Isibheno seCassation malunga nesigqibo senkundla: inkqubo yokufakela kunye neemfuno eziphambili

Isibheno sokuqhayisa isinqumo senkundla, njengalowo nawuphi na umqulu oseburhulumenteni, unobunqabileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwesingqinisiso sokuqhawula, inxaxheba kwilingo ineentsuku ezili-10. Ingxelo yabo iqala ngomzuzu xa isigqibo senkundla siya kuba semthethweni, oko kukuthi, singena emthethweni. Eli gama lilawulwa yiCandelo le-338 kunye neCandelo lama-107 loMgaqo-nkqubo woLuntu waseRashiya.

Ngokuqhelekileyo ekusebenzeni, le nkqubo ilandelayo. Kwiseshoni yenkundla, ijaji yenza isigqibo sokugqibela kwaye sifunde isigqibo sayo sabelo, kodwa akukho sigqibo sokugqibela esinikwe. INkundla inayo ixesha apho inxalenye echazayo-nentshukumo kunye nesigqibo malunga nelokugqibela kwifom kufuneka izaliseke. Ukwenza oku, kuthatha iintsuku ezi-5. Ukuba kukho inamba kwisiqulatho sesisombululo, iintsuku ezili-10 zibalwa ukusuka kumhla ochaziweyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba inkundla ibanjwe kwaye inxalenye efanelekileyo yashicilelwe ngoFebruwari 5, kwaye isigqibo senziwe yinkundla ngoFebruwari 7, ngoko-ke isibheno sokuqhayisa isinqumo senkundla kufuneka sithunyelwe phambi koFebruwari 17 kubandakanya.

Ukuba kunjalo, nangona kunjalo, akukho mhla kwisigqibo sokugqibela kwimeko, isithuba seentsuku ezilishumi esichazwe ngumthetho wokusetyenziswa kwesibheno sokuncibilika kubalwa ngokuxhomekeka xa ityala lithunyelwe kwiofisi yenkundla. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba inkundla ibanjwe ngoFebruwari 3, kwaye ityala lihanjiswe kwi-ofisi ngoFebruwari 6, isibheno sokuqhawula isinqumo senkundla siya kufakwa kuze kube ngu-Febhuwari 16 kubandakanya.

Ngamanye amaxesha abathathi-nxaxheba kwinkqubo abavumelani nokuziphatha kwayo, imibuzo kunye namazwana avela kwizenzo zamagosa ebulungisa. Kule meko, unako ukufaka isikhalazo apho ungabonisani ukungavumelani nezenzo zejaji.

Ixesha elifunekayo lokubhena isikhalazo kubalulekile. Isigqibo ngasinye senkundla sithetha ukuba i-mechanism iyaqaliswa ukuba iphunyezwe ngendlela yokuzithandela okanye inyanzelekile. Ukongezelela, isigqibo sokugqibela sithetha ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba kwilingo abanelungelo lokwenza iimfuno ezifanayo kwamanye amabango kumnye umntu, usebenzisa izizathu ezifanayo. Isigqibo senkundla ngalo mbandela kwifomu yaso yokugqibela ayinikezeli ilungelo lokumelana neengqinisiso ezithile kwiinkqubo zoluntu.

Isibheno sokuqhawula isigqibo senkundla sithunyelwa enkundleni, apho isigqibo senziwe kwimeko. Inkundla efanayo kufuneka iboniswe kwi "cap" yesibheno. Isiqendu 339 soMthetho we-CCP we-RF sinqumle ngokucacileyo ukuba isikhalazo sokubanjelwa kwimeko yecala ekuzaliseni kufuneka sibe nezinto ezilandelayo: igama lenkundla kunye neerikhwizishini okanye igama lommangali ngokubonakalisa indawo yokuhlala; Isiboniso sesigqibo senkundla esithandwayo; Iingxoxo zesikhalazo ngokwayo; Isicelo somthumeli wesibheno sokuqhawula. Ukuba kukho, ngoko kunye nekhalazo sokuqhawulwa kwamaphepha ancedayo kunye nohlu lwabo lufakiwe.

Isibheno sokubhenca singabonisa ukungavumelani kuzo zonke izigqibo ngokubanzi kunye nangenxalenye yayo: izigqibo zentendelezo, isisusa sokwenza isigqibo. Nangona kunjalo, nayiphi na imfuno emitsha ayinakufunwa kulo mbhalo.

Kwiqela ngalinye, ikopi yeskhalazo sokuqhawula kufuneka inikwe iikopi zazo zonke iinkcukacha eziqhotyoshelweyo, njengoko kuchazwe kwiSiqendu 340 seCCP yeRussia Federation. Umyalelo wokuhlawula ngokuhlawula umrhumo weburhulumenteni kufakwe uluhlu lwamaphepha angeziwe kwaye inkundla inokuthunyelwa kwintlandlolo.

Ikopi nganye yesibheno sokuqhawula kufuneka isayinwe. Ukuba isikhalazo sifakwe ngummeli, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba ube negunya lommeli, olawula amagunya ommeli. Igunya lommeli ngokwaso kufuneka linamathele kwisikhalazo. Ukuba ummeli sele usethathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yamatyala kwaye unamagunya afanelekileyo, kwaye amandla ommeli usele meko, ngoko akuyimfuneko ukubonisa amandla amatsha egqwetha.

Xa ufaka isikhalazo, akunakukhishwa ngaphandle ukuba iqela eliphikisayo linethuba lokuphendula kulo ngokufaka isikhalazo kwisikhalazo sokuqhayisa enkundleni.