Inani labemi eyomeleleyo boMhlaba

Working-oluntu - yinxalenye yabantu ekwaziyo data nokomzimba nasengqondweni ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yabasebenzi. Le yingqokelela ubukhulu becala abantu abasebenza-ubudala. ERashiya, Bubo ke obu kwabasetyhini ukusuka kwiminyaka eli-16 ukuya kuma-54 emadodeni - ukususela kwiminyaka eli-16 ukuya kuma-59. ubudala Ukusebenza inokwahluka kumazwe ngamazwe ngokomthetho kwaye ixhomekeke izithethe ezikhoyo kunye nemiqathango yomthetho.

Iinkcukacha-manani hlabathi abemi eyomeleleyo kucingelwa ukuba kweminyaka eli-15 - 64 ngonyaka. Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwabemi abaziingcali, 1970 isabelo sabantu yokusebenza ubudala accounted for malunga-58% yabantu ehlabathini. Xa kumazwe aphuhlileyo we-West, eli nani ifikelela 65%.

Kukho kwakhona ingqikelelo yabasebenzi, kodwa oko akuthethi kuhlawula kuphela uluhlu yobudala ethile, kodwa kuquka iimpawu zobungcali kunye isiqinisekiso.

labantu Ukusebenza-yobudala luphawulwa ngeempawu quantitative and qualitative. kuqamba ubuninzi ujongwa labantu bebonke, izinga lokukhula kunye nokukhula elililo lwe kwenani labantu abasebenzayo. Icandelo esemgangathweni luphawulwa Iimpawu zomzimba - kubume bentlalo kunye umthamo kunye nomgangatho wemfundo kunye noqeqesho. Phantsi nokuqashwa ibhekisa nokukwazi uhlobo oluthile ethile umsebenzi ufuna uqeqesho olulodwa.

I esebenzayo kwezoqoqosho abemi kweli lizwe - yabemi kwabasebenzi abaqeshwe lokuvelisa kunye namacandelo non-mveliso. Oku kuquka abangaqeshwanga, okt. E. Abo uyakwazi kwaye uzimisele ukusebenza kwaye befuna esebenzayo yengqesho.

labantu Working-yobudala lukhula kulo lonke ihlabathi ezi ntsuku ikakhulu ngenxa kumazwe soqoqosho olusakhulayo. Ngokutsho phambili iinkampani zokugaya kwihlabathi-2030, abemi bayo uya kunyuka nge-21%. Kulo mzekelo, ukwanda engundoqo (malunga 930 ezigidi abantu) zizakusebenza eIndiya, eNigeria, Pakistan, Indonesia, Latin America kunye Afrika.

Inani labemi abayisebenzisayo amazwe aseYurophu uqoqosho eziphuhliswe luphawulwa ithambekele ukwaluphala kunye ukudiliza. Banyanzelisa imfuneko sithembele abasebenzi abangaphezu kweminyaka 60 kwandisa umhlala-phantsi. Iinkampani kufuneka siphuhlise aba basebenzi ngokutsha ezizodwa, kwakunye nobuchwepheshe ukuba ukhathalelo lwempilo.

labantu yokusebenza-age Russian kwakhona kuvame ekuncitshisweni ngokuthe ngcembe. Iingcali ukuqikelela ukuba ngo-2030 inani bancipha ngabantu phantse 17 million. Russia ihamba uluhlu lwe mazwe 25 apho ngenxa meko intsonkothe ngokwedemografi icetyelwe ukwehla inkulu labantu abasebenzayo. indawo yesibini iya eJapan. Iingcali ukuxela ilahleko yabantu bayo 13 million ubudala ukusebenza.

Kwakhona kolu luhlu Germany (8 million), Ukraine (6 million), Poland (3.9 mln. Abantu). Ukwandisa inani labantu yokusebenza-ubudala ingakumbi e-Indiya (malunga nezigidi 240 abantu ngowama-2030), Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh (ngokulandelelanayo, 62, 54, 34 million). Kumazwe aphuhlileyo, ukwanda kakhulu kwabemi kulindeleke eUnited States - abantu abali-18 million ..

Kungekudala La mazwe aya kuba abo basweleyo ngamandla ukuze ukutsala iingcali abafanelekayo kakhulu. Oorhulumente kumazwe afana UK, USA, Singapore kunye Australia wadala iimeko ezithandwa kakhulu zokutsala neengcali angaphandle ngenxa nkqubo kwamanye ezikrelekrele kunye nomgangatho wobomi.

Inani labemi yokusebenza ukwaluphala, ngenxa apho oorhulumente abaninzi baye isigqibo ukukhulisa umhlala-phantsi. EJapan, ubudala wayeneminyaka engama-65 ngo-2006, e-Brazil zivalwa - ngo-2003 (kwiminyaka engama-60 kwabasetyhini kunye 65 abantu). Amanye amazwe (umzekelo, UK) yamkela inani imithetho ethintela ubudala calulo umhlala-phantsi yabasebenzi kwaye ubavumele ukuba bahlale imisebenzi yabo.