Grain seeder kakade Sumerians

Iinkozo Ukuhlwayela (zomatshini), kuthathwa yi izazinzulu, yabonakala uguqulelo abangekaphuhli ye enesiqingatha iminyaka eliwaka BC e Sumeria yamandulo, kodwa asibhidlanga, ngoko zitshone zisabonakala. Re-uphuhliso izixhobo zolimo afumaneka kwi-Mpuma, e-China, apho ngenkulungwane yesibini BC, wasungula i sokutyala intsimbi kunye abaliqela Umbobho yobudoda. EYurophu, le yunithi saka ngenkulungwane ye-yeshumi elinesithoba. De kube lelo xesha, intsimi okuziinkozo bavalelwa ngesandla, waza wongezelela Harrow dropwise, leyo enokuchatshazelwa kakhulu isivuno.

Modern grain seeder - na izixhobo ebonelela ngamnye obekwe kwi okuziinkozo emhlabeni iimeko kangangoko zophuhliso ngenxa yokuba izityalo elizayo ngokuqhelekileyo zibekwe kwi kumgama othile, ngoko musa kuphazamisa kunye nezinye ukuze zikhule.

Grain seeder uyakwazi inento enye okanye ezinye kwezi ndidi zilandelayo:

- izixhobo eziqhelekileyo kuqinisekisa kwendiza ngendlela eqhelekileyo ivaliwe uqheliso (umgama ezincinane phakathi imiqolo ukuya ngeesentimitha ezisixhenxe ukuya kwezisibhozo) e ububanzi, yebhanti okanye ezintlanganweni zeendlela;

- checkrow ekulimeni, emva imisebenzi ngawo izityalo ityalwa kwi iimbombo zeerectangles okanye nezikwere;

- izixhobo yokwakha (imbewu utyalwe yentaka, iziqwenga maxa wambi eziliqela kwelinye);

- i uqheliso echokoziweyo (ingqolowa zibekwe emhlabeni kwi kumgama elifanayo enye kwenye);

- enqabile kusetyenziswa iiyunithi razbrosnye ezibekwe nje phezu imbewu kumphezulu womhlaba (idla esetyenziselwa kutyalwe izityalo herbaceous komhlaba).

Grain seeder i izixhobo ephucukileyo linokuyiqhuba imisebenzi ezininzi ngexesha elinye. Inkqubo kwezobugcisa kunye nezichumiso kwi drill ingachazwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: imbewu kwibhokisi okuziinkozo ufake Umbobho Vas, apho ezidityaniswe isichumiso, ngoko esebenzisa ejikelezayo disks, omabini amacandelo zibekwe emhlabeni bafefa phezu komhlaba. Ngaphezu koko, ohlwayela izixhobo silungelelanisa umhlaba emva imisebenzi enjalo, nto leyo eyandisa lula processing yayo engaphezulu.

Grain seeder linokudlulisela uhlobo oluthile okanye jikelele. iisampulu Ludityanisiwe ukuvumela izityalo inkcubeko ezahlukeneyo (iinkozo ngokwesiqhelo zernotravjanogo), lo gama ezinye ukufika ifuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, nto leyo ezizodwa kakhulu (umbona, iswekile beet, neflakisi, njalo njalo). Omnye umatshini jikelele ngokuqhelekileyo ithatha abaqhelekileyo eziliqela.

Grain seeder (imvelaphi) isetyenziselwa alufane ngaphezu itreyila khetho ekuvumela ukuba ukusebenza kwiindawo ezinkulu wenze nokuhlangana kweeyunithi eziliqela. Ngokomzekelo, imbewu inxaxheba kwi-1 ukuya ku-6 uqheliso imbewu trailed eqokelelwe zibe kwisakhiwo enye, nto leyo itrekta mnye. Onyuswe efanayo iisampula ezivame zisetyenziselwa utyala imbewu kwiinkalo ezincinane apho ufuna ukuthamba kunye nentlonipho ephezulu kuba umhlaba (iinguqulelo enyusiweyo phantse kusoloko kulula erhuqwayo).