Icandelo ukwakheka komzimba ufunda isakhiwo amalungu yethishyu abantu kunye nezilwanyana, ngokuba "histology". Ukuze banike amayeza namhlanje? Enyanisweni, lukhulu. iindawo histology Medical phakathi eziphambili zayo ezifana:
- uphando ezibangela ukonakala kweeseli eqhelekileyo in Nedlac;
- inkqubo yamathumba okubulalayo ebubonisayo Tracking;
- ukuchonga iindlela zendalo ukulwa ngamathumba somhlaza.
Kakade ke, oku zonke iingxaki isonjululwe histology. It ngokusondeleyo ezinxulumene ngeyeza mihla kunye ekufumaniseni izifo ezithile. izifundo Histological baye bafumana isicelo ngokubanzi amayeza, utyando, izifo, hormone.
Histology - ntoni na?
Histology udla ngokuba komzimba ngemikroskopu. Eli gama ugwetyelwe, ngenxa yokuba ukufunda isakhiwo izicwili kunye neenkqubo ilungu whole ezincane. Injongo zesi sifundo amacandelo ezibhityileyo kakhulu, esisigxina akwisilayidi ngemicroscope. Histology - inzululwazi ikakhulu ezichazayo. umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuba esweni ezenzeka kwiinkcubeko zomzimba, zombini kwiinkqubo eziqhelekileyo kunye zophendlo lwezifo. Histologist kufuneka ukwazi konke malunga nokusekwa kunye ezilandelayo nophuhliso osandul of kwithishyu - utshintsho xa ukhula kwixesha kokubeleka, leyo nanjengokwesimo, nokuba ngezifo. Histology ngokusondeleyo esinxibelelana Sciences ezifana cytology kunye embryology.
History of isayensi
Uphuhliso histology unxulunyaniswa nokudalwa neemicroscope yokuqala. UYihlo komzimba ngemikroskopu yi Malpighi. Kakade ke, izazinzulu ezininzi ubandakanyo kubhekiso phambili yenzululwazi. Bona zacebisa histology lokuqaphela, wafumana iindlela ezintsha zophando kwaye uchaze ngononophelo iziphumo zabo. Ngomhla umnikelo sisazinzulu enkulu ubungqina isigama. Yena immortalized amagama abo amagama izakhiwo zeethishu kunye neendlela zophando: umzekelo, Giemsa ibala, umaleko Malpighian, le nemisele ka Langerhans, ukupeyinta ngu Maximov, ingaba liberkyunovy. Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-400 inzululwazi ikho njengento ezimeleyo, ukusahlula nokwakheka. izinto yayo kulala entsimini amayeza lwezilwanyana kunye oluntu. Okwangoku, iindlela ezininzi ezisetyenziswa kwizifundo histologic ukuhlola iiseli ngamnye ngokweenkcukacha. Oku kwenziwa ngokwenza ixesha ngamalungiselelo kwisilayidi. Ezi ndlela eziphambili ziquka izixwexwe, ubuchule emkhenkceni amacandelo, uhlalutyo histochemical, phase-uthelekiso kunye electron microscopy. Ukongeza, le yokugqibela ivumela ukufunda ngokweenkcukacha kungekuphela ubume iiseli zomntu ngamnye, kodwa organelles yayo. Ukusebenzisa electron microscopy, yakwazi ukuvelisa umfuziselo-ntathu kwithishyu.
amaCandelo histology
Njengaye nawuphi na inzululwazi, sokugaya ngemikroskopu yahlulwe yangamacandelo. isifundo isakhiwo, iimpawu kunye nemisebenzi izicwili njenge eyodwa jikelele, kunye nokusebenzisana kwabo inxaxheba histology jikelele. Uhlolisiso amalungu athile kunye nezakhiwo abekelwe komzimba zabucala ezincinane. Histology kwakhona yahlulwe eqhelekileyo aziqhelekanga. Eyokuqala ijolise isifundo izicwili kwi umzimba usempilweni, kwaye Elesibini lihlolisisa lo uhlobo utshintsho zabo morphological kunye nokomzimba ngokunxulumene isifo esithile.
Chaza ifuthe arhente iintsholongwane kunye wentsholongwane egazini ekusebenzeni izicwili kunye iiseli ngamnye ayabandakanyeka histology yezifo. Ukuze banike amayeza namhlanje? Okokuqala, inkcazelo malunga izigaba zophuhliso somhlaza. Ukongeza, uphononongo lotshintsho zeethishu banakho telela zophuhliso ezininzi arhente abakhubazekileyo, ikakhulu ukuzalwa.
Histology - oko kukuthi: inzululwazi esichazayo okanye isebe yamayeza?
Akwenzeki ukuba zazi indima histology njengonyango namhlanje. Kunzima ukufumana kwicandelo apho okwangoku yayize. izifundo Histological ezifanelekileyo kwi kunyango, wezifo, izifo, nomchamo, hormone, dermatology. Uxilongo kunye nonyango elandelayo izifo ezininzi yaye wenza ngaphandle akunakwenzeka. Ngoko ke yintoni na iimviwo histological? Olu phando lobume morphological izicwili zabantu, nto leyo ibandakanya Kuvavanyo biopsy kunye zezinto yotyando. Amaninzi kuliwa ukulungiselela iinjongo yoxilongo. Biopsy - isifundo lamaqhosha ezincinane kwithishyu, leyo zithathwa isigulana ngexesha inkqubo yoviwo. uviwo enjalo kwizifo na uxilongo iphambili phantse zonke nangezilonda umhlaza. Kwakhona, oko buyafuneka ukuvavanya umgangatho nokusebenza unyango ngamachiza.
Njani uhlalutyo histological
Ngenxa iimviwo lwemizekelo zeethishu, pathologists yenza inkcazelo ngemikroskopu wamaziko wayo. Siqwalasela ubukhulu, ukuthamba, umbala, utshintsho uphawu. Ngenxa yoko olunzulu uhlalutyo lwezonyango kunye yokwakheka nesiphelo elinikiweyo. iziphumo Histology asenokubonisa ukuba kukho izifo kwakunye ukungabikho kwalo. Loo mpendulo olubonakalisiweyo zinokubangela ukuba iimviwo ngakumbi ukuze kuchongwe uluhlu lwezifo kunokwenzeka. Iziphumo zohlalutyo histological Aninakumkhonza benyhwalaza ukuseta uxilongo lokugqibela. Nangona sebekhomba kuphela ukuphuhlisa esi sifo ilungu elithile okanye indlela. Ukuthembela phezu kwabo, yisa uxilongo ngakumbi. Amaxesha amaninzi zeemviwo histological sibonisa imo utshintsho precancerous kwizakhiwo. Kulo mzekelo, impahla kufumaniseka ukuba aba lolu iiseli ezingaqhelekanga. Esi sisizathu ecacileyo unyango umbala we umguli ukuze ukomeleza amajoni omzimba. Ubukho kweeseli Nedlac bengengabo kubonisa wokuhlaselwa ngumhlaza, kodwa kubonisa ngokucacileyo nengozi ephezulu izifo ezinjalo.