwa psyche.

Phendula umbuzo wokuba yintoni injongosenzi kunye umbandela psychology, ngeendlela ezininzi.

1 indlela - "khangela ubone". Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu basebenzisa kubomi bemihla ngemihla nokuqiqa show. Xa intsingiselo bemihla igama elithi "umphefumlo" nelithi "ngamava", "ihlabathi yangaphakathi", "uvalo". Noko ke, uluntu lwezenzululwazi inkcazo kwakudala.

Indlela 2 - "uluhlu undincinayo apho kuyimfuneko." Ukunika umbono wokuba nayiphi na inzululwazi, babhenela inkcazelo malunga nokuba siyintoni na izazinzulu oyenzayo kwaye abonisa iindawo apho iziphumo zomsebenzi wabo. Olu umzimba ulwazi ngokwaneleyo ukuze benze umntu ukuba aseke ingcamango malunga intsimi yenzululwazi ethile. Kodwa asingabo bonke elula gqitha xa wayecinga injongosenzi kunye into ngengqondo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukususela into efana umphefumlo kunzima kakhulu ukuba ikheswa sifundo.

3 indlela - ukuba 'ukumisela imithetho ". Xa inzululwazi ingqondo iphawulwa ethile msebenzi - inkqubo, imisebenzi, iimpawu kunye nemisebenzi. Ukuqonda ukuba izinto ezingabonwayo. Le yinxalenye ebalulekileyo, ekubeni igama elithi "umphefumlo" ngokuthi "uza", "ndicinga", njl Ngaba izibizo eyenza umntu engaqondanga ucinge into ethile. . P. Ya Galperin ecetywayo ukutolika isifundo psychology - engqondweni - njengoko yinqobo zenkqunto eziququzelelwe kakhulu. Le nkcazo amaninzi asetyenziswa iisayikholojisti mihla.