Ion injini - imimango ezintsha space

Le ndoda iye emajukujukwini ngokusebenzisa iinjini ngexabiso kunye amafutha kunye aqinileyo. Kodwa ezibizwa ngokuba wathandabuza impumelelo vaakelani va. Ukuba bambalwa kakhulu iziphekepheke ubuncinane "catch 'ukuba ukujikeleza koMhlaba, oko imvelaphi inyuselwa khona irula ubungakanani ezihamba ngaphezulu. Kwaye ke enomjukujelwa ngokwayo, enyanisweni, oku itanki ophaphazelayo, isabelo ingonyama ngayo ubunzima yayo igcinelwe isibaso. Xa zonke ingasetyenziswa ukuhla lokugqibela, ababekhwele kweso sikhephe ihlala supply ngamandla.

Ukuze ukuba zizakuwela umva Earth, Space Station International rhoqo kuphakamisa yayo orbit ukubetha iinjini jet. Zidliwe ngabo - malunga 7.5 iitoni - izihlandlo eziliqela ngonyaka, beninikela iinqanawa ezenzekelayo. Kodwa endleleni eya Mars, ngoko yokugalela amafutha ezithuthi kungalindelekanga. Nokuba lixesha lokuba kuthi ndlela-ntle kwizikim lixesha nokuba sinikele ingqalelo injini ion advanced ngakumbi?

Ukuze ukuwenza umsebenzi, izixa wempambano amafutha kuza kufuneka. igesi kuphela kunye nombane. Umbane iveliswa esithubeni ngokuthi ulungiso yemisebe ukukhanya kwelanga solar panel. I kude ekukhanyeni, amandla ngaphantsi, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba basebenzise ngakumbi zamandla zenyukliya. Negesi inikezelwa kwigumbi yokutsha zaseprayimari, apho olufumana electron kunye insimbi. I-plasma ebandayo ngenxa ithunyelwe njengomlilo, uze emva koko - in umlomo nosiba ukuze lisasazwe. Ion injini lilo wazikhuphulula kwezo evuthayo plasma kunye ngezantya ayifumaneki iinjini rocket oluqhelekileyo. Kwaye kwisiphekepheke lithe efunekayo inkxaso.
Umgaqo operation elula ukuze ukwazi kuqokelela ion injini demo ngezandla zabo. Ukuba electrode na ngohlobo pre-zokulinganisa vane, ekhwele phezu kwencochoyi inaliti kwaye asebenzise ombane aphezulu emancamini usiko electrode kubonakala ukukhanya blue eveliswa kuzihlutha kunye electron. seyiphelelwe yabo sinokudala amandla reaction ababuthathaka, electrode uqala ku gqiba nge.

Awu, iinjini ion kufuneka ahlabe ukuze ulusizana ukuba ayeke kwisiphekepheke phezu kwenyanga, singasathethi ke ekuqaleni emhlabeni. Oku kakhulu ngokucacileyo ukuba thelekisa iinqanawa ezimbini, baya Mars. Ethunyelwa nge-injini lwelo kuqala flight emva kwemizuzu embalwa ukukhawulezisa olunzulu kwaye bachitha ixesha elincinci kancinane kwi inhibition ye-Red Planet. Ethunyelwa nge-injini ion kukhawulezisa iinyanga ezimbini ngokucothayo imicu isantya, kwaye efanayo ulindele kuye kummandla Mars ...
Kodwa injini ion ifumene isicelo sayo: lixhotyiswe ngothotho iziphekepheke yaqonda wathumela kwisibhambathiso kwesimo ixesha elide ukuya iiplanethi kufutshane kwaye ezikude langa, ibhanti asteroid.

Ion injini - ufudo efanayo likufikela i Achilles elikhawulezayo-ukulucanda ingalucandi kubini. Ukusebenzisa zonke amafutha ngemizuzu, ulwelo luba injini cwaka uba engento ngonaphakade, kwaye isiqwenga yentsimbi. A plasma unako ukusebenza iminyaka. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba baza kuxhotyiswa kwisiphekepheke yokuqala, apho ukuhamba ngesantya sub-light Alpha Centauri - inkwenkwezi elikufutshane Earth. Kuthathwa ukuba moya kuya kuthatha iminyaka 15-20 kuphela.