Hammond Ilungu: imbali, inkcazelo, photo

Hammond iziko yakhiwa ngo-1935. osemqoka yayo lokwahlula kukuba isixhobo kuphela ngoomatshini zomculo, nobhedu namanye amalungu kunye electromechanical. Igama isixhobo yathiywa emva kumdlali ingcibi - L. Hammond.

Injongo yokuqala yelungu Hammond

Kwakungekho njengesixhobo eninzi, njengoko wombhobho ilungu eqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke, ibandla wayithenga njengenye. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuba ngaba umbutho Hammond ngokufanelekileyo yokusebenza blues kunye nezinye umculo mihla. Ukususela ngoko, i-isixhobo somculo kwakuxhaphakile kakhulu kunokuba bekulindelwe. It yasetyenziswa ensembles zomculo emkhosini, oko wafunda ilizwi usebenzisa uphando ive. We ubuyithenga kuyo abantu ukuba zasekhaya umculo-kwezigqibo.

Imbali kwamamdla

Umsunguli uLaurens Hammond unalo igalelo elibonakalayo kwi inxalenye lwezona. Hi xikombiso, le eyodwa ekuqaleni ingcamango yakhe. Zonke ngenxa patents 80, kwaye wokuqala babo ndandineminyaka eli-16 Hammond ubudala. Elilawulayo, nto leyo ifowuni iyilelwe ngobunono, waba na yokuqala eyaba wakhe.

Ngokuthenga ithile ngepiyano ezisetyenziswayo, wathabatha amaqhosha kwaye wona eksperimenti zakhe kwisizukulwana ephilileyo. Ukuphuhlisa indlela umdlalo yombane izandi, emva konyaka lo umyili yakwazi ukwazisa isixhobo esitsha kwi lo Mboniso ka-mveliso. Isiseko sokuxhobisa Yindibanisela yokuzala uphawu audio kuye kuvele amavili mechanical izandi. Zokuxhathisa wanceda ukuxuba iindlela ezahlukeneyo uphawu zombane. I-injini kwamaphiko disk kunye ngohlangothi siziinduli. Keyboard elektroorgana actuated, ngenxa disc ngalinye kudlalwa inqaku. umazibuthe zombane ibekwe esahlukileyo. Isantya ujikelezo kunye rhoqo, kuchazwa i "izitenxo 'lwe disk wambumba ithoni ukuphakama ethile. Ngu nethoni yelo harmonics ezininzi zaye zongezwa, leyo babejongene izandi eziphezulu ngokuhla. Iirejista ukunyenyisa umthamo. Ekubeni isandi kuhlelwe yintshukumo motor yolunye, nto leyo nayo umbhali kokusungulwa langoku.

I-patent kuba Hammond organ kunye uphawu

Ekuhambeni kwexesha lethu, i yaseJapan inkampani Suzuki nguye umnini lophawu umculo Hammond, ekubeni lo lokuthengisa. Suzuki, ziqinile izithuthi kudala loya isixhobo. izifaniso eziliqela asizi linokuyithelekisa amalungu original elektroniki zaveliswa. Zibizwa ngokuba dummy kuphela xa kuthelekiswa isixhobo yokuqala. Ngo-2011, ukwahlulwa kwasekwa Hammond Suzuki.

Hammond ngokwakhe isixhobo iye yaba nelungelo ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu, ngo-1934. Kubonakala ukuba oku kubangelwe kwimeko efanelekileyo yemali kunye nezopolitiko. Ekuqaleni ekhoyo umfuziselo umzimba yokuthengisa waba 2 keyboard nge 61 ingqalelo. A kwakhona banikwa neerejista yezitshixo yeebhodi, enyovwayo 25 kunye neerejista keyovo. IGunya ifumene ethandwa gqitha, kodwa iye yanceda kwezinye iimeko.

qala bathandwe

Ibali umdla malunga iinjineli ezimbini abayisebenzayo uMnu Ford, wayala ukuba benze ilungu yombane kunye zobukhulu ekhankanyiweyo. Ixesha ukuba izabelo lwalulinganiselwe, yaye iinjineli ziye zagqiba ukuya kwi-Ofisi Patent, apho wafumana sele ekhutshwe Hammond lomenzi wechiza ukuba uphuhliso efanayo. Zonke parameters ezifana odola G. Ford. Kodwa akukho ngengozi. Ford abanomdla nje umzimba entsha, ukufunda ngayo, waza wagqiba ekubeni athenge lomenzi, uphambuke emaphepheni. Umbhali fyabo ingaqala urhwebo, kunye Ford wayengayithandi le nto.

Iinjineli basongela Hammond inkathazo kwaye wabuza ukuba sithengise i-patent. Le ntetho eyayicwangciselwe kuphela Epreli 1934, oko kukuthi, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwesi siganeko. Iinjineli ziye saliwe. Emva koko uMnu Ford wacela ngokobuqu ukuba zazise isixhobo emva kwendibano yawo.

Ford ndaze wayeqhelene umzimba kwaye sithenge nto, kodwa wathi ukuba emva kweminyaka engamashumi amabini, wonke umntu kufuneka akwazi ukuthenga isixhobo somculo ekhaya. Emva apho isidlo wanikwa. Ngoku, Ford wabuza ixabiso kunye, eqaphela naye, ngoko nangoko bathenga iikopi ezintandathu. arhente Hammond ebeka ixabiso $ 1.250. Ngenxa yoko, intengiso yokuqala amalungu kwenzeka phambi kokuba ntetho kwi lo Mboniso ka-mveliso ka Art.

Company izitho electronic

Bayahlelwa isixhobo somculo nga kuthiwa banoyolo. Hammond wenza ukukopela enkulu athotyiweyo ngalinye. Kodwa kufuneka kuthiwe Ford wacela kuye ngalo, nomnikelo imali kunye nabasebenzi inkampani. Unyaka wokuqala wokusetyenziswa wamnika 1400 iziqwenga amalungu. abanokuba ngabathengi uzive ecaweni, kodwa ixesha elininzi abantu, ekwakukho phakathi uMongameli Roosevelt, bathenga isixhobo.

Nangona ixabiso eliphezulu umzimba, popularity yayo okukhulu ngakumbi. Kule minyaka mibini izayo inkampani yenze ingeniso amakhulu amawaka eerandi, leyo yi imilinganiselo ixesha lethu elilingana izigidi.

Imbonakalo iintshaba eyaba nempumelelo

Abo ovelise imizimba imifuziselo odlulileyo, oko kukuthi, umoya, ukuba eve ilahleko ngenxa imilinganiso compact zesixhobo esitsha kunye cheapness lothelekiso. Amaxabiso nje incommensurable. Ukuqalisa ukudlala ngayo kwimarike, abenzi ezo zangaphambili amagosa bakhalaza kwiKomishoni Trade. Isikhalazo linegama sicelo: Hammond kufuneka siqhubeke ukubizwa ngokuba umzimba isixhobo. Izizathu iye emiselweyo ukungabikho efanelekileyo isandi uluhlu abangasekhoyo, kusini na harmonic, ngokwaneleyo ukuhlangabezana umzimba.

Khangela elektroorgana izithethe zecawa ukuthotyelwa

Le ngxelo wayengekho ngaphandle isizathu lenene, njengoko phantse oyinyaniso. Isixhobo isandi zombane wahlukile organ ibandla yemveli. Kodwa uthumo akazange acinge kucace waza wagqiba ekubeni amalungiselelo ukhuphiswano umboniso ebandleni kwiYunivesithi Chicago. Ukususela abaphulaphuli umculo efihlakeleyo yenzelwa phezu nasiphi na isixhobo. Hammond Ilungu okanye zemveli?

Le labagwebi yayiquka abafundi, kodwa ke enye nje inxalenye yawo. Iqela lesibini liquka iimvumi ezaziwayo-kakuhle kunye nezinikezeli. Iimvumi Professional wabanjwa umahluko kwiimeko ezininzi, lo gama abafundi bakwazi ukwahlula ukusebenza njalo. Kodwa 100% ukufumanisa umahluko ebengenako akukho qela.

inkampani Hammond iphumelele ilungelo ukubiza umzimba isixhobo, kodwa wayalelwa ukuba sibhengeze njengesixhobo engapheli uluhlu ephilileyo. Lo mzobo ngqo sele ezimisele million 253 neethowuni.

ukhuphiswano

Firm "Lesley" ligqibe ukuvelisa izixhobo zayo elektroniki zomculo efanayo Hammond, ekhokelela ukhuphiswano. ngoku zombane eMelika waqalisa ukuguqulela amaza 50 Hz kwi 60 D. Leslie endaweni umbane isandi amagunya achaphazelekayo ngomsindo. Ngelo xesha yena wayefuna ukusebenza kwi kwinkampani Hammond, kodwa ayizange yamkelwa. Emva koko wagqiba ukwenza ekuvelisweni ezithethi ngenxa organ yombane kwaye ziyafezekiswa ukongama phezu njineli Hammond.

ULeslie wavelisa okuhambisa ukuba inkampani iye isetyenziswe Hammond ilungu layo. Yaba yinxalenye inzima isixhobo ezinamacandelo ejikelezayo. Le nkampani ibekwe neentlobano ezikhohlakeleyo, nangona Abaseki babo bexabana yaye ezinobungozi. iimveliso D. Leslie abapapashwa njengoko esebenzayo, kodwa umgangatho liyaphumelela.

Le uvulele kwayekwa emva kokufa L. Hammond ngenxa yokuba 1980 inkampani yakhe uthenge le nkampani ukuvelisa isithethi Leslie. Sam Lawrence Hammond wafa ngo-1973.

Uyilo Isixhobo yophuhliso

Emva kokuba imbonakalo imodeli yokuqala, ezi zixhobo zilandelayo zomculo ngaphakathi azisoloko phantsi utshintsho ezinkulu. Amaxesha amaninzi indawo nje umzimba. Kodwa kuyenzeka ukukhankanya izixhobo ezongezelelweyo, uyilo updated kakhulu. Oku, umzekelo, vibrato, yaye kamva yokukhulisa ezazakhiwe zibe izixhobo zomculo.

ULeslie OoSomlomo nayo ibe negalelo engaqhelekanga, njengoko ziyaxhotyiswa batshintshana uphondo kugqame. La malungu ngokulandelelana kwi phezulu kwaye izithethi asezantsi rhoqo, ababini kuphela. Isandi liyatshintsha kwiimeko ezinzima: ithoni, rhoqo, namandla awo.

bantsebenzo Famous umculo kwi organ Hammond

Hammond Ilungu esetyenziselwa lokudlala umculo amaqela umculo edumileyo, phantse onke amaqela eweni. Ngaloo mihla, ithowuni organ lidumile, ngoko ngaphandle ukudibanisa ibe ukwakhiwa kwawo akakwazi ukwenza nayiphi yimvumi mihla. Akukho self-ngokuphathelele rock band akazange aye eqongeni ngaphandle ilungu Hammond. Umzekelo, belizwe zisetyenziswa band wakhe Deep Purple, kunye ne "I Beatles". Nkqu bexesha entrainment mass sample ukudlalwa kwezinye synthesizers ibe abambalwa amazwi akhe. Ekuhambeni kwexesha lethu, umdla kwizixhobo zembali wadla ubomi, ngoko Hammond ilungu kwakhona kwaduma.

Njengophume kakhulu edumileyo keyboard, umbethi-Hammond, wonyulwa ngenxa kuphando oluqhutywe yi-Keyboard lowu. Oku Keith Emerson, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ithathwa njengokuba okuhle kulo nyaka. Hi ndlela leyi, wajika kakhulu kweli ovela njengesixhobo sakhe. Sibheqwayo eqhelekileyo, wafuna ukuqinisekisa izitshixo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amanqaku elide akhenkcezayo, ngoxa waqhubeka ukudlala umculo ngezandla zozibini. Kamva, kwaba isixhobo yakhe yasetyenziselwa isampuli ethandwa Hammond umnqongo ilungu isandi Vintage Keys ngokuqinileyo E-mu.

Eli xesha kubomi umzimba

Hammond weLungu kwimo yalo yantlandlolo engasekho olwenziwa ngo-1976, kwakukho kuphela udumo olukhulu. Yavelisa ezahlukeneyo imifuziselo umculo isandi ii icons, kodwa inkoliso kubiza yokudlala xa kuthelekiswa yokuqala. Electronic sound yokuqaphela, bekhuphela Hammond ngokusekelwe chips kwinkqubo kunokuba nzima xa kufikwa yokuzala echanekileyo. Kodwa kude kube ngoku, iinkampani ezininzi izixhobo zokulungisa ukuvelisa iinxalenye for Hammond kunye wayithunga.

Kule 70s imveliso iinjineli Japanese ziqhotyoshelwe apha, yaye ngowe-1986, Suzuki waqalisa ukuthenga uphawu Hammond. Ngelo xesha sele ngokupheleleyo inkampani Leslie eziphantsi. Ngoku ukuvelisa ezabo Hammond ilungu labo, inkampani waseJapan isebenzisa iindlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo yokuzala yesandi.