FBI (FBI): okotshiweyo lwezishunqulelo nezishunqulelo, neendawo ezenza umdla

Yawo onke lizwe arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho. Umsebenzi wabo ijolise ekukhuseleni amalungelo nenkululeko abemi, ulwaphulo-mthetho, ukulwa amatyala, ukhuselo lwesidima kwamandla, ukulwa ubunqolobi. Phakathi nemisebenzi abanye babo ukuba alungiselele imisebenzi counter-ubukrelekrele nobukrelekrele. Le uluhlu lwemisebenzi eyenziwa ziinkonzo ezahlukeneyo kunye neearhente kube kwiqondo elithile ngaphantsi phezulu karhulumente. Umsebenzi kwezi olawulo kufuneka, ukususela kwinqanaba lolwaphulo-mthetho kunye ubugrogrisi namhlanje likhulu phantse onke amazwe, ingakumbi kwi-US. Le meko iye isoloko idume ubukho sama ezisindayo. Abaseki yoseko wadala umatshini yokwenene yezopolitiko, nto leyo esele zisebenza ukutyhubela iinkulungwane eziliqela. Ukuze le nkqubo isebenze kakuhle, amasebe ezizodwa kufuneka ukuba ukusebenza okulungileyo amagunya yaye lenze umsebenzi lokugcina umthetho nocwangco. Ngezantsi, sijonga enye amalungu ibalulekileyo eUnited States, nto leyo lidlala indima enkulu kakhulu ekulweni ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye counter-krelekrele. Igama le sakhiwo FBI.

ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga FBI

Ziqonde lo mbono ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: I-Federal Bureau of Investigation. Le arhente, ebhekisele US Department of Justice, kodwa kuxhomekeke jikelele ligqwetha. I-Ofisi iyinxenye Intelligence uluntu-United States of America. igunya FBI ukuba iphande ngako nakuphi na ukunyhashwa imithetho yaseburhulumenteni ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwesizwe kunye nokhuseleko mongameli US. I-Ofisi wenza eminye imisebenzi emininzi, ezifana njengokuhlola labemi abafuna ukusebenza kwizakhiwo zikaRhulumente, ukubeka esweni abazimele, eUnited States. Le umzimba idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulweni nobundlobongela obulungelelanisiweyo. Ngelo FBI, kukho amasebe lonke ekuqubisaneni Ulwamvila kwi emigulukudu kunye nophuhliso lwabo ekhawulezayo. Zininzi namarhe intelekelelo malunga nemisebenzi ngokungekho mthethweni FBI, kodwa kubhaliwe kuyo. Xa kungekho tyala ayikwazi kuchongwa yi CIA kunye FBI. Ukutolikwa la igama elahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo, kwakunye imisebenzi eyenziwa ngabo.

Imbali wendalo. Bureau of Investigation

Umbutho enemvelaphi yayo esekwe of Investigation 1908 Bureau. Initiative ukuseka umzimba onjalo sifakwe Attorney General Charles Bonaparte. Yayame iqhuba ngaphezulu owayengumongameli Teodor Ruzvelt. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Bureau of Investigation ngo-1908 yahluke gqitha ukusuka FBI yanamhlanje. Abawacazululayo igama kwenza kucace ukuba arhente ngoku namatyala federal, kwaye Bureau of Investigation akazange abe uluhlu ecacileyo lwemisebenzi. indalo balo ngenxa imeko yezopolitiko ezingazinzanga ehlabathini. States kwasala kancane kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I, imisebenzi izakhiwo intelligence sibi. Bureau of Investigation kwafuneka ukuba alwe isisongelo arhente zasemzini, kunye nokunika nokukhuseleka ukusasazeka Communism eUnited States. Ukongeza, i-Ofisi isebenzela ukuqinisekisa isenzo 'umthetho owomileyo "kwi US.

FBI 1935

Ukususela ngo-1935 kwi-United States arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho luvela ungayiqondiyo FBI (FBI). UMlawuli isebe waba Edvard Guver. Ukususela ngalo mzuzu iqala isebe elitsha ngokupheleleyo ibali. FBI Umqambi John Edvard Guver kwakukho indoda twa kunye pedantic. Ngexesha lolawulo lwakhe nyaka-37 njengentloko umnyango iphumelele iziphumo ezibalulekileyo ekulweni ulwaphulo-mthetho oluqulunqiweyo bali-krelekrele. Imisebenzi ye-FBI kakhulu ngaphandle kwe-arhente zikarhulumente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho. Oku kungqinwa isixa igunya esafumana arhente ezikhethekileyo. Oku kakhulu ngokucacileyo imisebenzi obubonakalayo FBI ngexesha le-Great Depression eUnited States xa lizwe zafumana lulwaphulo enkulu kwandile. Ngeli xesha, abaphathi ezininzi ulwaphulo-mthetho, bengabenzi bobubi, kunye nezinye abameli kokusingqongileyo kwiqembu watyala okanye abulawe. Kubo unguye Dzhona Dillindzhera, Esize Nelson, George Kelly, Intle Boy Floyd, kunye nabanye.

imisebenzi counter-intelligence FBI

Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zemisebenzi ezicacileyo neyokusithela eyenziwa yi-FBI. Le ukulwa ulwaphulo-mthetho - asiyonto umsebenzi ophambili kweli sebe. Okunye amacandelo kuqala sokubala-krelekrele. Ekuqaleni, umsebenzi counter-ingqondo kuphela ukunqanda ukusasazeka nolobukomanisi. Kodwa emva yeSibini kweMfazwe Yehlabathi, iphambili yaba ekulweni arhente zasemzini, ingakumbi eSoviet. Le ndawo yomsebenzi FBI abahlelwa ngokuthe ngqo, ngoko iingxelo ngqo bambalwa kakhulu. Noko ke, le eendaba American njalo ipapasha amanqaku malunga arhente FBI kubamba ndiyintlola langaphandle amanye amazwe.

Ubume bale Federal Bureau of Investigation

Njengayo nayiphi na i-arhente zokunyanzelisa umthetho esinzulu, i-FBI isakhiwo yayo yangaphakathi ebandakanya le miba ilandelayo:

- Imiba yengqesho abasebenzi kwaNdlunkulu.

- Office Discipline.

- Office, ezijongene nayo yonke imicimbi oluntu, ngokunjalo nonxibelelwano kunye Congress.

- iCandelo inkonzo zoLawulo kunye counter-ubunqolobi.

- CSR (isebe uphando lolwaphulo-mthetho).

- Department of Inspection.

- Investigative Division.

- Division Security National.

- Department of uqeqesho.

Igama Official igunya kwi US FBI. Ziqonde igama unika ithuba ukuqonda kolawulo isakhiwo, leyo eqhelekileyo kummandla eUnited States. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba FBI ithatha ngokoqobo umsebenzi amapolisa, kodwa ayikho. kolawulo Police waphuma kuphela imeko apho isebenza ngqo, lo gama i-FBI uqhuba imisebenzi yayo kulo eMelika. Office iphanda "ulwaphulo-mthetho federal" (ukuxhwila, inkuzi, ubugrogrisi, kokubulawa amagosa aphezulu karhulumente, njalo njalo).

Bureau of izinto ezingekho mthethweni

Kuyo ubukho FBI wahamba lukhulu izibakala malunga mthethweni imisebenzi yesebe. Ngaphezu koko, ngokufuthi kwakukho amangqina. Umzekelo, COINTELPRO - yeyona imisebenzi inkulu mthethweni oluqhutywa yi-FBI. Ziqonde imfihlelo inkcazelo yakhe kwakhokelela bazise ezinye izenzo ezimbi zobu abasemagunyeni. Ngokutsho izibakala sebelungele kwi arhente program kule abakule sisisulu ngabom amanye amaqela oluntu ngenjongo impahla ngakumbi. Kwakhona kukho imithombo emininzi ezibonisa ukuba Edvard Guver ngokwakhe, ngelo intloko FBI, ibiba iinkokheli zezindlu Italian-American Mafia. Abemi abaninzi US ngokuphindaphindiweyo uxelile wiretapping mthethweni, iliso yezithuthi Internet. Ngokutsho kwezinye amarhe, i-FBI angathanda ukusebenzisa inkonzo «Gmail» iliso tracking imeyili. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho ulwazi oluthembekileyo eyayiza ukuqinisekisa imisebenzi okungekho mthethweni kwi FBI. izinto ziqonde implicating arhente ukuba izenzo ezingekho mthethweni wenziwe, kodwa ulwahlulohlulo yokhuseleko ababengathanga kususwe ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuseka ukubandakanyeka abasemagunyeni kunzima kakhulu. Mhlawumbi urhulumente US ligubungela ngokupheleleyo igunya lokuthotyelwa komthetho, ogama imisebenzi phezu kwengalo yakhe.

FBI Academy

To-arhente uhlala zazaliswa ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo, ngo-1972 kumisa i FBI Academy okhethekileyo, sise emazantsi imikhosi aselwandle eUnited States. amaziko oqeqesho nezixhotyiswe ngeteknoloji entsha. Kukho kwakhona umzi-eyakhelwe injongo, nto leyo esebenza njengendawo yokulahlela noqeqesho wokusetyenzwa-arhente ezikhethekileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Kule akhademi kwizifundo yokuzihlaziya, kwakunye njengoko wenza ukuba alungiselele, iiarhente "abaselula" entsha ofisi FBI. Ukucazulula okanye ugcino data ezibuthathaka akwenziwa apha, njengoko oku nje nesiseko yoqeqesho. abasebenzi Ngako oko ke ziyacelwa apha arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho langaphandle ukwabelana ngamava.

isiphelo

Ngoko ke, siye sakufunda ngokweenkcukacha enye izakhiwo ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo-arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho US - i FBI. izifinyezo ziqonde wasinika ithuba lokuba bajongane nemisebenzi ukuba arhente owenza. Ngokubanzi, kufuneka kunokuthiwa FBI - oku umzekelo obalaseleyo lombutho arhente federal, negunya phezu ummandla karhulumente yonke. Amanye amazwe kunye neenkqubo federal indawo kufuneka ibe ukwakha phezu umzekelo we-United States of America.