Ienkomo zaseHereford zizaliswa: iimpawu, umxholo, iifoto kunye nemali yamathole

Ienkomo zase-Hereford zizaliswa ngamagama emva kwendawo abaye bazaliswa ngayo - indawo yaseNgesi yaseHerefordshire, ephantsi komda neWales. Incwadi yakhe yesizwe iye yahlala kweli lizwe ukususela ngo-1846. Ukhokho lohlobo lwaluyimvu ebomvu, ehlonywa ngabahlali abaseningizimu nentshonalanga yeNgilani.

Ukukhethwa kweenkomo zaseHereford

Ekuqaleni, ubuhlanga be-Hereford beenkomo zadalwa njengequlunqo kwaye zenzelwe inyama. Ukuqwalasela ukuveliswa kobisi kwezi zilwanyana akupheli. Ngako oko, okwangoku, lo mfuphi uxabiswa ngaphezu kwayo yonke into yokuzimela kwayo kunye nokulungelelanisa kwidlelo enoba luphi na uhlobo. Enye inzuzo engathandabuzekiyo ithathwa njengentshukumo yokukhula nokuthobeka. Ukongeza kokukhula kwenyama, iinkomo zaseJoeford zisetyenziswe njengabavelisi ngelixa ziphucula iimpawu zezinye iintlobo. Ezinye zezo zilandelayo zithandwa kakhulu kwilizwe lethu. Ngokomzekelo, unokuzisa i -Kazakh i-white-headed headed .

Ngaphandle

Uhlanga lwe-Hereford lweenkomo zenyama lukwahlukileyo ngumzimba osisigxina kunye nesisindo esinzima. Umgaqo-siseko wezilwanyana unokuthi uchazwe njengamandla kakhulu, ukuba ungathethi. Ngokuqinisekileyo lo buhlanga lunokuqatshelwa ngentloko yayo emhlophe (into ebalulekileyo), isisu, intamo, ngamanye amaxesha ubuya, kunye nomsila womsila kunye nasolabial. Kwezinye iindawo uboya bezilwanyana bubomvu obomvu. Intloko nentamo yeenkomo zaseHereford zifutshane kwaye zibanzi. Iimpondo zijoliswe phambili, ngapha nangapha phezulu, zibonwe ezimhlophe kwaye zineengcebiso ezimnyama. I-trunk yezi zilwanyana zinde, kwaye imilenze imfutshane. Enye into ehlukileyo yohlobo lukhuni olukhuni, izihlunu ezinamandla kunye neengcambu ezincinci ezingaphantsi.

Impawu zohlobo

Ukongezelela ubunzima obukhulu, uhlanga lwaseNhereford lweenkomo (umfanekiso onokubonwa kweli phepha) likhule kwaye lide. Ukuzalwa kwizilwanyana kulula kakhulu, kwaye ukufa kwamathole kuphantsi. Kulula kakhulu ukugcina ezi nkomo, kuba zihluke kumntu onobundlobongela okanye obuthileyo kwaye zilula kakhulu ukuphatha.

Ngomzuzu uhlanga lwaseHereford lubonwa njengenye yezona zixhaphake kakhulu kwihlabathi. Ukuthandwa kwayo kubangelwa kukuthobeka, kuquka ukutya. Enye into ephawulekayo yalezi zi lwanyana kukuba zilungelelanise ngokukhawuleza kwiimeko zezulu zeendawo ezinikezelweyo. Ngokomzekelo, nakubusika obukhulu baseRussia ezi zilwanyana zingagcinwa phantse emoyeni.

Umgangatho wenyama

Izinkomo zaseHereford zihlonywa kwaye zixabisa kakhulu "ngeemabula" (kunye nabaxhamli beoli) inyama enomsoco. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ikwahluke kwi-fiber yayo efanelekileyo kunye nomxholo wesondlo. Ezi mpawu zizuzwe njengefa ngelixa ziwela nezinye iintlobo zeenkomo. Ukuhlaselwa kwemveliso yenyama kunokuhluka ukusuka kuma-65 ukuya kuma-70%.

Skin Skin

Esinye isizathu sokuthandwa kwalolu hlobo luhlobo oluhle kakhulu lokufihla. I-Thick ne-elastic, ifaneleke kakhulu ukwenza izicathulo, i-insoles zayo kunye neengxube. Yenza kunye nezinye iimveliso zeTan.

Iindleko zezilwanyana eziselula

Ungathenga amathole aseHereford kwixabiso elingenalo eliphezulu kakhulu. Ekuqaleni kuka-2015, malunga nama-ruble ayi-100-130 nge kilogram yesisindo esibukhoma xa kuthengwa ngokuthe xaxa kwiifama kunye ne-ruble ezingama-130-160 zokuthenga intloko enye ngabarhwebi abucala. Ekubeni ukunywa kwesi sizukulwana sikhula ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-8, ininzi yazo zonke izibonelelo zabantu ngabanye beli lizwe.

Izixhobo zophuhliso

Izinkomo zaseHereford zikhula ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza. Sekuneminyaka engama-ubudala ubudala, amathole afikelela kwisisindo esingama-270 kg, iinkomo zenkomo-320 kg. Ngonyaka omnye nesiqingatha, eli lathisi landa kwi-396 ne-430 kg, ngokulandelanayo. Ekuzalweni, amathole aphila ubukhulu i-31-36 kg. Ukukhula kwansuku zonke kwintlupheko elandelayo ukusuka kwi-850 ukuya kuma-1300 amagremu. Ukuphakama kweenkomo ezikhulile kwi-withers ku-130-140 cm, amathole ayenama-135-150 cm. Isibonda sesifuba sisisi-190-195 cm kwi-bunches, i-210-215 cm ngamathole.

Umxholo weenkomo ezinamathole ancelisayo

Ekubeni ubisi bohlobo lwe-Hereford lweenkomo, uphawu olunikezwa ngasentla, lunikela kakhulu, izilwanyana azibisi. Ngako oko, amathole agcinwa kwi sump kwiinyanga ezili-8. Ngelo xesha, eyona nto iyamkelekileyo yiyobugcisa bokugcinwa kwamahhala kwiindawo zokuhamba ezivulekileyo kunye nakwiindawo ezikhanyisiweyo. Isilwanyana esilahlayo kufuneka sihlambuluke, somile kwaye sikhulule kwiimpawu. Kuyo, kufuneka ulungiselele iinqanawa zeenkomo ezinamathole, ezikufutshane nomjikelezo. Phakathi, kuyimfuneko ukufakela izitya zokutya kunye nezitya zamanzi. Kwakhona kunyanzelekile ukubonelela i-enclosure ehlukeneyo yamathole, apho baya kufumana ukutya okongeziweyo. Ekupheleni komgcini, igumbi lokulumba lihlala lihlelwe. Apha iinkomo zikhankanywe iintsuku ezingama-2-3 ngaphambi kokubonakala kwethole kwaye ziqule iveki emva kokubeleka. Ehlobo, izilwanyana zihanjiswe kwi-free or padding paddock.

Ukondla iinkomo ngamathole ancelisayo kunye nabalimi beenkunzi

Ukutya kwamaMama, ukutyisa omncinci, kufuneka kube ne-45% ye-roughage, i-20% ye-concentrate, i-25% ye-silage. Njengokugqoka i-mineral, isidlo sesithambo, i- phosphate e-defluorinated, i-tricalcium phosphate, i-diammonium phosphate, njl., Isetyenziswa.

Abavelisi be-Bull kufuneka banike iiimbotyi kunye nefuthe leentlobo zeeHS ezilungileyo, zijolise kunye nokutya okunomsoco. I-kg kg yobukhulu bobukhulu banika i-1 k. Unit, 100 gr. Iiprotheni, 5-6 g. Phosphorus, 7 g. ICalcium.

Ekubeni ekudleni iinkomo zohlobo lwe-Hereford azinjalo ngokukhawuleza, abantu abakhelwe inyama bangadliwa kuphela ngotshani, bongeza ibhali kunye netyuwa kuwo.

Ukutya kwamathole atsha

Intsha iya kufakwa kumama kubisi ngexesha eli-1-1.5 emva kweenkonzo. Ukufikelela kwiinyanga ezi-ezintathu kuya kuba yinto yokutya eyona nto. Unokuqala ukusondeza i-hay ngeentsuku eziyi-15-20. Ukufikelela kwiinyanga ezintathu, 0.4 k. Ukufikelela kwiinyanga ezili-6 - iiyunithi ezi-2-2.3, ukuya kwi-8 ukuya kwi-3.5 k. Units. Ukuba ithole lifumana u-200 kg wesisindo ngomnyaka wesigxina, inokuthathwa kwinkomo. Oku kuya kunceda ukuphucula ubuchule bokuzala nokufumana ubunzima.

Ngethuba lokuqala lokuchumisa, ukongeza kwi-roughage, ungasebenzisa i-juicy, ekugqibeleni-yongeza.

Lapho iinkomo zaseHereford zizalwe khona

Olu luhlobo oluhle kakhulu lufanelekile ukuzalisa kwimimandla yeenkalo ezinommandla okhulayo welizwekazi. Kwamanye amazwe, kubalwa kumazwe afana ne-Australia, Canada, i-United States, amazwe aseYurophu. Kithina kwilizwe lezona ziphumo ezilungileyo ekuhlaleni amathole alo mzaliso ophumelele kwindawo yaseOrenburg. Ienkomo zalolu hlobo kwiintonga zaseKazakhstan ziqhelekileyo kwaye azibi.

Njengoko ubona, uhlanga lwe-Hereford aluhlambulukanga, ngokukhawuleza luzuza ubunzima kwaye alufunanga imali-mali. Kulula kakhulu ukunyamekela ezi nkomo, kunye namathole kunye nenyama kunokufumaneka kuwo. Ukuqwalasela zonke ezi zinto, ukuzaliswa kwee-Herefords kwiifama ezizimeleyo kunye neefama ezinkulu kakhulu kunokucetyiswa.