Gambrel inkqubo truss kophahla: scheme, izibalo, imizobo

Ngexesha ukwakhiwa nasiphi na isakhiwo mihla, omnye wemiba ephambili ke imbonakalo kubuhle. Njengabo ayikho enye into kwifom jikelele lwezakhiwo abachatshazelwa yi uhlobo kunye noyilo eluphahleni. Kodwa ke umsebenzi uphahla ngaphezulu kakhulu uhombiso nje. Uphahla sikhusela ndlu ukufuma nokugcina ubushushu. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi uphahla kunye neenkqubo nophahla.

zithandwa kakhulu kunye nabanini zezindlu zabucala truss inkqubo uphahla hipped. Umphathi wesekethe yale hlobo apho zibekwa kophahla, inikeza phezulu ukuthembeka, iyahlala nsimbi. Ezi zinto zintathu kwisalathisi uphahla elungileyo.

Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo kwinkqubo eliseluphahleni

Kokuba uqale hlangana izakhiwo kufuneka ukuba ahlawule ingqalelo umgangatho izinto ekrwada, nto leyo eza kusetyenziselwa eyimveliso iimpawu umthwalo-ukuzala, ngenxa yokuba umthwalo ubunzima uphela uya swi phezu kwabo. Kumakhaya akukhetha ukusebenzisa imithi ibanga lokuqala, xa ezishedini, kwimikhukhu, kunye nezinye izakhiwo orhwebo lwe ibanga lesibini nelesithathu afanelekileyo.

Workpiece abaneziphene (amaqhina, amathanda) kungcono xha kuba yesitokhwe okanye hayi kwaphela.

Iindwendwe zivumelekile bubukho amaqhina 3 yesandi metre nganye. Ubukho lwamathanda kumphezulu encinane Kuvumeleke ukuba inani elincinane.

izinto yenethiwekhi zomthi kufuneka zibe-5 ubuncinane cm shinyi, bobude 6.5 m. Ukuba ezibonakalayo akuyona lide ngokwaneleyo, ukuba uyakwazi ukudibanisa vee ezizodwa okanye nge linings.

Features uphahla gambrel

Ukuba projekthi nophahla ibandakanya ubukho ezithambekileyo ezimbini ezinkulu trapezoidal nababini elifutshane - inkqubo truss gambrel kophahla, ukusondela kuya kunceda ukuqonda bokuqonda.

Truss olu hlobo iquka iintlobo ezininzi izixhaso: Central, usuke kunye emboxo. Soloko kubalulekile ukuba uthathe ingqalelo iimpawu zemozulu phambi kokuba baqalise ukuba inkqubo truss kwakhiwa uphahla hipped. Le nkqubo kufuneka athathe ingqalelo isiphumo nje yimimoya, uxinzelelo womoya uyancipha kunye nezinto isibonelelo eliseluphahleni. Ukusuka kwezi meko ixhomekeke ubude kunye engile kwamathambeka eluphahleni. Ukuze nkulu ukuchaneka izibalo, ungasebenzisa i inkqubo ekhethekileyo okanye ukubona yincutshe.

Izibonelelo gambrel uphahla

• Olu hlobo wophahla siyakwazi ukumelana ubuninzi umoya. Le isiphumo yimpumelelo ngenxa yokungabikho gables, zezilayidi umoya phezu komhlaba.
• imiqadi Corner phezu umqadi kummango nokuthintela nkqu deformation encinane.
• Nezixhobo zokukhabela zingenziwa ezinkulu ukukhusela iindonga emvuleni.
• Uphahla ine imbonakalo enomtsalane bayihombise nayiphi ukwakhiwa.

Iintlobo kunye neempawu iinkqubo uphahla hipped

Njengoko uhlobo eluphahleni wamisa, uphahla hipped zahlulwe iintlobo:

• Ententeni. Uphahla olu hlobo babe kwithambeka ngokulinganayo ezine nafanelekileyo kuphela izakhiwo square.
• Loma. Ziqulethe reyi ezahlukileyo kwiikona ezahlukeneyo. Ukufakelwa izakhiwo ezinjalo - umsebenzi kunokuba nzima.
• Poluvalmovaya. Nale nto, hip musa ukufikelela kuye ezantsi kugubungela gables kuphela. Ngenxa yoko, udonga ezincinane yandisa isiqingatha isakhiwo.

Ukongeza iintlobo umgangatho lweprojekthi kwinkqubo truss kophahla kusenokubandakanya ubukho iimpawu ezongezelelweyo noshowo:

• Gambrel inkqubo truss lophahla kunye uphahla - kuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwesithuba yokugcina njengoko igumbi lokuhlala. Esi sigqibo ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abanini izindlu-enomgangatho omnye. Eliphezulu ikuvumela ukuba 2 umphinda-ukwandisa ukusebenza kuzimele square zendlu. Ekwenzeni isicwangciso yefashoni ingqalelo indawo lwe window kwaye uqiniseke ukuba akukho iyayichaphazela ngumkhinkqi yonke isakhiwo.
• Gambrel inkqubo truss uphahla kunye nengabangaba lophahla unika isiphumo zokuhombisa nje kuphela, kodwa kuzimele ezongezelelweyo square kwi eliphezulu. Amaninzi kangaka window kongqameko olujikelezileyo, kunye umthombo wokukhanya. Umsebenzi nokudalwa "nengabangaba" ezinjalo kufuneka wenziwe ngocoselelo, kunye ngokukhethekileyo kuyimfuneko ukulawula engile nokujikeleza nobunzulu liqatywe.
• Gambrel inkqubo truss lophahla kunye window bay kukusebenzisa wokongeza i-ons ukuya kulwakhiwo olungundoqo truss. window Bay - a Buze ukusuka eludongeni ngokohlobo webalkoni, okanye ukwandiswa gumbi, ayeba ukuphucula ukukhanyisa egumbini. Ukuba ukuphakama kwesongezelelo elilinganayo ubude besakhiwo, ekwakhiweni kwendlu kuyimfuneko ukuze bakuthathele ingqalelo. Xa i window bay kwakhona abanokusebenza yokungena endlwini okanye everanda.

ibonwe

Gauge intonga - into elingathethekiyo, ingakumbi xa ukwakha inkqubo truss uphahla hipped. Icebo usebenzisa isixhobo esinjalo kunoko elula, kwanele ukuchonga kaloliwe ubungakanani asetyenziswa rhoqo.

Inkcitho ukuba nokuveliswa kwemizuzu emi-5, akuyi ukuba lonke ixesha umlinganiselo tape yokulinganisa. Yenza ukuba zingenziwa ngamaplanga okanye ububanzi kaloliwe omalunga-5 cm. Yobu- weMahalati luza kuhambelana ngqo ubuninzi kunye olinganise eziyimfuneko.

Manufacturing of a gambrel inkqubo truss kophahla

Phambi kokuba kuqale yemveliso yesakhelo umqadi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda izinto eziphambili kunye nokuhlola iimpawu yokufaka:

• Seahorse ise kanye kumbindi lokwakha;

• izinto ukwakha ezi imiqadi, omnye isiphelo yayo iqhotyoshelwe kule kummango, omnye ungaphandle kwemida ngesakhiwo, ukwakha itulo;

• isakhelo central livela skate kwaye uya eludongeni;

• isakhelo eliphakathi ikwafumaneka nayo kwi-umqadi Ridge luqhubeke ecaleni kumathambeka;

• imiqadi ezimfutshane zisetyenziswa ekuzalweni okutsha lweziqalelo ezongezelelweyo kunye skylights.

Ukuba kulungile ukuqonda bokuqonda kunye nezo inkqubo, nkqu self-zokwazisa uyakwazi ukufumana inkqubo truss ezikumgangatho ophezulu uphahla hipped. Iifoto yesakhelo ogqityiweyo enikwe kweli nqaku.

uphawu

Ukuphawula uyilo wenziwe kakuhle ngokulandelelana, kuxhomekeke izigaba umsebenzi owenziwe:

1. Ngokuyintloko ngecala kwesakhiwo kwi esqwini yokutrima eliphezulu libhaliwe.
2. Vymeryat ububanzi isiqingatha umqadi kummango kwaye imisela indawo kwelungu lokuqala kwinkqubo truss.
3. Rail yokulinganisa oko kuhambelana kwelinye icala ukuya kumgca esiphawuliweyo, kunye nezinye - ihambe kumgca eludongeni.
4. Ukubala ubude lesiphelo itulo omnye zixhonywe kwikona udonga olungaphandle kunye nezinye ukuvelisa itulo. Iziqalelo aseleyo ibalwa ngokusebenzisa oonotsheluza umlinganiselo kunye umgama oza izixhaso aphakathi.
5. Kwelinye ezimbombeni yenziwa amanyathelo afanayo. Ngoko kubalwa indawo imiqadi ekupheleni kunye nomqadi ephakeme.

yokubala

Xa kuhlelwa okanye nakhelwe inkqubo truss kophahla gambrel, ukubala kunye ukuchaneka scheme iya kuba yimiba ephambili ukuba impumelelo yale projekthi. Nge self-yokwakha ukuze kubalwe kufuneka lwenziwe ngeenkonzo zobungcali, ukuba oku akwenzeki, kufuneka ukusebenzisa isixhobo sokubala umyili iinkqubo uphahla hipped.

Xa izibalo projekthi kuthathwe iimpawu ezifana engile ukuthambekela ezithambekileyo. Kuba ukubala ibanga, nto leyo iza kwi umqadi esiphakathi, umqadi ukhethe enye njengendawo reference. Umgama ukusuka yokuqala ukuya kwikona yendlu kufuneka iyafana ubude bayo.

imiqadi esiPhakathi ilungiswe ngendlela efanayo, nemithi hipped ezinyuselwe ilungelo ecaleni lembombo.

yokubala practical

Nanku umzekelo ukubala njani imilinganiselo macandelo. Oku kufuneka kwenziwe ngaphambi okanye ngexesha xa inkqubo truss izicwangciso hipped uphahla. scheme uphahla kuphela umzekelo, kuba indlu ngamnye kuphela yiprojekthi efanelekileyo zadalwa.

1. Ngololiwe yokulinganisa ibalwa kumgama othe tye imiqadi intermediate bethana. Ngu uphahla yokubala itafile khetha ukuthambeka engile ngokupheleleyo ubone idatha japan imveliso ifunyenwe.
2. Ukulinganisa ubude emiqadini ukusuka kummango ukusa kwinqanaba sothimbo, anikwe Buze.
3. Oku kumiselwa ubude isixa itulo i index ulungiso kunye imbonakalo yeplani.

angles Ekunene ukugawula imiqadi ukuba beqwalasele ukuya kummango kakhulu zibalwa ngokwezibalo, ingangeni Ukufudumala ukuya engile ibhodi Ridge - isitshixo ngokwesakhiwo olomeleleyo.

Thina ukubala ubude yembombo imiqadi:

1. Vymeryat ubude umqadi ngaphandle itulo.
2. Intelekelelo zokwakhiwa imiqadi eziqhelekileyo kwisikwere kwaye kwingqikelelo eqhelekileyo.
3. Isiphumo endibufumeneyo liphindaphindwe lomlingani ukulungiswa, kwaye wafumana ubude umqadi emboxo.

ulandelelwano ukufakwa

Kokuqala ukwakha inkqubo lophahla iqala lokuvala mauerlat, akukho Okungumahluko inkqubo truss uphahla hipped. Iimpawu mauerlat ufakelo minye zonke iintlobo lweenkqubo kophahla:

• Stack mauerlat ibe kufutshane kwicala elingaphakathi eludongeni, ubuncinane-5 cm ukusuka ekupheleni engaphandle.
• Timber ngokwayo kufuneka makaqhotyoshelwe ngokuthe udonga lwesakhiwo.
• Umdibaniso lwenziwa ngokusebenzisa imigodi iiankile.

mauerlat ligxile nini, ungasa ku lenkqubo yofako kummango umqadi. Kuyimfuneko ukuba kubalwe ngokuchanekileyo ukuphakama kwaye ibekwe ngokufanelekileyo ngokuphathelele zonke rays, ngundoqo bokuphila uphahla xa iyonke.

Emva koko uthathe ukukhusela nezinye izinto thina. Bona fixed ngokusebenzisa azo okubamba phantsi umqadi ephakeme. Yonke le misebenzi ekunokuthiwa isanda.

Emva kokuba ukusebenza kokuqala sokuqala kwisigaba esiphakathi ekwakhiweni lophahla hipped owaqaliswa lokusekwa ezithambekileyo ecaleni. Kweli nqanaba kubalulekile ukuba esweni parallel ufakelo narozhnikov (polunog) coplanar kunye ezithambekileyo. Inqanaba lokugqibela le ukufakelwa Jumpers ezinophahla Pre-uphahla. Ezi amanyathelo ezisisiseko apho inkqubo truss ephakamileyo hipped uphahla. Izandla zabo , olu hlobo uphahla nga kuvuswa kuphela ukuqulunqa imizobo kunye izibalo.

ukuqinisa kwesakhiwo

Isakhiwo kophahla Ngokuqhelekileyo, hipped uthembekile yaye uyakwazi ukumelana imithwalo enzima. Kodwa kwiimeko apho iprojekthi nophahla ibandakanya kwithambeka encinane, umthwalo ikhephu liya kuba ngaphezulu lee kokuba lwehla eweni, ngoko ufanele ukwenze ukomeleza isakhiwo yonke. Ukomeleza kungenxa Sprengel okanye truss izixhaso.

Sprengel - iplanga ukuze sibekwe kwi ngokudibanisa kweendonga ezimbini yomumo. ngamaplanga ezifana lisebenza njengesiseko kwezibonda ezixhasa emiqadini. Le ndlela komeleza kumazantsi isakhiwo. Kuba ekomelezeni nakumphezulu ukusetyenziswa kwifama truss.

isiphelo

uphahla Hipped ofunekayo zonke iintlobo zezakhiwo, ubunzima eziphambili ekwakhiweni kwayo hipped inkqubo truss kophahla. Iifoto kunye nemizobo kunceda ukuqonda ngokweenkcukacha umba abo ukwenza ufakelo yabo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ukuqonda inkqubo yobugcisa kunye magama asetyenziswe kolu lwakhiwo.

Kubalulekile ukuba banikele ingqalelo ukhetho izinto. Inxalenye sinesiphene uya kungekudala kuba nefuthe elibi kurhulumente kwinkqubo truss.

Kuba ukongeza ufakelo yesakhelo kophahla ukusebenza kakuhle imfuneko ukuvelisa kwizinga eliphezulu yokugquma, umphunga, amanzi kwaye khetha i ekunene ezibonakalayo ukuze ustilki lokugqibela.