Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin: A Biography

Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili - enye amanani kwezopolitiko ixakayo zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Ithe ke yakuba ilondele ingqalelo, kwaye abaninzi ngoku bakholelwa ukuba uzwilakhe kunye despot, ethiyiwe yaye bethandwa ngexesha elifanayo.

Stalin - ngobomi bakhe akukho lula, kwaye baninzi lwemiba ayo ahlale imfihlakalo mbali. Bakhe indlela yokuphila izihlandlo eziliqela wavele yatshintsha indlela yayo. Nzima, umntu onamandla-unothanda, ukuba iqubude phambi nobunzima - yiloo nto iosif Stalin. Biography iyichaza zonke iintlobo zabantu. I. V. Dzhugashvili wabekwa icala ngokunxulumene "abecuphi 'asebukhosini ungumngcatshi. Kodwa ke, phezu kwayo yonke, eSoviet Union waba ephakamileyo yamandla ayo kwezoqoqosho kwezomkhosi ekuqaleni kwesiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XX, kunye negalelo elikhulu kakhulu oko Stalin wenza. biography elifutshane, thaca ngezantsi, abakwazi ukuba abe nako ukuchaza ngokupheleleyo italente kule ndoda.

NgoDisemba 18, 1878 kwilali encinane Georgian of gori iosif Stalin wazalwa. Kwiminyaka elishumi, wangena sobufundisi, apho wazibonakalisa ngesandla ilungileyo, yaye iingcebiso kootitshala kwiminyaka eli-16 ndaya kufunda sobufundisi Tiflis.

Ngowe-1897, i-Dzhugashvili oselula bafunda Marxism. Ukususela ngoko Isiphelo sakhe wayeqalisa zinokutshintsha ngephanyazo. emva konyaka omnye, ngoAgasti 1898, waba lilungu "Mesame Dasi" - umbutho encinane Social-Democratic, kwaye ekwindla ka-1901 IV Dzhugashvili waba lilungu isixeko wekomiti RSDLP Tbilisi. Apho wathabatha igama Koba imbeko omnye Amaqhawe inoveli Aleksandra Kazbegi. Emva yesibini Party Congress okuququzelela liqhekeke, iqela zahlulwe phakathi iiBolsheviks kunye Mensheviks. Koba wathabatha icala lokuqala, imigaqo kunye nezithethe.

Party amaqabane kwachazwa Stalin njengoko revolution kwezinto: kwakuba kubalulekile kuye ngakumbi, yaye abantu njengendlela kuphela esiphelweni. Iyazazi Lenin, owenzeka ngo-1905, ibe abayibonayo elibi kuye: Stalin ndadana oyinhloko njengomntu. Ngo-1917, inxalenye enkulu yabemi Russia uye ibikhuthaza intshukumo yamaBolshevik. Ngelo xesha, Stalin kunye Kamenev badlulela iphephandaba "PRAVDA".

Ebudeni War Civil , Stalin wamisela intloko prodotdela kwelasezantsi. Ukudideka imfazwe yamakhaya wavumela Kobe ukuba aphazamise phantse naluphi izisombululo zomkhosi. Stalin waba nani likhulu awayeqhelene - zombini iqela lasekuhlaleni kunye neenkokheli Soviet.

Urhulumente waseSoviet Dzhugashvili sele wangena isithuba Abantu Commissar for kwiintlanga. Umnqweno lwakhe lonke amandla kuye kwakhokelela yempixano amaninzi neenkokeli Georgia and Ukraine.

Ngowe-1922, uStalin wathabatha nesithuba sikanobhala jikelele. Emva V. I. Lenina ukufa, Koba wema phambi kwabantu angene ezihlangwini zakhe. Njengokuba wabahlangulayo intetho afe, wathi, anayo egameni Party kunye nabantu. Yayame abahlobo ukuba Koba ukuba kwizikhundla eziphezulu izixhobo zolawulo lweli lizwe.

Ekubeni ezingamaduna eliphikisayo, Stalin baphosa yonke imikhosi yazo ekusasazeni socialism kulo lonke ihlabathi. Abantu ekuqondeni wakhe pawns. Kwakufuneka ukuba mhlawumbi afe okanye ukwenza umsebenzi. inkqubo kwakhe collectivization yabangela igagasi uqhankqalazo. nabalimi bawagqogqa babehlanganisene imigulukudu, waya ehlathini.

Ngokunjalo ke wayiqhubela Stalin kunye nomzabalazo yezopolitiko. Yonke intetho ukuqinisa of uqala kuye post yakhe kwaziswa XVII Congress of the CPSU (b). Kwakhona Wanikelwa kunye negama laseKirov. Kwaba ngosuku lokuqala yasebusika 1931 udubule waqhekeza ubomi bomntu, nto leyo endaweni Stalin post yakhe. Umsolwa Koba ababandezeli babo endala - Zinoviev kunye Kamenev.

Lwaqala ngemva kule nkqubo, ebizwa njalo-ihlanjululwe abachaphazelekayo abantu ezine ukuya kwizigidi ezintlanu, kubo malunga ne-10 ekhulwini shot. "Population" Nqabakazi Gulag ngelo xesha-13 ezigidi. Man. Ngokuchasene imvelaphi ezi ziganeko badumise igama Stalin likaThixo. Kuye ukudunyiswa ngumsindisi labantu; kukho ekuthiwa- lehlelo ubuntu.

Ngo-1939, ukucocwa sele sigqityiwe, Stalin waphethulela ingqalelo yakhe nkqubo angaphandle. USSR wadibana ukhetho: ukuya rapprochement neBritani kunye neFransi, ezo usondele nokundihoy ukuba wedwa okanye ukuba zithetha-thethane Hitler. Le ndlela yokugqibela yaba kuFeliks. War ilahlwa kwi iminyaka emibini. Kuqaliswe uqeqesho kubasebenzi emkhosini, ngoko kutyhilwa iziphumo zokuqala zokucoca, wabonakaliswa ukunqongophala umyalelo ophezulu. rearmament lwaqhutywa kancinci, izityalo kakuhle kuphela imveliso entsha.

Imfazwe kunkqonkqoza ngokupheleleyo IV Dzhugashvili evela kwingoma, ngexesha ngenyanga yomkhosi wakhe phantse akukho zobunkokeli. Ngelo xesha Stalin lekile, waba Ndothuka kakhulu kwengqondo. Kwafuneka ukuba basebenze iiyure ezili-18 ngosuku, ubuso bakhe akutsalwa, umlinganiswa uye waba nomsindo kwaye ocaphuka msinya. Ukungabi lokulwa elungileyo, wafundiswa zhukov, Shaposhnikov kunye nezinye ngqwayi izisekelo ubuciko bokulwa. Emva kokuba uloyiso yiSoviet phezu iJamani yamaNazi iinkokheli zabantu, njengoko yayibizwa Stalin, kwakusekho ezinye epithets eliqaqambileyo:. "Yinkokeli kakhulu," "iqhinga osisilumko"

Le Noloyiso kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II yaba apogee umsebenzi Stalin kaThixo. Ngokuthe ngcembe, ingakumbi emva kweminyaka asixhenxe wentlokoma, yena waqala badlule. Uye uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, amayelenqe kunye noloyiko yaba mania. Akazange avume ukuba oogqirha bakhe, ngenxa yokuba izikhohlakali zingamoyiki kubathemba waza Ababengabahlonele. luvo folokohlo sentliziyo yabangela ukufa Iosifa Vissarionovicha Stalina eneminyaka engama-75.

Iosif Stalin - ngobomi bakhe uya ngokupheleleyo kubhalwa kwakhona, igama lakhe kugalela udaka uze unyuke a lot of yeentsomi, ebhenca loo mntu ungumntu ombi. Kodwa ukuba kunjalo, abantu abaye baphila hayi kwilizwe ihlwempu ezichithakeleyo ukubangisana, ndamgqibela amagama abo kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathini lonke. Kwinkulungwane XX akwaba sabakho kuqina "olusebenzayo" inkokeli lizwe, kunokuba Stalin. engobomi bakhe ethi, ebhalwe Arsen Martirosian, iphelisa ezininzi zeemposiso ngobomi nezenzo lo mntu. Walawula gadalala, kodwa afuna ixesha ngenkohlakalo. Xa ubomi Koba yokuba iimpazamo ezininzi, yaye inkoliso yabo zahlawulwa igazi labantu abaqhelekileyo. Kodwa ukusuka kwilizwe wonakele, wakha ukubangisana enkulu, uloyiso kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II yaye ukulungele ukuba spacewalk.