IKhokhol ... Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zentsingiselo

Okumangalisayo kukuba, kwiRashiya yanamhlanje kukho iingcamango ezininzi zeli gama. I-crest yinto yokuqala okanye i-clump yeboya, iintsiba entloko, kwaye kungakhathaliseki ukuba ziphi (emva, phambili, icala). E-Ukrainian, lesi sakhiwo sabizwa ngokuba yi "Oseledets". Yiloo nto i-Ukrainian ngokwemiqathango jikelele! Ukuchaneka ngokuchanileyo nokuchaneka kwamagama ngamanye amaxesha kubetha ingcamango.

Injongo yegama elithi "Khokhol"

Kwakhona kwenzeka nokuba yinjiwa, inkukhu. Ngendlela, igama eliqhelekileyo lekhukhu liyi-crib. Kuze kube kutshanje, i-Nizhny Novgorodians yayinendawo encinci - i-ruff encinci (intlanzi enjalo). KwiKostroma, iKhokhlushka (ukungadityaniswa nomfazi wakhe iKhokhla) ngokuqhelekileyo igubungela into ethile, mhlawumbi ngenxa yesibambiso. KwiArkhangelsk gubernia, iKhokhlak okanye iKhokhlusha yayibizwa ngeveki yokuzalwa kwesitywina ngenxa yeqhwa layo elihlambalaza; Endaweni enye, iKhokhlushka iyinkunzi encinane. Njengoko ubona, onke la magama anxulumene ngqo ne-forelock, iinwele ezibetywayo okanye iintsiba entloko.

Omunye iKhokhol yilali dolophu yase-Voronezh. Kwaye umlambo unegama elifanayo.

Igama elihlazileyo labantu

Enye intsingiselo yegama elithi "khokhol" libizwa ngokuba ngumthiya we-Ukrainians, owayekade ehlaselayo okanye ehlaselayo, ngoku aqhube ngakumbi. Ngokutsho kwesichazizwi u-Ozhegova, ngubani o-Ukraine? Lawa angama-Ukrainiya afanayo. UDal kwisichazizwi sakhe uchaza intsingiselo yegama elithi "Ukrainian" njenge "Ukrainian, Little Russian". Nazi ezinye izibonelo ezivela kwisichazi-magama sakhe: "Ikhokhol isicacile ngaphezu kweqwenga, kodwa umgca wecala"; "Khokhol akaqambi amanga, kodwa akayi kuthetha inyaniso." Ngakolunye uhlangothi, unako ukuqonda iingxelo ezinjengokuhlaziswa okanye ukuhlambalaza isizwe sonke. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Ukrainian yamanje, mhlawumbi, ihleka nje, kwaye iyakunceda nokuba uqaphele iziganeko ezinjalo.

Ukuqonda okuhlukileyo

Nangona kunjalo, kwangaphambili, kwaye ngoku iimoya sengqondo kwigama elithi "Khokhol" lithengisa. Abantu baseNtshona Krikhiya baqonda kwaye baqonda le nickname njengento yokuhlambalaza. E-mpuma ye-Ukraine, ke, ba bhekisa "kwiKhokhlu" ngokuhlekisa kunokuba badalwe. Kwaye abo basebenza ngaphandle, ngokukodwa eRashiya, abemi baseningizimu-mpuma yeUkraine, bazibonele ngeli gama, baya kuphakamisa iindlebe zabo ngokuzingca.

Inxalenye ethile yembali

Isizathu salesi simo sengqondo, esabela ngayo, sibuyela kwikhulu leshumi elinesithoba, xa iSiberia yayiphuhlisa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuphuma okukhulu kwabantu baseMalorossia (abahlala kwimimandla yasentshonalanga, kwaye ngoko iGalicia, oko kukuthi, amaGalician, abazange bathathe inxaxheba kulo mcimbi wembali) Harsh, kodwa inkululeko kunye nomhlaba omkhulu. Kakade ke, kungekhona kuphela. IsiRashiya, i-Byelorussian, i-Chuvash, iTatars, i-Mordva, njl njl. Kwaye igama elithi "khokhol" le-Ukrainians lazibiza ngokwaloo miqathango. Siya kuqaphela, baye bazikhethela bona kwaye abazange babone kuyo nayiphi into ehlaziyileyo kwaye ngokukrakra. Ngendlela, njengabahlali baseRussia, akukho namnye owacaphukisa "iKatsap" okanye "uMoskal".

Umvelaphi

Wayephi na umqondo we "khokhol"? Kukho iinguqu ezimbalwa kuphela. Eyaziwayo kwaye iyakholelwa yinto eyayibizwa ngokuba yi-Ukrainians yaseUkraine ngenxa yokuqala, "i-villain", entloko ecocekileyo. Kukho umyalezo onjalo. Njengaye, uThart Peter wamema iiCosacks ePetersburg. Olu hlobo lokugqibela luchukumisa abahlali bendawo, ngokukodwa abafazi, ngokubonakala kwabo. I-Zaporozhtsy yanikelwa igama lesiteketiso "abantu abaqhenqileyo" (kucacile, ngenxa yintoni), efanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngenxa yokwenza lula kube "iKokkhlov".

Ezinye iinguqulelo

Zikhona ezinye, ezingathandwa kakhulu, iimbono kule ngxaki. Ngaloo ndlela, abanye abathandabuzi bafumana into efanayo negama lesiMongolia elithi "hal-go", oku kuthetha "uluhlaza obomvu". Yiyo le mibala eyayiyiflegi yeGalicia-Volyn, eyayiyeka ukuguquka kweMongolia. Nangona kunjalo, iGalicia okanye kamva ukuya kwiRashiya encinci yayingenanto yokwenza. Akunjalo, kwakukho, iingcambu eziqhelekileyo, kodwa iqabane lelaliqhawule umtshato ixesha elide kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo. Kukho ezinye, ezingakumbi ezingenangqiqo, iinguqulelo. Ngokomzekelo, ekuguquleleni ukusuka kwisiTurkic crest - "unyana wezulu", "wasezulwini".

Türkic version

Kukho nabo bathi abaseMongol bazisa iRashiya kwifestile "ye-villain". Okokuqala, imfashini yekhanda elihlanjululweyo kwaye ivule phambili kuyo ikhona kwixesha elide phakathi kwabantu abaninzi behlabathi - amaRarangi, amaTurks, amaMongol kuquka neTshayina, njl njl. Kwaye kwachazwa kuphela yimimiselo yococeko ukuze ngexesha lokunyuka kwexesha elide Xa kungenakwenzeka ukunyamekela iinwele, abazange baqale ii-parasites. I-Chubchik efanayo-kwaye isetekisi, kwaye iyasebenza: unokuyihobisa imihlobiso eyahlukileyo kuyo, eyayenza njalo.

Ngoku malunga nempembelelo yaseMongolia. Nge "oseledtsem" ookhokho beli-Ukraine namhlanje bahlangene kwi-IX leminyaka, xa uPrince Oleg ezisa naye iqela lamaVarangi ukuya eKiev. Ukuhlasela kweMongolia kwenzeka, njengoko siyazi, phakathi kwekhulu le-13. Ewe, phambi kwabo kwakuyiPechenegs, kwaye icawe kunye neenwele zeenwele. Kwaye konke kwenzeka ngaphambili. Kwii-Varangi "i-villain" ibonwa njengophawu lomhlaba ophezulu, kwaye loo nklasi yayaziwa okanye yayifanelekile. Lo mgaqo wamukelwa kunye no-Kievan Rus. Kuphela ozelwe okanye owaziwayo, u-druzhinniki ohloniphekileyo unelungelo lokugcoba iintloko zabo ezingenasiphelo, ezishiya ikhefu ende ende. Ukulahlekelwa yinto yakhe empini kwakubonwa njengento ehlazo.

Ngoobani abase-Ukraine?

Apha, iimbono zabaphandi ziyahlukana. Eminye ibhekisela kwimvelaphi yesiTurkki, enikela umzekelo kunye nokubonakala (ibhulukhwe ebanzi, ibhanti ebanzi, ipapaha, indlebe endlebeni, "i-villain"), kunye nokuhlela imikhosi ("Cossack" - igama lesiTurkey), kunye namagama ahlalayo (Kuchma, umzekelo, Iguqulelwe ngokuthi "isikhombi esiphezulu"), kunye nezinto ezenzekayo zobomi bemihla ngemihla (hut, tyn, plakhta, namisto). Kwaye ininzi iinwele ezimnyama kunye namehlo aluhlaza. Kodwa kwakungeke kube njalo. Ummandla omude kunye nabahlalutyi abanakukwazi ukushiya kodwa ukushiya umkhondo kubantu. Kufuphi naseKy Kiev, umzekelo, kusekho ukuhlaliswa kwePechenegi. Nangona kunjalo, isiseko seZaporizhzhya Army esifanayo, abameli bayo babibizwa ngokuba yi-hohlami, babesakuba ngabahlali be-brodniki-ababalekiyo, abaphuli-mthetho, abahamba phambili bevela kwii-Kievan Rus zonke. Iintlanga zamkelwa kwiindawo zazo, kodwa zanyanzeliswa ukuba zibhaptizwe. Ngoko umbala weenwele awukho umqondiso okwamanje. Kwaye ama-Ukrainians-amaRussia amaninzi, nangona zonke izilingo zomlando, agcina ubunikazi bawo - kwimidaniso, iingoma, indlela yokuphila, imbono kunye nolwimi.

Okwangoku, amagama athi "iKhokhol" kunye ne "Khokhlushka" asetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngendlela yokuthetha ngokubambisana.