Inkqubo earthing Main

Umntu owaziyo kancinane malunga zobunjineli yombane, kusenokubonakala ngathi ukuba zonke izakhiwo zokuhlala usebenzise izikimu distribution amandla efanayo: lezo ezimbini iingcingo, iiswitshi kunye neziseko.
Noko ke, kokukhona ezintsonkothileyo, kunye nento yokuba ingqondo - nje "isesisiqalo." Akhoyo iisekethe unikezelo lwamandla zahlukile enye kwenye, kuqala kwiinto zonke, indlela oyicinezelayo zesityalo okuvelisa kunye nezixhobo kwicala umthengi. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba iinkqubo earthing ezahlukeneyo. Nangona ayicacanga, eli nqanaba ibaluleke kakhulu.

Okwangoku, ngokubanzi inkqubo isiseko basic ezintathu - iintlobo ze-IT, TN, TT, kunye nezakhi zayo. Olu phawu kakhulu ulwazi, kodwa kuphela kulo mzekelo, ukuba uyakwazi ukususa njani.

inkqubo emhlabeni ekhona

Le nkcazelo ibhekisela elinye okanye uqwalaselo grid ekhona, sithabathela ingqalelo ngobuwena zisebenzisa oyicinezelayo izixhobo isiphelo umsebenzisi ibandakanyiwe njengoko ucingo emhlabeni kunye nomgca zero, kwakunye nokuba cala lihlala. Oko kukuthi, lo mbono iambrela. Kuxhomekeka indibanisela ezi zinto, kukho iiklasi ezintathu.

Enye yezinto eziphambili - le TN. Kuyinto segama Terre Neutre, leyo kuguqulelwa kwi-French njengoko earthed cala.

It is a enengqondo TN-C. Apha, i "C" imela "Unalo". Ngokungafaniyo odlulileyo ukuba locingo cala nozinzo zidityaniswe zibe umgca enye. Olu phawu ikuvumela ukunciphisa inani imigca ebekwe, kodwa kwimeko ukuphazanyiswa ngocingo kwiimeko zifakiwe kwi-network izixhobo livela amandla ombane, nto leyo eyingozi. Noko ke, maxa wambi indlela eso sisetyenziselwa kungekho weengcibi abanezakhono ucingo flat umhlaba wesithathu: emakrolomeni phakathi zero kunye earthing zoqhagamshelwano Oxhumayo ibekwe. inkqubo isisekelo enjalo Kucetyiswa ukuba isetyenziswe kwiimeko ezimbini:

- ayikho enye indlela kwezixhobo komhlaba;

- kumgca leyo Ukongezelela ezikhuselweyo isixhobo nokukhubeka RCDs.

I ngqo malunga ukuhlanganiswa - a TN-S (ukusuka «eyahlukileyo» - split). It zero nomhlaba imigca ezahlukeneyo.

Okulandelayo inkqubo eziphambili - a TT. Ngokokwakheka imele imigca ezimbini ezizimeleyo isiseko: omnye Yaphathana ecaleni sombane, yaye okwesibini - nkonzo.

Ekugqibeleni, omnye iinketho ezininzi inokuthenjwa thaca IT inkqubo apho imigca cala emajukujukwini, zabakho ke zonke ezo umzimba zombane nkonzo ngokukhuselekileyo nisekelwe. Ngenxa ye ukuvuza yangoku yendalo babambanayo mncinci kakhulu, yaye enoba ngengozi wabetha umntu phantsi inyathelo kukho ingozi sombane ezinokwenzeka ayikho, eshiya emhlabeni. Kule meko kubalulekile ukulawula ixabiso uxhathiso.

Ukuze nayiphi na inkqubo nibonwe ulawulo ukuba uxhathiso earthing aluyi kuba ngaphezu kwe ohms 4. Ngoko ke, nayiphi na inkqubo, ukususela isikhonkwane isiseko kunye iingcingo ophela neendawo uxhulumaniso, ikhangelwe lokuthobela nale mfuno.