Isantya enyakanyakeni: Umgaqo, iintlobo. SUV ne ekunciphiseni iimpahla kunye lock

Kuqala kwinto zonke, masithi ukuba ukudluliselwa na ukudlulisela ekujongwe ukulawula torque izinga ukudluliselwa ukusuka injini ukuya kweevili drive. Zahlula-hlulwe torque ngqo kunye nokwandisa, lisibekele ngayo. Apha, sincokola ngakumbi malunga nendlela yakutshanje.

gear Ukunciphisa nenjongo yayo

Ngamafutshane, iiseyile ukuncitshiswa - nguye lowo razdatke, kunjalo - ibhokisi olongezelelweyo ukuba isasaze torque phakathi kwe-asi ezimbini ukuqhuba. Xa kwisithuthi ngamathontsi isantya kwaye torque namandla ukwanda. Le transmission isoloko isetyenziswa ukuze soyise imiqobo efana ice, ayame ngokomnombo eweni okanye ukwenyuka, isanti, ubumdaka, ezilulwalwa kunye embi endleleni.

Yena ukhanyise iqhosha okanye lever kunye L ngokunyula kunye LO, nto leyo imele iphungulwe low - "phantsi". downshift umgaqo kukuba xa ucima-kwendlela speed tsakisi, kodwa yena uya usomelela kwaye ukukwazi ukuba boyise imiqobo. Ubukhulu izinga sokuwa ixhomekeke izixhobo ratio kwi kweevili iiseyile. Emotweni xa downshift ihamba ngesantya esiphezulu.

Ngokomzekelo, cinga imeko apho ngexesha ukunyuka elide in motor izixhobo wesithathu abanamandla ngokwaneleyo, kwaye xa inani revolutions ukudluliswa yesibini kuba kukhulu kakhulu. Kulo mzekelo, ukuqukwa yokudlulisela ephantsi kunceda ukumelana nale meko: Car ihamba ngesantya esisezantsi, kodwa ngesantya esiphezulu. Ngenxa yokwanda kwi torque ivili ukuba boyise imiqobo endleleni ukuba kube lula kakhulu. Inani revolutions na ukunyuka ibhulorho kunye izixhobo umlinganiselo imveliso shaft. Ngenxa yoko, isithuthi ngokulula kakhulu ukoyisa iindlela ezinamandla, imiqobo amanzi, ekhwela kunye ekwehleni kunye neminye imiqobo.

Splitter

Splitter ngokokwakheka ifakiwe kwimeko transfer yesekethe okanye wenza njengeyunithi eyahlukileyo. ngeke kube khona Ityala transfer "zenzekelayo", kunye nemisebenzi yayo yenziwa kwezinye iinkcukacha kwi sites PPC. CP olongezelelweyo, apho kukho izixhobo unciphiso (Splitter), eyenzelwe ukwandisa imikhosi imoto ezintendeni. Splitter yindlela transmission eyenzelwe ukwandisa torque. Kokuba imisiwe, njengoko umthetho, ezo moto ukuba yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwiimeko endleleni embi. Kulo mzekelo, asiyi kwanela apha ukunceda ukufumana izixhobo ratio intermediate ekudluliseni inani eliqhelekileyo uthumelo kule bhokisi.

Cinga ngemeko ilandelayo: ngesantya yesine kwindawo umsebenzi ngesantya injini ezithile kweemeko ezithile kunye sindisa, kwi izixhobo ephantsi, injini yesithathu "ejijekileyo." Kulo mzekelo, iya kunceda transmission ngakumbi.

Indlela ukubandakanya izixhobo eliphantsi?

Kuyimfuneko ukuba amise imoto, ngoko engundoqo lever gearbox kwindawo cala, kwaye ibhokisi lever ngakumbi - ". Izixhobo ukukhwela" ku Ke iklatshi. Asingabo bonke uthumelo ibhokisi transfer langoku ngokwahlukeneyo. Kulo mzekelo, CPR eqhelekileyo unalo sokunqika ekhethekileyo apho olu izixhobo izibandakanye. Ukuba gear zokunciphisa ziya kufakwa kwi kwimo yesiqhelo, apho emngciphekweni omkhulu ukucima kombane njengoko injini transmission. Ngenxa yoko, bobabini iyunithi ukuze yonakele.

downshift Application and lock

Ngoko ke, njengoko sele sifundile, step-phantsi - an izixhobo engaphezulu, leyo lunciphisa inani revolutions kweevili ngesantya rhoqo injini. Kudla lifakwe kwimeko wotshintsho. Ubukho balo yenza lemoto ngakumbi eninzi, inzima kwaye ezintsonkothileyo. Kodwa iimoto loqoqosho ke akusoloko ukucwangcisa, endaweni, qhagamshela PTO ngasemva asi gearbox kwenzeka downshift transmission sump. Mva nje isakhelo SUV ukufumana crossovers zibencinane kwaye kufutshane kunye neemoto mzi. Ezi iimoto rhoqo entluphe- downshift. Ngoku kuye kubekho okunjalo ukuba umba - ubukho iimeko zivuma emotweni ngaphezu ubuchule yayo off-endleleni. abenzi ezininzi nokusebenzisa i ethwele umzimba isakhelo isakhiwo ngaphambili. ezimotweni Real nangoku ngabo SUV, eziye downshifted kwaye ezohlukileyo lock, ukuba ningoyiki nayiphi na imiqobo.

lock iyafuneka ukuphucula emnqamlezweni. zahlula ngokwayo yahlulwe cross-asi nelehlabathi-asi. iimoto ngaphambili akukho technology enjalo, ngoko ukungabi abo okuba nefuthe elibi iziqalelo yokhuseleko kuyilo. zahlula ezinqamlezayo kuvumela amavili ukuba ngezantya ezahlukeneyo, kuyimfuneko, umzekelo ukuba imoto yenza ithuba. Kodwa phambi kwayo inokukhokelela lowo ngokukhuhla ngamandla injini kuya kuphela ivili oko kuba ngci, nayo enye ziya ezisisigxina. Xa uvala amandla umahluko injini ziya kukhutshwa phakathi kweevili ezilingeneyo, yaye ngaloo ndlela isithuthi nga hlula xihinga.

Center zahlula efanayo kumgaqo le ntshukumo: ivumela ngaphambili asi angasemva ukuya ngezantya ezahlukeneyo kunye trajectories ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa kwezinye iimeko, oku ingxubakaxaka kulawulo: ukuba amavili ngaphambili i etyetyisiweyo, ngasemva iya kuba lutho. Itshixa umahluko iziko bebenoyilungisa ngempumelelo le ngxaki. SUV, eyaziwa ngokuba uphume kwawo kwancamisa, njengoko umthetho, baxhotyiswa nezitshixo ezintathu: nangasemva, ngaphambili umehluko iziko.

SUV ne ekunciphiseni iimpahla kunye lock

Okwangoku, kusekho abahloli off-kwendlela lenene, baxhotyiswa zonke izixhobo eziyimfuneko ukuze bazive bekhululekile kuzo zonke iindawo. Phakathi kwezi zimoto, umzekelo, afana Chevrolet Lena, Hummer H3, Land Rover Dicovery.

"Treylbleyzer" unomzimba omkhulu, isakhiwo isakhelo kwaye uluhlu olude yeenzuzo zobugcisa. It has a imbonakalo eliqaqambileyo enogonyamelo. Ngowe-2015, le ndlela uye Uhlaziyo kakuhle kakhulu kuzo zombini umphandle nezobugcisa "Akunakuba." Ukumiswa uthambile, kodwa oku yaye kuzisa ukunqongophala ezithile zolawulo lemoto: roll ezincinane kubonakala ngexesha amathuba ezibukhali. Car emehlweni umgangatho ukhwele ukuba uyakwazi ukunika phambi iseti epheleleyo iinkqubo eziyimfuneko.

Ngoku siye imodeli Melika umnqobi off-kwendlela - "Hammer". Xa intliziyo imveliso yeli qela moto kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe becala emkhosini. Akumangalisi ukuba unako ukwenza SUV yokwenene kubulawa. imveliso Series wayeka naye kwakhona ngo-2010 kwaye kwabhengezwa kunyaka ophelileyo ukuba Hummer H3 ifumaneka kuphela ngokomyalelo okhethekileyo. Auto iyahluka ukucoca omkhulu emhlabeni, injini ezinkulu, amavili ezinkulu, banxibe ngo amavili off-endleleni, yaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, lixhotyiswe enye yezona ndlela kwe ngesantya esiphantsi kwaye lock, apho abolekwe kushishino yomkhosi.

"Discovery" yenye yezona SUV ezimbalwa British abagcina isakhiwo isakhelo. Yena a imbonakalo nje eqaqambileyo, kodwa intuthuzelo nayo yonyuswa kunye uphume. Uluhlu injini nangona ukhetho sisityebi, kunoko ukhangela 'umxhelo. Uyivale kufumaneka ngeendlela eziliqela, yaye auto inama drive-wheel ezine elungileyo. Ukuthembeka nomgangatho imoto iyamangalisa ngokwenene.

Ezi ezimotweni ongasebenza ngempumelelo kwimeko ezidolophini, kodwa ikamva labo oyinyaniso oomatshini elikhulu inzima - off-kwendlela a real. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba ezi zithuthi ngeke ingqalelo iindleko, yaye baxhotyiswe uluhlu olude iimpawu asihambelani ukusetyenziswa kwiindlela ogangathiweyo kwijeep.

Types downshift

Njengoko amagiya zokunciphisa iimpethu esetyenzisiweyo, akufane zezindlu kunye iplanethi yethu. Gear worm yenye iigiyeri eziyi- kunye ezidibanayo nasezierheni imigodi. Movement kuwo yenziwa kwisibini iqhosha lemenyu. Iimpawu eziphambili kwayo ingxolo aphantsi ngenxa iimpawu uthethathethwano, ukusebenza iphantsi kakhulu, ubungakanani encinane kunye nomlinganiselo nezixhobo enkulu. Xa kuthelekiswa ne eqhutywa gear gear worm ibonelela ngobuqhophololo ngcono. Olu hlobo yokosulela abe isakhono enkulu kakhulu ukwanda torque nesantya ukuhla ngaphezu kwezinye iintlobo amagiya gear. Spur gear ezisetyenziswa ezisebenza umngxuma ngaxeshanye. Ngokuba lo hlobo kufuna ukuchaneka ophezulu ngenxa iimpawu zoyilo.

Amagiya zinokuthenjwa yaye ixesha elide, ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba umthwalo avumelekile, oko ukuba iingxaki kangangokuba ngesantya esiphezulu, kwindlela abe nezinga eliphezulu ingxolo okhankanywe, yaye andikwazi nezimo ukuphendula umthwalo yokutshintsha. Iintlobo ngeentlobo amagiya langa. Baye amagiya ngezixengxe movable. Ezinjalo unikezelo ube nelitye ephantsi, lula kompanovki, xa kuthelekiswa ne-amagiya eqhelekileyo ukuvelisa ingxolo ngaphantsi, kwaye Ukuphandwa ngokufumaneka ngawona zothumelo. Kubakho iingxaki ukuze kuchazwe inani elikhulu izahlulo, iimfuno ngqo ezifuna kunye nokuveliswa zanda.