Eyona umsebenzi udakada emzimbeni. Size, isakhiwo umzimba

Ukuba ubuza umntu avareji, apho, ngokwembono yakhe, lo organ kakhulu ezingaqhelekanga umangalisayo udakada - yinto impendulo ngolwazelelelo. Abantu abaninzi abanazo ngokunxulumene amayeza, awukwazi ucacise into kwakusafuneka yena. Ukuze angasusa amathandabuzo kunye ukufumana umsebenzi lo, Kakade ke, ilungu ebalulekileyo, siye sagqiba ukuthatha uhambo olufutshane kungena nokwakheka amalungu yento ephilayo.

isakhiwo

Udakada ndoda - umzimba unpaired equka yintlama, ebanjwe capsule olwandeleyo kwizicwili. Ukususela iindonga philisi yandisa nzulu ezintambo emzimbeni (trabecula) eqinisa parenchyma ethambileyo. Histologically bahlukana iileya ezimbini okanye imimandla lomzimba: abomvu namhlophe.

Eyona umzimba ubunzima ido- ebomvu. Ukuba kuchaphazela umsebenzi udakada emzimbeni. Kwaye ukuba ngqo, umsebenzi phambi intwana encinane loo umzimba ubeke lukhulu nokuvuthwa kwiiseli ukuya nokuchithwa amasuntswana amazwe.

Inxalenye imhlophe ye yintlama unalo umbala ngenxa nokuqulethileyo eliphezulu lymphocyte. Enyanisweni, oko kubangela ukuba umsebenzi engundoqo kule nxalenye yolu parenchyma - nokugcina nezifo.

Ngomhla umda ebomvu kunye mbandela Elimhlophe ummandla abekelwe okanye buthelezi, elijongene nayo ukuze kubalwe kunye nokuphelisa iintsholongwane angaphandle emzimbeni womntu.

spleen abadala afikelele ukuya iisentimitha elinesithandathu elide, ezintandathu - aphezulu ezimbini ezinesiqingatha ububanzi. Oku njengesilinda elimbhoxo atshabalalisa.

Indawo (isimo)

Ukuba uthathe njengendawo reference thina yomqolo, le udakada iya kuba umda phakathi kwe yethoba ukuya ubambo elinanye. On top of kuyo kukho kovalo ngaphambili - eludongeni ngomva esiswini nepancreas, kwicala - ikholoni nangesemva - washiya wezintso kwaye ingaba adrenal. Peritoneum (a iphepha obhityileyo kwithishyu nokuqina), udakada sigqunywa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa endaweni kwimikhumbi yokungena nokuphuma umzimba (kummandla esangweni), ukuba inxalenye encinane ukhululekile kuwo peritoneum.

supply Igazi innervation

isakhiwo spleen iyakuba ingagqitywanga ngaphandle ukukhankanywa iimpawu ezibalulekileyo yokwakheka njengoko imithambo yegazi kunye luvo ukuba sikhule umzimba. Inkqubo neuropathy nervous inikwa kweli candelo amasebe kwi-luvo vagus (inxalenye kwezityalo) - inoxanduva ekwenzeni imisebenzi yebhunga, neminye imicu elandisiweyo ukususela plexus splenic (inxalenye onovelwano) ezithumela intlungu, proprioceptive kunye nezinye pulses.

Perfused imithambo spleen yabantu oqala nge-aorta esiswini. Nabo ke, yahlulwe amasebe splenic, kunye nabo - phezu imithambo segmental. Ngoko kukho ngakumbi eyayizalwa inqanaba kunye trabecular ukuyilwa imithambo ido- encinane.

Ukususela igazi udakada returns kwi Kwangale portal. Elidityaniswe ngqo esangweni esibindini.

embryogenesis

Kwi kwiveki yesine okanye yesihlanu emva kokukhulelwa, xa umbungu yi tube evuthelweyo nezenziwe kweemakhishithi eziliqela kwithishyu, kukho udakada tab lwegciwane. Kodwa kwiveki elinanye umzimba intrauterine foetal ubomi kuthatha uhlobo oqhelekileyo, kukho iinkqubo leeseli ukuqokelelana ikamva inyama lymphoid.

Imilinganiso yalo udakada, ngokunjalo umsebenzi wayo emva kokuzalwa ziyahluka ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kuphela emva kokuba elivisayo yena sformirovyvaetsya lokugqibela.

imisebenzi

Asikwazi ukuba ngamnye kuthi wacinga ngalo mbuzo: "Yintoni na umsebenzi udakada emzimbeni?" Kwaye ukuba ucinge ngolo hlobo, weza intloko, ukuba achaze umsebenzi amalungu umntu ongenayo ulwazi oluthile, kunzima kakhulu.

Okokuqala of bonke kuyinto ngumthombo iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Kulapha ukuba amanqanaba hlukeneyo, sivuthwe uye kungena egazini. Umsebenzi wesibini udakada emzimbeni - omzimba. It kuhlelwe omzimba naziphi na izinto ezingaqhelekanga oluwe igazi. Okwesithathu, inxenye ebaluleke kangako somzimba ekutshatyalalisweni iiseli ezindala igazi, ngokungathanga ngqo, ukwakheka inyongo. Ngapha koko, lo msebenzi osemqoka le udakada emzimbeni kuyinxalenye ukutya zentsimbi kunye yokuqaphela.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula indima edlalwe yi umzimba inkqubo ngokutsha igazi. Phantse isinye kwisithathu zonke zegazi (iipleyiti igazi) zigcinwa kwi udakada ukuya kwindawo apho kufuneka khona umzimba. Omnye umsebenzi udakada nexesha yophuhliso siswini komntwana. Xa akenziwanga Obumbe umongo, ngenxa yakhe ngokusebenzisa iimpahla umbungu ihamba iiseli ezibomvu kunye iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi.

umsebenzi spleen emzimbeni kuhlala imfihlelo koogqirha mihla. Ezinye zazo ifundwe, kodwa kusekuninzi ingaziwa. inzululwazi esemthethweni ayinikeli naziphi na iimpendulo esichazayo.

izifo spleen

Isimanga, kunye imfihlelo leyo umzimba kuseyimfuneko basengozini ezahlukeneyo iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi zifo eziziisekondari ezibangelwa iingxaki zempilo ezikhoyo, ezifana kophulwa umthetho hematopoiesis, omzimba, ithumba. Le sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi iphambili le udakada - buyinto ezinqabe kakhulu.

isifo sentliziyo

Umsebenzi iphambili udakada emzimbeni - igazi-sisenziwa, ngoko parenchyma wayo luphokoke inani elikhulu iinqanawa. Le nyaniso, kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, vuyelo lebyinene eka emzimbeni, nako ngunobangela sifo. Ukuba kuthi ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, inxalenye udakada washiywa ngaphandle igazi, oko uphuhlisa wahlaselwa yintliziyo. Ischemia indawo encinci kunokubangela njengokungathi ubenetloni, kodwa ukuba inxalenye ebalulekileyo yomzimba ochaphazelekayo, umntu uziva Yintlungu engapheliyo. Mhlawumbi angakanani ukuya ngasemva aphantsi kunye nokunyuka dude.

imilenze volvulus

Njengezinye izitho parenchymal, lo udakada uba umlenze equka kwemithambo, imithambo yegazi kunye luvo lwe ezimbini. Bagcina ukutya okwaneleyo kunye nokwenziwa komsebenzi. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuphatheka okanye ngesiquphe ukwehla kobunzima, kukho imilenze torsion. Le meko ezisongela ubomi. Ngenxa yokunqongophala igazi kuyenzeka necrosis kunye kobungxowa inyama ivelisa obuba- bonakalise umzimba womntu. Iintlungu xa isimo esinjalo womelele, imela-ezifana, wada andabikho zingqondweni.

ithumba

Oku akhawulwe kuzo zonke ezinye ingqwalasela isicwili ukudumba kwi amalungu parenchymal. Oku kuvela izifo lokuqala okanye ezenqanaba lesibini virus. Ekuqaleni kungenzeka ukuzibonakalisa nangayiphi na indlela, kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha ubungakanani obuba- yande umzimba, kukhokelela kuphuhliso ifiva, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha. Kwaye loo nto xa intlungu ibonakala. Uya kusuka ekhohlo costal umda phezu inxalenye enye esifubeni negxalaba. Ukumisela indawo yenkqubo zophendlo lwezifo kunokwenzeka ngokusebenzisa ultrasound kunye X-ray.

gap

Kukho iindidi ezimbini : of ugqabhuka udakada capsular kunye subcapsular. I wokuqala kuchongwa nangoko inokuphumela intlungu, yaye imbonakalo wendlela ingqondo yomntu, kwakunye iimeko yokwenzakala. Ngokuqhelekileyo ke ingozi, ukulwa okanye ukuwa ukusuka ephakamileyo. uqhekeko Subcapsular asiyi kuba kwaoko azikaqapheleki kwaye idala ingqiqo impumelelo lobuxoki. Ukuba umsantsa lincinane, kwaye ukopha ngaphakathi emzimbeni ngokukhawuleza siyekile, unyango umntu ingafuneki. Eli candelo udakada uya kutshintshwa kuze kufakwe kwizicwili. Kodwa kwimeko elide enzima ukopha fluid baziqwebele phantsi philisi, alolulele, yaye kuya kukhokelela komsipha le kwizicwili. negazi elosulelekileyo lingena kwisisu, ibangela peritonitis yophela intra-esiswini. Intlungu kakhulu, ezibukhali, kwicala lasekhohlo lwe esiswini, uqhebeke igxalaba.

cyst

Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu ngalo rhoqo buthuntu ekhathazayo intlungu ikota yesangqa ephezulu ekhohlo. It utshisa esiswini, leyo ubuhlungu xa besitya. A irhashalala uqhagamshelwano kunye ukurhawuzelela kwindawo ezayo le udakada, ukukhuthaza abantu ukuba aye kwagqirha. Cyst - isifo, ukuvumbulula, ukubonwa iimviwo ultrasound kwisisu.

neoplasms

ebubonisayo

Kakhulu kunqabile ukuba udakada. Oku hemangioma, lymphoma, endotelioma okanye fibroma. Iintlungu bakufikise, umsebenzi omzimba abachaphazelekayo. Kodwa ukuba ngenxa yesizathu esithile ithumba elihle akhula ukusuka kwisayizi ukuze ekuqalekeni ukuba olule leli philisi, ukuze kubonakale iintlungu buthuntu gqolo, njengoko kwi cyst. Kule meko ke kungcono ukuba babhenele imiba zokusebenza, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba iziko komsipha.

amabi

Iiplastiki lokuqala, xa nethumba ise ngqo kwi udakada, kwaye zasesekondari, uhlobo kuwenza. Ubukhulu becala yaphuhliswa kolawulo nee-. kwegazi Rich ukuba udakada nto leyo zeendawana obalaseleyo. Le ntlungu kuvele iminyaka emininzi, de ithumba sikhula, kodwa xa ifikelela ubungakanani ezibalulekileyo, ukonakala kweendlela elibukhali kubume bentlalo kufuneka akhokele enye ukuyikholelwa somhlaza. Ukongeza mizwa ntofontofo iya kuba waphawula ukwehla kobunzima, ukungabi namdla wokutya, isicaphucaphu.

splenomegaly

Oku kwanda ubukhulu udakada ngenxa impendulo zembuyekezo wezifo ezicwangcisiweyo ukudumba okanye samathambo, kwakunye ngokoyiswa hematopoiesis. Okunye eziqhelekileyo abantwana kokuya esikolweni nokuba ubudala ngexesha esikolweni. Xa abadala, le meko amanqaku ezinqabe kakhulu. Intlungu iya etsala ezisisigxina, kodwa emva kokususa unobangela zonke ukubuyela esiqhelweni.

Mhlawumbi ukwazi oko akubantwini bonke namhlanje, benamzimba unjani - le udakada, phi kwaye njani kubuhlungu. Kodwa umsebenzi umsebenzi jikelele wesithili okanye yincutshe ngaphezulu kukuba, imbali eqokelelweyo kakuhle, ukuchonga umonakalo, kungakhathaliseki ulwazi yomguli komzimba womntu. le izifo zomzimba zidla bezenze zesisu, intliziyo, iintlungu kwezihlunu, iyenza nzima ukubona.

Ubume udakada liyayivumela ukuba ingakhethi umqokeleli bakhonza iiseli zabo igazi kwaye ngaxeshanye nelaye lasisiseko iiyunithi omzimba. Kuyinto ukhetheke ubuchule yayo hlobo ukuba ngeke sigqibe ukuba akukho umzimba enye. indima spleen abantu abaqhelekileyo isoloko phantsi, kodwa ukuba uhlahlelo olunzulu, kunokwenzeka ukuba sizibuze indlela kuxhomekeke ntle yayo. Khathalela impilo yakho! Kungcono ukuba aphile ubomi kwaye andazi ukuba yintoni enye intlungu ikota yesangqa ephezulu ekhohlo.

Yintoni udakada? Phi kwaye kubuhlungu njani? Imibuzo enjalo ebuzwa ngabantu abonwabileyo, umzimba enqamleza ngathi clockwork.