Iinjongo kunye neenjongo isifundo esikolweni

Kunzima ukufumana umntu ukuba akubanga esikolweni. Inkqubo yemfundo ekhoyo ifuna ukuba onke aye esikolweni nokufumana ulwazi olusisiseko. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, esi sikolo efundisa abantu, ifaka kuzo ingqiqo ubuhle. Kwaba apha likwaqhuba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kubomi bomntwana.

School - kuba kuqala, ootitshala. Bonke abantwana ababudala bunyanzelisa ukuba ootitshala ozithandayo kunye nabo azikuthandi. Kodwa wonke utitshala wenza umsebenzi omkhulu phambi iklasi nganye. Ngapha koko, ukuba benze yonke imisebenzi kwesifundo, kufuneka sisebenze nzima. Phambi eklasini, ootitshala benze isicwangciso kwaye inike iinjongo ukuba ufuna ukufikelela kunye neklasi. Ngumsebenzi onzima kakhulu, ayimangalisi ngakumbi ootitshala ukwenzela exabisa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo.

Yintoni esiyifundayo?

Le mbono ngohlobo olulo ngoku lunqongophele ngexesha everyday yokuchitha ootitshala kunye nabafundi ukuze bafumane ulwazi olutsha. Isifundo - ibali apho kukho abo baye baphumelela ekusombululeni lo msebenzi, kunye nabo bangakwaziyo ukwenza oko. Ukongeza ulwazi, utitshala kufuneka benze abafundi babo ngokuziphatha, ukuze ubafundise.

Ukuchitha isifundo elungileyo, utitshala kufuneka ngokucacileyo isicwangciso yonke senzo. Phambi eklasini, kufuneka ukhankanye iinjongo eziphambili ze-sifundo, ngenxa yoko iklasi ukuba enze imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Isifundo kufuneka ukuba umfundi phambili. abafundi isifundo ngasinye kufuneka bafunde into. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukuphuhlisa abantwana geqe.

Isifundo - umsebenzi ixesha kuphela, kunye nabantwana kufuneka baqonde oku. Into ebalulekileyo isikolo ndandishumayela kuphuhliso lolwazi nemfundo umntwana, ngaphandle elizimeleyo umsebenzi wakhe ayisebenzi. kwixesha leklasi kufuneka zisetyenziswe kangangoko kunokwenzeka kuba luncedo. Oku kuxhomekeke kwindlela yokwakha utitshala weklasi. Ukongeza, imfuneko ukugqiba kakuhle isifundo, emva kwesiphelo - luphawu ebalulekileyo eklasini.

Eyona eziphambili neenjongo isifundo

Ootitshala kufuneka into efana emazinyo mathathu injongo isifundo. It is a result ekufuneka ziphunyezwe ekupheleni iiklasi. Kutheni akanamandla? Ngenxa yokuba oku kuquka 3 izifundo imisebenzi ezisisiseko: ngokwasengqondweni, ukuphuhlisa kunye zemfundo. Yeyona ukuzaliseka zonke ezi njongo iza kwenza umsebenzi njengoko luncedo ootitshala kunye nabafundi. Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha.

into ephawulekayo esisiseko kwaye ibandakanya ezi mfuno zilandelayo:

• ukufundisa umntwana ngamnye ukuzimela ukuzuza ulwazi;
• ukubeka izakhono, oko kukuthi amanyathelo ngqo ukuba phindwa amaxesha amaninzi ukuvelisa automatism;
• Owenza ubuchule, oko kukuthi, udibaniso lwe lwezakhono nolwazi;
• ukufundisa abafundi ukuba yintoni waxelelwa eklasini.

Ukuphuhlisa mba nzima kakhulu ukuba utitshala. Ngokusisiseko, lo mngeni kuza necebo lo mba kwi kwisifundo ngasinye. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela engalunganga. Xa kwakhiwa, esi sicwangciso kunokuba luncedo kwiiklasi eziliqela, kuba uphuhliso ukufunda kancinci.

Ukuphuhlisa lo mzuzu siquka amanqaku ezininzi: uphuhliso yokuthetha, uphuhliso yokucinga kunye nophuhliso lwentshukumo, oko kukuthi, iindawo motor.

Ke ekugqibeleni, lo mba imfundiso. Le nto eyahlula isikolo kwezinye iiarhente. Kulapha ukuba umntwana ukhulele eluntwini. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezinto yokuziphatha, intsebenziswano eyiyo kunye eza kunceda umfundi ukuba bafunde imigaqo yokuziphatha.

Ezi zinto ziquka nabanye abantwana, bakhe "Mna", umsebenzi, ubuzwe noluntu. Injongo katitshala - ukufundisa umntwana wakho ukuba kwaziwe ukuba baziphathe ngayo nendlela ukuba.

isifundo evulekileyo

Olu hlobo sifundo siqhutywa ngokupheleleyo kuzo zonke izikolo yaye zonke iiklasi abaphumileyo okanye ekusafuneka ukuba ukuthatha inxaxheba kuyo. Isifundo evulekileyo ukongezelela yonke eminye imisebenzi zibandakanya ukuphucula inkcubeko yonxibelelwano kunye nophando nezakhono. Yena usoloko wamema abanye ootitshala okanye abafundi, kukho ingxoxo yazo naziphi na iingxaki.

Utitshala ubiza umhla pre-semxholweni zezifundo-RCLs, yaye abafundi balungiselelwe ngenyameko. Uqala kwiseshoni kunye notitshala intetho ezitshayelelayo, yena imemezela isihloko kunye nemiba ukuba kuxoxwe. Emva koko, abafundi bafunde ngaphandle umyalezo yabo, kunye notitshala wamema iindwendwe baxoxe mba.

isifundo Vula le ngxaki phantse lonke wadibana, ngokuba abantwana bafunde kuyo nayiphi na imeko ilungelo ukunxibelelana, bafumane ulwazi olutsha.

A isifundo ngohlobo iseti-off

Zizo ezi klasi ukuba akukho zithandwa kakhulu kunye nabafundi. Oku kudla ulawulo okanye umsebenzi ozimeleyo, ukusuka apho kuya kuxhomekeka kuvavanyo lokugqibela. Abafundi basoloko bacebe kakuhle le sifundo, ukusukela umgangatho emlonyeni okanye alenxaki Iyazinziswa esibhaliweyo kuya kuchaphazela sivumelwano.

Imisebenzi yale hlobo sifundo - nokwenziwa ngcono walihamba imixholo uze ujonge nolwazi lomntwana. Malunga kolawulo kunye nomsebenzi ezimeleyo utitshala wayesoloko walumkisa kwangaphambili aze abuze abafundi ukuba balungiselele. Phambi iklasi bonke abantwana bahlale esihlalweni. Kudla kukho amaxesha xa utitshala kwangaphambili ulungisa ebhodini aze abhale umsebenzi (kwimeko kolawulo lwemathematika). Emva koko, mzuzu abafundi nangoko bazakuqala ukusombulula iingxaki.

Ukuba yinto emlonyeni kulwimi Russian, ngoko, oko, akukho nto ebhaliweyo kwangaphambili. Utitshala bumisela, kwaye abafundi kufuneka babhale. Le eliqhelekileyo uhlobo lwe sifundo, phantse nimana iziqhamo. Emva kokuba ulawulo ukuya isifundo esilandelayo, lisebenza phezu iimpazamo ukuba abafundi baqonde kwaye ukhumbule iintsilelo zabo.

Iinjongo kunye neenjongo isifundo, ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yemfundo

Emva kokuba Russian Federation iye yamkela inkqubo entsha yemfundo, kwakukho umlinganiselo omtsha. GEF sifundo (imigangatho yemfundo karhulumente federal) ziye ngandlel ezahlukeneyo. Ngoku utitshala kufuneka ukuba babakhuphe oonyana lanamhlanje nomphakathi, Nceda abantwana nokwazi ukuba baya kufunda a ebomini. Eyona njongo iphambili ye GEF kukuba ukuphuhlisa umfundi njengesifundo lomsebenzi kwengqondo.

Xa ubuntu phambili nemfundo yomfundi. Ukongeza, iimfuno zibandakanya ekufezekiseni metasubject and substantive iziphumo. I yangaphambili ziquka ukusetyenziswa kwamalungu asebenzayo kwi isisombululo ngokunxibelelana imisebenzi ngokwasengqondweni, kwakunye nokusetyenziswa zonke iindlela zokuqokelela ulwazi ngokungqinelana imisebenzi into.

iinjongo Cognitive okanye yokufunda isifundo kancinci zize kwisiqalo. Ekubeni amathuba amaninzi okwangoku ngenxa ekufunyanweni ngokuzimeleyo ulwazi, injongo ephambili yesikolo Ubeka imfundo umntu.

Indlela zixhaphakileyo

Kukho ezine zokugweba ezinjalo. Ngokulandela kubo, uyakwazi ukwenza isifundo ezikumgangatho ophezulu.

1. Ngempumelelo. Uvavanyo yale njengenqobo kulucelomngeni, kuba nembono isoloko ezikhathazayo. Nangona kunjalo, ootitshala abanamava ukufumana isifundo impumelelo ukuba luyaziphumelela iimfuno ezithile:
   - inqanaba eliphezulu imisebenzi yemfundo kunye nomsebenzi ngokuzimeleyo kwabafundi;
   - uncedo ekubumbeni ubuntu kwabafundi;
   - unxibelelwano oluhle phakathi kootitshala nabafundi.
2. Isakhiwo. Okwangoku, oko yenye indlela ebalulekileyo, njengoko ingcaciso kwaye kuthetha ukuba ayizuze isixa esikhulu, yaye nexesha sifundo lincinane. Umsebenzi katitshala - ukusetyenziswa elifaneleke ixesha olinikiweyo. Inxalenye ephambili isifundo kufuneka lichithwe kwi ukufunda isihloko entsha. Kwimizuzu eziseleyo imfuneko yokwenza izinto ezibophelelayo ngokuphindaphinda kunye ekhuluma neemeko ezisebenzayo.
3. Nceda ukushukumisa ubuchule cognitive zomfundi. Ulwazi kufuneka ifunwe, kwaye ukuba umntwana ukulungele ukuphulaphula izinto ezintsha, oko kuya kuba yaye, ke ngoko, akukho nto kwesi sifundo akuyi kufunda. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umfundi sele lumiselwe isifundo. Imisebenzi ezinxulumene logic, yeyokuba isebenza kakhulu kule meko. Ukuze isebenze i iklasi, uyakwazi ukucinga ezahlukahlukeneyo iindima .. aBacebisi, abancedisi, njl Iinjongo isifundo kwisikolo kakhulu ezahlukeneyo, yaye ukuzalisekisa kangangoko kunokwenzeka, utitshala kufuneka iqwalaselwe ukuba bazibandakanye abantwana.
4. Neyilayo. Ukwenza into entsha usoloko elamkela zonke izizukulwana zootitshala. Ukuba umntwana akazange athandabuze ukuba baveze iingcamango zabo, kuyimfuneko ukuba wafunda kuzithemba. ootitshala abanamava sincoma unika umntwana ixesha elingakumbi ukwenza nantoni na wena. Iza kuphuhlisa kuye kuphela arcade games. Umzekelo, kwi imisebenzi isifundo ulwimi Russian ziquka ukufunda amagama zopelo. Vumela umntwana ngokwakhe uya kusebenza kunye idikshinari babhale amagama amatsha.

Iindlela ezingundoqo kwiiklasi yokulungelelanisa

Kweli hlabathi lanamhlanje kukho inani elikhulu kobuchule ezahlukeneyo eziya kukunceda utitshala ku tirhisa ingqesho esemgangathweni. Iinjongo kunye neenjongo isifundo kufuneka lwenziwe kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo.

Enye kakhulu ethandwayo incoko, nto leyo ingxoxo phakathi utitshala kunye nabafundi, kakhulu inyathelo lokuqala. Umsebenzi katitshala kule meko a UPawulos walo mntwana impendulo echanekileyo ngoncedo imibuzo ekhokelayo. Kwakhona, ngexesha incoko, abafundi baphuhlise ulwimi lwabo oluthethwayo.

Imiboniso yindlela mihla. Utitshala ngexesha eklasini ucacisa umbandela ngokusebenzisa ezahlukeneyo izintlu, iitshati, imifanekiso, iimovie, njalo njalo. D. Njengokuba waziwa, kwiinjongo isifundo ulwimi IsiNgesi iquka ekufundeni imithetho incoko. Ukuze wenze lo msebenzi utitshala ungenza umfundi bhanya-bhanya IsiNgesi achazayo.

Inkomfa - intlanganiso abafundi ukuze baxoxe nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo. Kungathatha indawo kokubini isixeko inqanaba apha esikolweni. Ngokuqhelekileyo isiganeko formal apho abathathi-nxaxheba benze iintetho kunye neengxelo, uze uthethe kubo. uncedo entle kakhulu kuphuhliso loshishino zentetho.

Ukuphinda umxholo omtsha eklasini nayo ibalulekile kakhulu. Nokukhusela izinto zange ayeke mntu. Njengoko bathi, ukuphindaphindwa - unina yokufunda. Ekhumbuza ngayo izinto sele bafunda iluncedo kakhulu, ingakumbi ulawulo lokugqibela okanye umsebenzi ngokuzimeleyo. Kukubek phindaphinda iingxaki Iyatyhilwa izifundo physics nakwimathematika. Oku kuya kunceda nokwenziwa ngcono mbandela.

uqeqesho ngamnye wenziwa kuphela kwiimeko ezithile, xa umfundi ebengekho ngenxa yokugula ixesha elide yaye Ndishiywe izinto ezintsha. Kwakhona, utitshala ukuhlala emva esikolweni umfundi ukuba ayiqondakali kakuhle nesihloko, uze uchaze kuye kwakhona.

Ukulungisa ootitshala ukuba bafundise

Le yinkqubo ende kakhulu kwaye zintsonkothile, kuba akukho lula ukulungiselela isifundo ngasinye, xa imini ezintlanu, ezintandathu okanye ezisixhenxe. Le nkqubo angamelwa manqanaba:

1. Ikharityhulam sifundo. Eli nyathelo ngokuqhelekileyo luqhutywa phambi kokuqala konyaka wesikolo ukwenzela ukuchonga iinjongo eziphambili kunye nemisebenzi yonke isifundo, kwakunye ngezihloko ezithile. Phambi kokuba ufundise isifundo ngasinye kufuneka utitshala abe ukujonga kwiprogram ukuchonga imisebenzi ethile ngelo xesha.
2. uncwadi lwemethodoloji. Emva kahle ikharityhulam bafanele ukuba sele beyiqhelile le ncwadi, amanqaku ahlukeneyo ngezi zihloko. Oku kwenziwa ukuze ukwenza isicwangciso weendawo. Akufanele ukuba kube nzima, kwaye upholile, kwaye zibonisa ulwazi esisiseko.
3. Uphononongo kwesihloko ngasinye kule ncwadi. Ngaphambi ngokunika abantwana emsebenzini, utitshala kufuneka ukwazi oko kubhalwe apho. Isifundo yinxalenye yengxaki kangangoko kunokwenzeka ntetho olufikelelekayo umbandela, ukuze abafundi baqonde ukuba athetha ukuthini. Ngokufuthi, kule ncwadi babe ezinzima, yaye kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo utitshala.
4. Uphononongo ezibonakalayo ukuze isifundo. Utitshala bazi isihloko ngokupheleleyo apho aphethwe iiklasi. Ukongeza kwiincwadi zezifundo eziyimfuneko kufuneka kumamelwe ulwazi lomsindo ukujonga okukule filimu. Ukuba utitshala uza kuqhuba ulingelo eklasini, kufuneka ulungiselele nzulu kakhulu, kuba ukusilela kunokukhokelela yesiphako.
5. Kwaye, ekugqibeleni, ukudalwa isicwangciso sesifundo. Ngesi sigaba kufuneka siphathwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo, ekubeni isicwangciso linyathelo lokugqibela kumalungiselelo lootitshala bebhalisela isifundo. Luquka isihloko yesihloko isifundo, iinjongo kunye neenjongo, isakhiwo, uluhlu zokuncedisa ekufundiseni nasekufundeni. Kufuneka kwakhona ixesha lokuba kwisigaba ngasinye isifundo. Isicwangciso kufuneka zibe nkulu ngumqulu, kodwa ootitshala novice Kucetyiswa ukuba enze isishwankathelo isifundo. Ingxaki egxile kwisifundo kuya kwenziwa ngale ndlela.

analysis of isifundo

Ukuze baphumelele ekufundiseni, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukucinga nokuhlalutya yonke sifundo olwenziwa. Kufuneka ufumane iimpazamo zabo neentsilelo kunye ukuze baqonde enoba izithuba ukulungiselela isifundo, okanye ngenxa yomsebenzi kwiseshini. Akunconywa ngokwayo indumiso ngamandla okanye ityala kakhulu. Ubani kufuneka azame ukunikela uvavanyo njongo.

Ootitshala abaninzi izifundo benza impazamo enye. Yena uza ekuqaleni kwesifundo xa utitshala abafundi wasekhaya. I wavavanywa sentlalo bonke abafundi, lo gama iklasi ungenzi nto imizuzu eli-15 okanye engama-20. Loo yinkcitha xesha esingaxolelekiyo. ootitshala ekuqaleni kufuneka ukuba uthathe ingqalelo kwaye benze iimpazamo ezifanayo.

Hlalutya izifundo ukuba sisekelwe phezu neenjongo ezabekwayo phambi kwakhe. Ukuba umsebenzi yabanjwa kwimowudi ntetho, kufuneka ufumanise ukuba ingaba afumaneke onke izinto eziyimfuneko sele kuchaziwe, ukuba nantoni na abafundi baqonda. Kakade ke, impendulo yalo mbuzo wesibini uya kwaziwa kuphela xa ulwazi ukutshekisha-class. Ukuba iiklasi ziyabanjwa ngokohlobo nkomfa okanye isemina, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuhlalutya umsebenzi abafundi kunye nomxholo imiyalezo yabo kunye neengxelo.

isiphelo

Utitshala Umsebenzi - omnye kakhulu nzima kwaye kubalulekile ukuba sonke. Akumangalisi phantse yonke mzi waba lesikhumbuzo utitshala yokuqala imbeko lo msebenzi. Ootitshala baqhuba izifundo zabo ngenjongo yokufundisa kwaye bafundise abantwana izakhono nobuchule eziya kuba luncedo kwixesha elizayo. Isifundo yinxalenye yengxaki kunye noqeqesho zomntwana, ingcaciso imigaqo yokuziphatha.

Modern semfundo ephakamileyo nesidingo kokubini kootitshala nabafundi. iinkqubo zoqeqesho nobunzima kakhulu, izicwangciso eneenkcukacha kunye ezifana olunye zingangunobangela msebenzi sele kunzima. Kodwa isikolo yasoloko eqongeni apho umlinganiswa ibunjiwe nolwazi. Oku libambe indawo ebalulekileyo kubomi ngomntu wonke.