Inkqubo yemfundo China: Inkcazelo kuphuhliso

China - lilizwe mihla ethembisayo, nto leyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje unesigxina phambili nje kuphela kurhwebo lwehlabathi, kodwa kwicandelo inkcubeko kunye nenzululwazi. Kweli nqaku uza kufunda phinda indlela inkqubo yemfundo e China ukususela kumaxesha amandulo ukuya namhlanje. Siya kunixelela ukuba malunga zedyunivesithi ibalulekileyo lizwe kunye malunga nendlela abasemzini bangabhalisela kuzo.

Education in China yamandulo

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, amaTshayina avelana nantoni na enxulumene ngolwazi nokufunda. Ootitshala, oosonzululwazi, iingcali zefilosofi kunye iimbongi zathi nabantu ezifanelekileyo, ngokufuthi wayebambe izikhundla eziphakamileyo ngokwanelisayo kukarhulumente. Basic ulwazi abantwana bafumana kusapho - baye bafundiswa ukuba bahloniphe abantu abadala kwaye ulandele imigaqo yokuziphatha eluntwini. Kwiintsapho azizityebi nabantwana iminyaka emithathu wafundisa nokubhala kunye nolwazi lokubala. Ukususela kwiminyaka amakhwenkwe emithandathu waya esikolweni, apho wafunda ubuchule ilifa isixhobo, ekhwele, umculo nokubhala abalinganiswa Chinese. Kwizixeko ezikhulu, abafundi ukuba kudlula amanqanaba amabini imfundo - zamabanga aphezulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantwana bafunda le wabanumzana, abemi abazizityebi, ngenxa yeendleko uqeqesho phezulu ngokwaneleyo. Kwizikolo zasemaphandleni, abafundi bahlala kuba iincwadi imini yonke, wayengazi iiholide kunye nemidlalo. It lwalunqabile hayi ukohlwaya ngokubetha - endaweni iintyatyambo wazala abantwana kunjalo kakuhle intonga uqalo,, uqiniseke omhle. Nangona kunjalo, ukwazi ukuba afunyenwe kwi ezindongeni esikoleni kakhulu ezinqabileyo. Abafundi baxelelwa ukuba China - lonke ihlabathi, yaye abantwana ingcamango engacacanga eyenzekayo kumazwe angabamelwane ntoni. Kuyabonakala ukuba indlela amantombazana esikolweni-odolwe, njengoko balungiselela indima ngumfazi nonina losapho. Kodwa ke iintsapho amanene yamantombazana bafunda ukufunda nokubhala, umdaniso, ukudlala izixhobo zomculo, kunye ilifa kweentlobo ezithile izixhobo. Ngenxa popularization iimfundiso Confucius yemfundo imbali Chinese liyagungqa ukuya kwinqanaba elitsha. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala abafundi baphathwa ngembeko, wafundisa ukuba abuze imibuzo kwaye ufumane iimpendulo. Indlela entsha kwanceda ukukhuthaza intlonipho zenzululwazi zemfundo, kunye negalelo yokuba imfundo iye yaba yinxalenye yomgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente.

Inkqubo yemfundo China

Namhlanje, urhulumente weli lizwe omkhulu ukwenza, ukuze abemi bakwazi ukufunda. Oku nangona kukuba phakathi kwinkulungwane yokugqibela,-80% yabantu ukufunda. Ngenxa iinkqubo zikarhulumente kwilizwe ngokubanzi ngenkuthalo lokuvula izikolo, iikholeji zobugcisa kunye neeyunivesithi. Noko ke, ingxaki iyaqhubeka kwiindawo zasemaphandleni, apho abantu baphile kwizithethe zamandulo. Eyona iphambili yezemfundo China kukuba imfundo kuwo onke amanqanaba, zifumaneka simahla. Le nkqubo ngokwayo efana kakhulu kulowo Russian. Oko kukuthi iminyaka emithathu amatakane ubudala ukuya abancinane, iminyaka emithandathu yesikolo, kwaye emva kokuba igqityiwe kwikholeji okanye kwisikolo sokufundela. Cinga onke amanyathelo zolwimi ngokunzulu.

imfundo Pre-school in China

Njengoko usazi, iintsapho ezininzi kweli lizwe ukhulisa umntwana omnye. Kungenxa yoko le nto abazali bayavuya ukuba abantwana zikhule kwiqela a bantwana. Baby imiyezo Chinese zahlulwe zibe karhulumente kunye nawabucala. Ekuqaleni eninzi ingqwalaselo ihlawulwe ukulungiselela esikolweni, kwaye okwesibini - uphuhliso ubuchule bokuyila. Imisebenzi eyongezelelweyo efana efana umdaniso nomculo badla bahlawulwe ngokwahlukeneyo. Uninzi ukwazi ukuba abantwana enkulisa, enokusetyenziswa in practice. Umzekelo, baya kufunda ukuba batyale baze bakhathalele kubo. Kunye utitshala afunde ukuba ukupheka kwaye ukulungisa iimpahla. Indlela yokuqala kwimfundo, sinako ukubona uthungelwano eziguqulweyo yabucala "Junín". Iqela lonke lootitshala phantsi kobunkokheli nguSihlalo Wang Huning eyenzelwe abantwana kwikharityhulam omnye.

School e China

Ngaphambi kokungena abantwana kwibanga lokuqala bangenele inani leemvavanyo, kwaye emva koko zifakwe kumsebenzi esinzulu. It ayenzi umnyinyiva ukuba nkqu nabafundi mncinane, yaye abazali basoloko ukuqesha tutors. imfundo School e China yakhiwe ukuze abantwana kufuneka njalo bakhuphisane ukuze engcono. Ngoko ke, akumangalisi ukuba umthwalo kuzo zonke iiklasi mikhulu. Ekupheleni kwibakala lesixhenxe, bonke abafundi iimviwo, nto leyo eza kuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana ukulungele ukuba imfundo ephakamileyo. Ukuba akunjalo, ngoko ke indlela kwizifundo phambili, yaye kamva ukuba umsebenzi ophambili, iza kuvalwa. Ngaphambi kokungena abafundi baseyunivesithi abangalupasanga uviwo karhulumente enobunye, ibanjwa ilizwe liphela ngexesha elifanayo (Ngendlela, le ngcamango ebolekiweyo kwaye iphunyezwe ngempumelelo kwi Russia). Nyaka ngamnye, abantu abaninzi ngakumbi Chinese zidlule ngempumelelo iimviwo ukuba iiyunivesithi ezidumileyo ehlabathini jikelele. ngovuyo amukela, ngenxa yokuba aba bafundi abakhuthele kakhulu kwaye ziyaqokelelwa ukufunda nzulu kakhulu.

Njengoko ngokunjalo namanye amaziko emfundo China, izikolo zikarhulumente kuphela kodwa ngasese. Abafiki zibhalise kuyo nayiphi na kuzo, ewatyhutyhile iimviwo eziyimfuneko. Xa kwisikolo sabucala isenzo, njengoko umthetho, kulula kakhulu, yaye maxa wambi uqeqesho luqhutywa ngeelwimi ezimbini (omnye wabo IsiNgesi). Kukho esikolweni eTshayina ngesiTshayina Russian kunye, kwaye ibekwe kwisixeko Yining.

imfundo Secondary

Njengoko eRashiya, kukho izikolo yezandla ukuba kuqeqeshwe abafundi okhethiweyo umsebenzi. Eyona ndlela iphambili emfundo aphakamileyo e-China - kuba ezolimo, amayeza, nomthetho, ekhemisti njalo njalo. Iminyaka emithathu okanye emine, abantu abaselula kumsebenzi kwaye uqalise ukusebenza. Oonyana bolunye uhlanga ezifunyenweyo kwezi zikolo, ngomnyaka wokuqala inkosi ulwimi, nazo zonke ezinye ixesha anikezele izifundo zabo.

imfundo ephakamileyo

Eli lizwe inani elikhulu zeeyunivesithi oluntu ukwamkela abafundi ngokungqinelana iziphumo zeemviwo zesikolo. Imfundo lihlawulwe, kodwa amaxabiso asezantsi kakhulu. Noko ke, abahlali basemaphandleni wayedla le mali ikhangeleka ngathi inkulu, kwaye kunyanzeleke ukuba athathe Uboleke emfundo. Ukuba umqeqeshwa emva kokuphumelela uyavuma ukubuyela ekude, ngoko buyela imali akazange abe. Ukuba ezinkulu nezicwangciso ukuqala ishishini esixekweni, ityala kuya kufuneka ubuyele ngokupheleleyo. imfundo ephakamileyo e China ifumaneka kuye nawuphi na umfundi amazwe iye yaluphumelela uvavanyo ulwimi. Ngaphezu koko, yena uyakwazi ukukhetha nkqubo IsiNgesi, efundisa yaseTshayina ngaxeshanye. Ukwenzela ukuba kulungiselelwe kukhubazeko nokulungiswa abafundi ezinjalo, badla vula uqeqesho uqeqesho kwizifundo zolwimi. A nonyaka okanye emibini uqeqesho umfundi angaya zemfundo ezizodwa.

iiyunivesithi

Cinga kwiiyunivesithi ethandwa kwaye zindala alo ilizwe:

• Peking University - Liziko indala kwezemfundo kweli lizwe kwisithili Haydan, enye yeendawo ezininzi ezintle zomhlaba. imiyezo emangalisayo, nto leyo ngaphambili ebeyinalo indlu yasebukhosini, yenza zikhumbuleka kwiindwendwe. campus Sam kuquka emfundo izakhiwo, zokulala, cafes, iindawo zokutyela, iivenkile kunye namaziko zolonwabo. Ithala leencwadi lasekuhlaleni yeyona inkulu e-Asia.
• Fudan University - enye lidala kweli lizwe. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka endaweni yenkqubo 'amanqanaba' Wabonisa ukuba loo ndlela isebenzayo. Ukongeza, ootitshala besikolo ephakamileyo usukelo ukuvula isakhono lwabafundi, ukukhokela iitalente abatsha kwi inkonzo yelizwe labo.
• Tsinghua University - enye iyunivesithi ephambili yobugcisa eTshayina, nto leyo kwakhona zibandakanyiwe ezilikhulu yunivesithi ziphambili ehlabathini. Phakathi abafundi bakhe izazinzulu ezininzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle, abezopolitiko kunye namanani oluntu.

isiphelo

Njengoko ubona, indlela yemfundo China iyafana kakhulu ukuba lowo wenza abafundi eRashiya. Sinethemba lokuba uya kuza iinkcukacha efikeleleka ezigcinwe zoqhagamshelwano ukuba ufune ukuba umfundi omnye amaziko emfundo eli lizwe.