Iifrigate "Admiral Makarov". iifrigate 11356

Ukususela ngenkulungwane XX ye phakathi iinkundla phantse zonke azinakulawuleka inkulu ehlabathini zinyuke indima iinqanawa ezincinane kakhulu. Kwi-US, ezi iinqanawa ngokuba kubabulali gada.

imisebenzi imikhumbi

Umsebenzi main lwezo mpahla - ukukhusela yokungenelela convoys nesezantsi isantya evela ngwenya ukuhlasela. Ngoko ke, xa kuthelekiswa ne umbhuqi epheleleyo, y siphelekwe isantya umbhuqi ephantsi, ngaphantsi yeetoni kunye kwezikhali. Noko ke, emva kokuba nokuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe, ukusetyenziswa izityalo zamandla enyukliya, kwaba lula kakhulu ukunyusa isantya ngwenya, nto leyo patrol-high speed olufunekayo. Uphuhliso imijukujelwa anti-nqanawa babefuna ukomeleza izixhobo anti-moya. Ngoko ekupheleni ngumtshabalalisi isikhephe onogada ukwahlula ixabiso kunye nokususwa.

Imbali eyilwe frigates

Ngo-1960 kuye kwagqitywa ekubeni iinqanawa antisubmarine ziindleko ezinkulu kakhulu ukuba imikhumbi ukuncedisana izikhephe ezintsha patrol. Nangona lithe gangqa Get, ubungakanani iinqanawa ezaxhobela ayithanga kratya. Ukususela ngo-1964, kwaqalisa ukuba le projekthi 1135 - awahlali, nto leyo iba ukubana abantu abangaphezu kwama ezingamawaka amabini eetoni. Ingalo iinqanawa ezicwangcisiweyo anti-enomjukujelwa "Blizzard" inkqubo, SAM "Osa-M" kweetyhubhu-inomzimba ezine, iinkqubo ezimbini kabini zokudubula AK-726 kunye neenkqubo RBU-6000. Kwakhona, umkhombe eyayicwangciselwe ukuba ukuxhotyiswa kunye nenkqubo sonar mihla "Titan-2".

iingxaki True nazo ngexesha kokuvavanywa "ikhephu" ezintsonkothileyo ezincinane kakhulu uluhlu iphezulu (6 km), kwanyanzeleka ukuba bashiye kuba wayenomdla esinamavili DB anti "Blizzard" inkqubo uluhlu km 50. I ntiyiso kwenzeka ukuba uluhlu ezingasafunekiyo eziliqela, ekubeni isikhululo "Titan-2" waba Ubhaqo lomqolo asezantsi kakhulu.

Ukongeza, ukuba kabini inani leeyunithi inomzimba, iinkqubo anti-moya. inkundla Project mayixhotyiswe inkqubo sonar mfutho "Vega". 1135 Project iimpahla liye landa, lwathi iitoni 3.200. Ithotywe enkundleni yamanzi ukuphumeza ngempumelelo imisebenzi yabo. Ngokusetyenziswa iinjini yegesi ziyaphuhliswa isantya endilisekileyo (32 amaqhina) yaye bakwazi ukusebenza kwi parameter ukuya ku-4,000 miles.

Iinqanawa iiprojekthi 1135 kunye neprojekthi yazo 1135M loguqulelo ezifana oomatiloshe. Kangangeminyaka eli-10, wakhululwa iiprojekthi yobugcisa 32 1135 no 1135M.

inkundla ntiyiso hlukile isici - abazange babe yokuma-ntaka. Ngophuhliso kwethekhinoloji lolawulo lwezithuthi ezininzi ukukhangela imisebenzi ngwenya ukoyiswa walala phantsi, ukongeza arhente esi sikhephe, moya, ngeenqanawa.

Project 1155 no 11351

Ngenxa yokuqaliswa yokuma ntaka kukhokelele ekuyilweni Get Project 1155, apho ulwakhiwo shipyards ezimbini lweBaltic babexakekile. On the Kerch imikhumbi isityalo esaqala ngayo ukuvelisa i yala maxesha Project 11351 besikolo, apho wayecebe ukuba kudlula onogada umda.

Ubukho le ntaka likuvumela ukuba ukhangele, utshutshiso yokundicaphukisa komda iimpahla. Ezidla kwakhululwa ukulungiselela le yokuma. Kulo mba, abaziinkunkqele bahlupheka isaphetha elinye AK-100. Ngenxa yoko, inani SAM nemipu namaqegu bodidi ka-100 mm kuye kwanciphisa. Ukukhusela iinqanawa nxamnye ukuhlasela emoyeni wayesemva unalo ngeembadada-barreled emithandathu AK-32 abanjalo 630 mm. yaye yafakwa sonar entsha. Njengenxalenye iinqanawa kwakhiwa-sikhokelo projekthi 11351, inkqubo radar "Angara" lathatyathelw 'indawo zakutshanje - "Fregat-M2".

Konke oku kuye ukuba iinqanawa projekthi izitya 11351 igqithe kwiiprojekthi zangaphambili.

ukuze Indian

Kuphuhliso iminyaka 90 lezithuthi kulelwe. Izityalo babefuna ukusinda ngeendleko kwemiyalelo kumazwe angaphandle. Waba imbali elide wentsebenziswano phakathi Russia kunye Navy Indian, uhlala usebenza Abakhi Soviet ekuthengweni iinqanawa zasekhaya kunye thethwano malunga nabayili Indiya. India, ehamba uphuhliso lwabo, abanomdla kwiprojekthi Ajikeleza ngesikhephe kumazwe lobeko 11351 - 11356 projekthi.

Nkqu nisaqala yeProjekthi 11356 frigates ahluke kakhulu ukusuka 11351 projekthi, yaba kwempefumlelo ngenxa kuyilo elitsha. imijukujelwa RBU-6000 ziye indawo DB "Uran" ukuziphendulela antiship. Iimpawu Eminye yamaxesha kunye neminqweno nomthengi Indian ukutshintsha ngokupheleleyo inkangeleko kunye Akunakuba ye awahlali.

Ngokungafaniyo kwase,

abalindi umda eSoviet wasebenzisa imikhombe 11351 yeprojekthi ngeenjongo besikolo kunye nokulwa ukuzingela kumanzi onxweme USSR. Ngoko ke, kwakungekho phantse akukho zixhobo anti-nqanawa.

Indian umxhasi kufuneka inqanawa ubhetyebhetye into enokumelana naluphi na utshaba. Ngaloo ndlela azalwe ngayo pr awahlali. 11356 Phantse zonke imipu esi sikhephe zathathelwa indawo. SAM "Osa-M" lathatyathelw 'indawo "Zolani 1". Wabonakala ngenxa yenu kule DB Club imijukujelwa antiship. Ibuyekeziwe zokudubula bodidi medium of - kwakukho umpu entabeni A-190E 100 mm ukuvuleka.

KwamaNdiya bakhetha umsindo kwamanzi Humsa APSON nkqubo. Zonke frigates izixhobo ezilawulwa yi-nkqubo "imfuneko-ME".

umahluko omkhulu abe nenkangeleko. pr Iifrigate. 11356 abe ukubonakala ncinane ukuya radar. ukwakhiwa sizilungiselela, esekelwe kumava yeemfazwe elidlulileyo zenziwa ngentsimbi kunokuba aluminiyam. Aluminium wabonisa ukumelana ingako emlilweni.

Ukufana ne kwase

Kodwa igobhogobho i sikhephe none- iyunithi M-7NE igcine iqondo eliphezulu ukufana ne kwase ngempumelelo. Ukwanda iingalo izixhobo ukukhula kunye amafutha, evumela ukufikelela kuluhlu ingami iikhilomitha 4500, ukutyhala ukubana nge-20% -. Ukuze 4035 m I santya siphezulu eziphuhliswe awahlali 11356, kwehlile ukusuka amaqhina 32 ukuya kwi-30. Le ixabiso ukuhlawulela ukuba ukwanda komthamo.

Ukusiwa komyalelo

11356 awahlali First esigunyaziswe entwasahlobo ka-2003, kwiinyanga ezintathu kamva wathuma yesibini, yaye ngo-2004 - wesithathu. India waqala ukusebenza iinqanawa.

Nangona iimvavanyo bafumana iingxaki ezincinane wokuhambelana iinkqubo ezithile izixhobo, abathengi Indian beyixabisa oko potential 11356 awahlali.

Kuba ukuqaliswa ngempumelelo kwe komyalelo yokuqala, elandelwa isivumelwano frigates ezintathu. Izikhephe zakhiwa kwi 11356M kwiprojekthi iguqulwe kancinane. Ngoku umkhombe kufakwa anti-nqanawa imijukujelwa ultrafast "BraMos", yaphuhliswa kunye ziingcali Russian namaNdiya endaweni inkqubo Club. Iinqanawa iprojekthi entsha umthengi efunyenwe ngo-2012-2013. Ukulungisa 11356 frigates e India uvelisa icala Russian.

frigates 11356R

Ngo-2010, kwakukho kungekabekwa iinqanawa ezintathu. Ngoku ke iinqanawa i index 11356R - iimfuno yaseRussia Black Sea Fleet. Ngowe-2012-2013 lenziwe ngaphezulu 3 nqanawa kolu ngcelele. iifrigate New ka 11356 uyilo uyafana Indiya, kodwa umahluko ngezikhali. izixhobo inqanawa eveliswa eRashiya.

Unjengeenqanawa projekthi:

• "Admiral Grigorovich" (ekuqaleni kuka-2010, loo mfaki.);
• Project 11356 awahlali "Admiral Essen" (yasekwa ngowe-2011, loo mfaki);
• "Admiral Makarov" (ekuqaleni kuka-2012, esasungulwa ngo-2015);
• "Admiral Butakov" (ekuqaleni kuka-2013);
• "Admiral Istomin" (ekuqaleni kuka-2013);
• "Admiral Kornilov" (ekuqaleni kuka-2014).

Ukusiwa imikhombe emithathu yokugqibela ezicwangciselwe u-2016.

Iinqanawa Kwakhiwa ngokukhawuleza. Navy kufuneka iinqanawa ezifana frigates yeProjekthi 11356. Airbase - ngeforam apho iimpawu iinqanawa zihlalutywe ngokunzulu. Kukho ukuya ziingcali kunye echaphazelekayo.

Bayahlelwa iimpahla-3 yokugqibela ayaziwa ngenxa yokungabikho umbane diesel ababekhwele kweso pr awahlali. 11356. Baye ezenziwa e Ukraine. Ukuba "Admiral Butakov" Project 11356 awahlali ukufuphi kuphehlelelwa, iinqanawa eseleyo emkhenkceni. Kulindeleke ukuba kuyimisela kunoogxa Russian ukuba kungabangela ukulibaziseka unikezelo iminyaka 1-2.

Court ngokuba iiprojekthi 11356 kunye 22350, leyo zabekwa phambi iinjini yegesi Ukrainian, sekumbovu kuxhotyiswa kunoogxa Russian. Zingcono kakhulu kwi parameters izityalo amandla Ukrainian izihlandlo eziliqela.

Kule frigates ezintathu zokuqala Project 11356 IProjekthi 22350 of ezimbini zokuqala sele ukusetyenziswa GTD, kwenziwe Ukraine. Kwixesha elizayo, inkundla omabini iiprojekthi ziza kuxhotyiswa injini Russian.

Sebenza kuphuhliso iinjini sele sithethayo kwiiprojekthi GTD ekhoyo. I-injini yokuqala Russian zicwangciselwe ukuba kukhutshwa ngo-2018.

"Admiral Makarov"

Iifrigate "Admiral Makarov" Project 11356, nto leyo eyalelwe kuLwandle Black, yaphehlelelwa ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba kulo nyaka. Waba sesithathu sazo zonke iinqanawa ezintandathu kwi 11356 "Admiral Grigorovich," le projekthi uthotho lweemvavanyo yolwandle. Uye alikafiki kusinda. izilingo Mooring olwenziwe awahlali "Admiral Essen".

Umkhumbi indlela ephumelelayo iingalo anti-SAM ukubonakalisa ngempumelelo kwizimangalo umoya.

izikhali

Antiship ezintsonkothileyo "abanjalo-HK2. Inkqubo zokudubula A-190, nto leyo evumela kumlilo elwandle kunye nomoya iithagethi. Air Defence System" Zolani 1 "kunye radar isetyhula scan.

Complex lweenqanawa ezintywilayo ekulweni iqulethe inomzimba-gauge 533 mm iinguqulelo DTA-53-11356-2 kwaye ukufaka aseMelika RBU-6000.

Njengoko izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo radar sonar "Iifrigate-M2EM 'ukufumanisa nokulandelela ii nkwili.

Kuba operation ntaka baxhotyisiwe awahlali pad kunye yokuma ukusuka kunye kokwehla. Ezi zixhobo ukwenza awahlali "Admiral Makarov" Project 11356 amandla inzima.

Ukuthelekisa le 22350 yeprojekthi

Project 22350 ukusebenza kunye iprojekthi Uthelekiso 11356 frigates yeProjekthi 11356 kunye 22350. Njengoko inkqubo umoya ukuziphendulela "1 Zolani", endaweni yokuba inkqubo ukudutyulwa iye 3S14U1 kunye izakhiwo SAM "Poliment-Redoute." endaweni "bodidi-NK" wasebenzisa "Onyx" okanye izakhiwo "ukuvuleka-IsiPhawul" ukuziphendulela antiship. Ezi iingalo kwenza kube lula ukuba isicelo ngempumelelo Project Iifrigate 11356 nxamnye iinqanawa yaseMelika.

izixhobo ASW frigates yeProjekthi 22350 - izakhiwo launch "nolovane 2". Kwezikhali wenqanawa nayo iye yatshintsha. Endaweni umpu mm-100 entabeni A-190 A-130 mm-192, zokudubula km 22. Kulo mzekelo frigates yeProjekthi 11356 kunye 22350 ukuba zininzi izinto esifana - zombini iiprojekthi zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo mihla kakhulu.