Impahla ukukhuhlana: Iimfuno ngokhetho

izixhobo imveliso Advanced na isakhiwo entsonkothileyo kakhulu. iindlela ukukhuhlana edlulisa isiphakamiso ngokusebenzisa kunobunye. Kusenokuba bamba, okubamba, iziqhoboshi kunye unclenching.

Ukuba izixhobo ixesha elide, esebenza ngaphandle kwemitshini, izixhobo zakhe abeke phambili iimfuno ezizodwa. Baya ikhula rhoqo. Emva kokuba bonke oomatshini kunye nezixhobo isoloko ngcono. Ukwandisa amandla, isantya zawo zokusebenza kunye umthwalo. Ngoko ke, izinto ezahlukeneyo zochuku ezisetyenziswa inkqubo yokusebenza kwazo. umgangatho yabo ixhomekeke ukuthembeka elide lwezixhobo. Kwezinye iimeko, le miba le nkqubo ixhomekeke ukhuseleko kunye nokuphila kwabantu.

iimpawu ngokubanzi

izinto ukukhuhlana - kukho izinto ebalulekileyo lweendibano kunye neendlela banayo ikhono lokunciphisa amandla koomatshini kwaye uthothe kwi indawo. Ngaloo zonke iziqalelo zoyilo kufuneka iguge ngokukhawuleza. Ukulungiselela le njongo, izinto thaca ilifa iipropati ezithile.

'Ngumlingani ka zochuku ngezixhobo zochuku kufuneka oluzinzileyo phezulu. Isalathisi iyahlala nayo iyafuneka ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomsebenzi. Le mathiriyeli enokumelana okuhle ubushushu kwaye akukho sengozini ntshikilelo ngoomatshini.

Le into ukwenza umsebenzi ukukhuhlana, ukuba ingaxuthi i iindawo zokusebenzela, oko sinikezwe iipropati ezaneleyo adhesion. Zizo zonke ezi mihlaba eqinisekisa ukusebenza eqhelekileyo izixhobo kunye neenkqubo.

iimpawu ezibonakalayo

Izinto ukukhuhlana abe iseti ethile iipropati. Ezona ziphambili zidweliswe ngasentla. Le mfanelo nkonzo. Bona chaza iimpawu zokusebenza kweziyobisi ngamnye.

Kodwa zonke iimpawu zenkonzo kubangelwa iseti izikhombisi emzimbeni, mechanical kunye teplostaticheskih. Ezi parameters ziyahluka ngexesha lokusebenza umbandela. Kodwa ixabiso sabo kuthathelwa ingqalelo kwinkqubo yokhetho zezinto kunobunye.

Kukho icandelo iipropati namanani engatshintshiyo, onamandla nabanamava. Iqela lokuqala parameters zinxulumene umda ucinezelo amandla, eguqa, bazolulela. Kwakhona iquka ubushushu, conductivity thermal kunye nokwandiswa yomgama lo mbandela.

Iimpawu echazwe kwiimeko onamandla, isikhundla njengoko ukunganyangeki ubushushu, ukumelana ubushushu. Kwiimeko zovavanyo ebekwe zochuku lomlingani, anxibe ukumelana kunye nozinzo.

iindidi zezixhobo

izinto ukuxabana kunye nenkqubo waqhekeza clutch ngokufuthi eveliswa kwi sobhedu okanye intsimbi esekelwe. Iqela lesibini kwezinto ezisetyenziswa kwiimeko eziphakamileyo umthwalo, ingakumbi ukuze ivuse owomileyo. izinto zobhedu zisetyenziswa imithwalo eliphakathi kunye nokukhanya. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba ezifanelekileyo bobabini ngenxa ukukhuhlana owomileyo neencindi ethambisayo xa iqatyiwe.

Xa iimeko mihla zemathiriyeli zemveliso ngokubanzi asetyenziswe irabha kunye nentlaka esekelwe. Kwakhona, fillers ezahlukeneyo ukuze isetyenziswe macandelo ebuntsimbi and non-zalo.

enkulu isicelo

Kukho ukuhlelwa izinto ukukhuhlana, ngokuxhomekeke isicelo sabo. Iqela lokuqala luquka izixhobo ezinkulu transmission. Le eliphakathi nejongelwe kwixesha lolayisho iindlela ezisebenza ngaphandle ukuthambisa ajikeleze.

Ngaphezu koko zabelwe ukukhuhlana iinkqubo eziphathekayo waqhekeza eliphakathi kwaye inzima-duty imishini. grease lisetyenziswa kwi kwezi ndawo.

Iqela lesithathu iquka izinto ezisetyenziswa kwi ahlanganiswa koomatshini phakathi kwaye inzima. Kuzo, neoli ekhoyo.

Kwakhona bodwa ezahlukeneyo izinto brake band apho igrisi ulwelo ekhoyo. Ipharamitha iphambili ndlela limisele ukhetho izinto kunobunye.

Umthwalo clutch usebenza kwi iziqalelo kwinkqubo 1 kunye wagaleleka - ukuya kwimizuzwana eyi-30. Eli nani ichaza iimpawu izinto nodes.

izinto zalo

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla apha, usukuzwano eziphambili izinto ebuntsimbi clutch waqhekeza na ngentsimbi nangobhedu. namhlanje ngentsimbi ethandwa kakhulu nentsimbi uphoswe.

Bona echaphazelekayo amalungiselelo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, izinto zochuku ukuba iphedi brake, apho ukwakheka iquka intsimbi, ngokufuthi kusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo kaloliwe. Akunamsebenzi lokoluka, kodwa kabukhali uphelelwa iimpawu zayo endiza kubushushu ka-400 ° C.

izinto Non-zalo

Zochuku clutch okanye waziqhekeza kwezixhobo wenza kwezinto nonmetallic. Zidalwa ezisekelwe ubukhulu becala asbestos (resin, yokuhlanganisa zerabha izinto).

Ngumlingani kunobunye ihlala lobushushu sezingeni eliphezulu ukuya 220 ° C. Ukuba resin Umatshini kuyinto material ebonakala ukuxhathisa eliphezulu banxibe. Kodwa lomlingani yazo noko esezantsi kunobunye xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinto ezifanayo. A imifanekiso ethandwayo lweplastiki ngokusekelwe kwizenzo ezinjalo retinax. Xa isakhiwo sayo kukho phenol-formaldehyde resin, asbestos, barite, kunye namanye amacandelo. Le nto iluncedo ukuba iindibano waqhekeza kunye neemeko ezinzima zokusebenza. Igcina iimpawu zayo kwanaxa ndinobushushu 1000 ° C. Ngoko retinax esebenzayo nkqu kwiinkqubo moya unyathela.

izinto asbestos iveliswa ngokudala inyama homonymous. It is buzane asphalt, irabha okanye Bakelite, kwaye zixinaniswe kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu. Imicu asbestos Mfutshane nazo zenze iphedi nonwoven. Besithi swarf. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngokuba amandla zafakwa kwi ngocingo zazo zibe zezobhedu lokuQala.

Frits

Kukho olunye uhlobo amacandelo inkqubo thaca ngayo. Le nkqubo sintered waqhekeza materials kunobunye. Ukuba lolu hlobo uya ziyacaca ukusuka indlela zemisebenzi yezandla zabo. Ngokufuthi zenziwa kwisiseko ngentsimbi. Ngexesha welding, ezinye sintered ngalo, inxalenye amacandelo. preform Pre-ubunjwe owakhiwa ngayo kwimixube lomgubo yathotyelwa kwimeko-lobushushu eliphezulu ukufudumeza.

izinto ezifana adla ngokusetyenziswa nje akhu- enzima-emsebenzini kunye neenkqubo wayaphula. ukusebenza kwabo eliphezulu asebenzayo zimiselwa ngamaqela amabini ohlukileyo eziyinxalenye. Izinto zokuqala zinika inomlingani ukukhuhlana elungileyo banxibe ukumelana, kwaye eyesibini - inqanaba eyaneleyo uzinzo kunye adhesion.

Materials ezisekelwe for ukukhuhlana owomileyo

Ukhetho neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo izinto isekelwe phezu kwezoqoqosho kunye zobugcisa iimveliso kunye nokusebenza. A eminyaka embalwa edlulileyo izinto ezinjalo kwemfuno rhoqo yentsimbi, njengokuba FMC-8, MKV-50A kunye QMS. Ukuxabana Imathiriyeli izikhuseli Wayaphula apho ezisebenza kwiinkqubo heavy-nemirhumo kamva ezenziwe PMA-11.

MKV-50A luphuhliso olutsha. Oku kusetyenziswa ekwenziweni linings ukuba disc iziqhoboshi. It has inzuzo phezu iqela MCF Umlinganiselo uzinzo, anxibe ukuxhathisa.

Iimveliso yanamhlanje kwakuxhaphakile izixhobo uhlobo QMS. Banda umxholo manganese. Kwakhona, le nto ndiyibhalayo khabhayithi kunye boron ephuculweyo, molybdenum disulfide kunye Karbid Kremniya.

Materials ngokusekelwe owomileyo ukukhuhlana ngobhedu

Iinkqubo transmission atyhoboza ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo ezibubungqina izinto zisekelwe etotini ngobhedu. Ziphantsi kakhulu banxibe iindawo ukusukelwa eyenziwe kwesinyithi okanye intsimbi, ngaphezu izinto zochuku qho yentsimbi.

Ukwazile ezahlukeneyo ngezinto ezisetyenziswayo, nkqu kushishino lweenqwelo le. Kuba iimeko ezizodwa yokusebenza ye tin buyisela izinto ezifana titanium, lesilicon, vanadium, esiyityhefu. Oku ke kuthintela le ukuyilwa nokumelana intercrystalline.

Materials ngokusekelwe tin yobhedu lisetyenziswa kwi Ushishino lweemoto ngokunjalo ekwenziweni koomatshini yezolimo. Bayakwazi ukumelana imithwalo enzima. Okubandakanywe 5-10% tin ingxubevange ibonelela kwandiswe amandla. Lead kunye grafayithi ukwenza into eqinileyo ekuthambiseni lesilicon dioxide okanye lesilicon ukwanda ukukhuhlana ingumlingani.

Ukusebenza iimeko ekuthambiseni elulwelo

Materials kusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezomileyo, kufuneka ethile ebalulekileyo. Baya zixhomekeke yokonakala ngokukhawuleza. Xa ahlaselwa kuzakuthothisa ukusuka kwiindawo esecaleni wancipha impumelelo yabo. Ngoko ke, kwiminyaka yakutshanje baba izinto ezifanayo ngakumbi enzelwe ukusetyenziswa ngeoli.

izixhobo ezifana luvulwa kakuhle, ebonakala ukuxhathisa eliphezulu banxibe. It is kalula ibande kwaye lula atywinwe.

Ekusebenzeni angaphandle ikhula esandula ukuveliswa imveliso efana zochuku sheet izinto ngenxa iziqhoboshi, zabase, kunye nezinye iindlela ezisekelwe kwi-asbestos. It is buzane ne resin. Isakhiwo ibandakanya izinto sibumba ezinomthamo aphezulu fillers yesinyithi.

Amaninzi, le eliphakathi esetyenziselwa yokuqaba imizimba sintered abunjiiweyo ukusuka zezobhedu. Ukuphucula iimpawu frictional, eziqinileyo ezingezo-ebuntsimbi ebiqaliswe kwi nokwakheka.

ekuphuculeni izakhiwo

Ukuphucuka lokuqala kufuneka banxibe ukumelana, leyo ilifa izinto zochuku. Kwi oku kuxhomekeke eli kwezoqoqosho kunye zokusebenza candelo. Kulo mzekelo, obu bugcisa iindlela ukuphelisa ubushushu kakhulu kwi imiphezulu zochuku. Ukuphucula le impahla umbandela zochuku, ukwakhiwa kwisixhobo, kwaye kananjalo nokulawula iimeko yokusebenza le.

Ukuba izinto ezisetyenziswa kwiimeko kunobunye owomileyo, egxininisa zabo amandla-lobushushu eliphezulu kunye nokumelana igcwala. izinto ezinjalo ngaphantsi singangena esirhabaxa uhlobo banxibe. Kodwa systems ukuxhathisa igrisi ubushushu umntu walukile, yonke into eninzi. Ngoko ke, ingqalelo ngakumbi ihlawulwe amandla abo.

Njengoko nobuchwepheshe lo gama iphucula izinto umgangatho zochuku sinikele ingqalelo amaqondo igcwala. I ezincinane oko kukuthi, iindlela icandelo okuhlala. Enye ntsingiselo kukunciphisa porosity lo mbandela.

imveliso Modern kufuneka ukuphucula izinto izicelo ezongezelelweyo ngexesha eyimveliso izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezihambayo, ukudluliswa. Oku kuya ukwanelisa iimfuno zabathengi kunye ezikhulayo nezokusebenza ukuba izinto ivuse.