Eyona miphunga ephambili ye-antibiotics emva kokuhlinzwa: ukuhlaziywa kweziyobisi, iimpawu zokwamkelwa, impendulo

Emva kokuphandwayo, kukho ukuphakama okuphezulu kweengxaki ezinengxaki. Oku kungenxa yokusuleleka kwilonda, kwakunye nokubonakala kokuphuhliswa kwenkqubo yokuvuvukala kuyo. Yingakho i-antibiotics imiselwe emva kokusebenza. Ezi khemikhali zisetyenziselwa ukubulala ii-pathogenic. Isiphumo salo mphumo kukupheliswa kwenkqubo yokuvuvukala.

Igama elithi "antibiotics" ekuguquleleni ukusuka kwisiGrike lasendulo lithetha "ngokuchasene nobomi." Kwaye eli gama ligunyazisa ukusebenza kwendlela. Emva koko, zisetyenziselwa ukunqanda ukuphuhliswa kweeseli eziphilayo.

Iintsholongwane emva kokuhlinzwa ziqeshwe ngudokotela oya kwiindawo. Kuphela ngolwazi lwakhe kunye nemilinganiselo efanelekileyo kufuneka ukuba unyango olunjalo luqhutywe.

Uyimfuneko yokwamkela

Iintsholongwane emva kokuhlinzwa ugqirha ugqithisa izigulane ngendlela yokwelapha i-antibiotic. Nangona kunjalo, ochwepheshe beza kuqala uphando kwiklinikhi yeengxaki, kunye nohlobo lwenkqubo yokuvuvukala.

Ngaba ndifuna ama-antibiotics emva kokusebenza? Ugqirha unikela impendulo kulo mbuzo ngokusekelwe kwimimiselo ethile yomzimba wesigulane ngasinye. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo ezinokuchaphazela isigqibo esithile seengcali. Emva koko, xa kukhethwa i-antibiotics, kuyimfuneko ukuvavanya ngokufanelekileyo imeko yokhuselo lomzimba wesigulane, ukunganyamezelani kwamanye amaqela eekhemikhali, njl.

Ukufumana i-antibiotics emva kokusebenza kufuneka kube lula unyango lomguli. Inendima ebalulekileyo idlalwe ngokuthintela ukukhusela iingxaki ezahlukahlukeneyo ezibangelwa ngongenelelo olunyango.

Kutheni i antibiotics?

Ngokungafani neminye imichiza, la mayeza ayenawo umphumo kuwo onke ama-receptors eseli. I-antibiotics iyichaphazela kakhulu i-microorganisms, eyabangela ukuphuhliswa kwenkqubo yokuvuvukala. Batshabalalisa loo mabhaktheriya awanamdla kubo. Kwaye akunandaba nokuba bangela ukuba isifo okanye cha.

Isenzo kumzimba

Yintoni eyenzekayo xa isigulane sithatha i-antibiotics emva kokuhlinzwa? Ukungena emzimbeni womntu ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, basegazini.

Ukongezelela, amayeza e-antibiotics aqokelela kwizitho ezithile. Apha zivelisa umphumo wazo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zisetyenziswe ngaphakathi, ngokusemthethweni okanye ngomlomo. Into ephambili kukuba isigulane kufuneka ithathe izidakamizwa ngexesha kwaye kunye nesilinganiso esifanelekileyo. I-antibiotiki ixutywe emzimbeni nge-bile kunye nomchamo.

Iimeko zokukhetha

Ziziphi i antibiotics ezimiselwe emva kokusebenza? Ngokhetho lwabo ugqirha ubona ezi zilandelayo zihlandlo:

- ukukwazi ukungena ngokukhawuleza kwigazi;
- ithuba lokuqokelela kwendawo yenkqubo yokuvuvukala;
- ubukho benani elincinci lemiphumo;
- ukulungelelaniswa kwefom yefayili;
Ixesha elichithwe egazini (kungekhona iiyure ezisibhozo);
Ezinobungozi obuphantsi;
- indawo yeprogram epheleleyo;
- ukukhawuleza kokusasazeka kwesifo;
- iimpawu ezikhoyo kwii-pathogenic;
- ukumelana ne-arhente kwiintlobo ezithile zamachiza.

Yintoni oogqirha abakhetha ukuyibeka?

Ziziphi i antibiotics okufanele ndizithathe emva kokusebenza? Uluhlu lwezidakamizwa ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ngabachwepheshe kwiimeko ezinjalo ziquka:

1. I-Cephalosporins. Ezi ziyi-antibiotics ezifana neCefrioxone, iCefotaxin, iCefazolin kunye nabanye. Ezi zi yobisi ziyakwazi ukungena kwi-aerobic kunye ne-anaerobic agents, ngokuxhomekeke kutshintsho kwi-enzyme zabo zeeprotheyini. Isiphumo salolu nyathelo luvimbela ukwahlula kweeseli zamancinci.

2. Amayeza avela kwiqela lama-aminoglycosides. Ukulungiselela okunjalo, ngokukodwa, "i-Amikacin". Izinto ezisebenzayo azikwazi ukuhlasela iintsholongwane zebhaktheriya zepathogenic, kodwa ziyeka i-mitosis, ichithe i-synthesis of proteins. Ngenxa yoko, iibhaktheriya ziyafa.

3. Ukulungiswa kweqela le-penicillin. Oku, ngokukodwa, isixhobo esinjalo njenge "Amoxiclav". Iqukethe i-amoxicillin kunye ne-clavulanic acid. Iyokuqala kwezi zinto ziyanciphisa kakhulu inkqubo yokubunjwa kweembrane zeseli, kwaye okwesibini (i-asidi) inqanda ukukhuselwa kweebhaktheriya kwizinto zokulwa ne-antibacterial.

4. Ukulungiswa kweqela le-carbalenem. Phakathi kwabo, oogqirha baninzi badla isixhobo esinjalo njenge "Meropenem." Itshabalalisa i-protein, ephazamisa ukusasazeka kwee-microorganisms ze-pathogenic. Ngelo xesha, ukuveliswa kweesibisi nge-gram-negative microorganisms kwakhona. Oku kubangela ukubonakala kweyonyango elongezelelweyo.

Zonke ezi zi yobisi ziyiqela le-beta-lactam. Ukuba i-antibiotics imiselwe emva kokusebenza, zeziphi ezisetyenziswa kuqala? Okokuqala, oogqirha banikezela izidakamizwa ezisechungechungeni lwe-cephalosporin. Oku kubangelwe umsebenzi owandisiweyo wale nkonzo kwi-nxalenye ephambili ye-microorganisms yegram-negative ne-gram. Ukongezelela, izilwanyana ezimiselweyo ezivela kweli qela, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, yiyona ndlela yonyango ephezulu emva kokusebenza, ekubeni isenzo saso sikwazi ukubulala intsholongwane kumngcipheko omncinci wokuphuhlisa iziphumo ezingathandekiyo.

Iifom kunye nekhosi yo kwamkelwa

Kuphela kusetyenziswe indlela yokusebenzisa i-antibiotics emva kokuhlinzwa. Ziziphi iintlobo zamachiza ezikhethiweyo? Bahlukile. Ngokomzekelo, i-antibiotics-injections emva kokuhlinzwa inganyulwa. Kule meko, sebenzisa izixazululo ezilungiselelwe ukulungelelanisa, kunye namalungiselelo kwifom ye powders.

Ezi zibandakanya iziyobisi eziyinxalenye yeqela leembalbalenems kunye ne-cephalosporins. Ukongezelela, kwixesha lokuhamba emva, ama-antibiotics anganikwa kwiipilisi, kunye nokumiswa. Ziyasetyenziswa kwezo meko xa imeko yesigulane ingazinzi, kwaye izinga lokuvuvukala liphantsi.

Ukuba i-antibiotics imiselwe emva kokusebenza, zingaphi iintsuku kufuneka ndiyithathele ikhosi? Ithuba lokuthatha ezo ziyobisi zilawulwa ngokuthe ngqo. Isixa salo asifanele sidlule iintsuku ezisixhenxe. Iimpazamo ziimeko kuphela zezilonda ezinzulu, i-sepsis, kwakunye ne-bacterium. Ngalolu phuhliso lokukhubazeka, kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa amanxusa amaninzi ngexesha elinye, kunye nokusebenzisana noluphi unyango olubhekiselele kunyango lwe-antibacterial.

Uqikelelo lwamalungiselelo

Kukholelwa ukuba indlela efanelekileyo yokusebenzisa i-antibiotics emva kokusebenza iinjenisi. Makhe sicinge ngeendlela ezisisiseko zokusungulwa kwamalungiselelo asetyenziswa rhoqo.

1. I-Cephalosporins. Ezi antibiotics zilawulwa ngumjovo kunye nokunyuswa. Ugqirha ubala i-dose esekelwe kumfanekiso weklinikhi okhoyo. Ngexesha leeyure ezisibhozo, i-antibiotics inokubakho kwi-gram e-0.25-0.5 imiselwe, kunye ne-1-gram phakathi neehora ezili-12. Ukuba imeko yesigulane ibuhlungu, inani leziyobisi ezilawulwayo liyancipha.

2. Injini okanye i-injection injection ye-antibiotic efana ne "Amikacin" yenziwe. Yaye umlinganiselo wakhe wemihla ngemihla unqunywe ngumgqirha oya kwixesha elisekelwe kwisisindo somguli. I-kilogram enye kufuneka icetywe 10-15 mg yesilwanyana. Umthamo opheleleyo we-antibiotic uhlulwe ngamanani amaninzi.

3. Injected or injection injected kunye neziyobisi ezifana ne "Amoxiclav." Izihlandlo ezintathu uhlaselwa abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-12 ubudala, kunye nezigulane zabantu abadala. Umthamo omnye ungama 1-2 gram. Xa isigulane siseqela elidala ukusuka kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kutsho iminyaka elinesibini, inani lemveliso ejoyiweyo libalwa ngesisindo. Kule meko, enye ikhilogram kufuneka ilawulwe i-30 mg yesilwanyana.

4. Ukunyuswa kwamanzi, i-intravenously okanye i-bolus isebenzisa isichengisisi esinjenge "Meropenem." Imilinganiselo efunekayo igqitywe ngugqirha esekelwe kwisigulane se-postoperative. Kwiimeko apho iinkqubo ezivuthayo zenzeke kwinqabileyo yolusu okanye izicubu, inkqubo ye-urrogenital okanye kwimiphunga, le nkunkuma ilawulwa kathathu ngosuku ukuya kwi-0.5 g. Kwimeko ye-sepsis (intsholongwane ye-bacteria), umyinge uvela kwi-1 ukuya kwi-2 gram. Abantwana banqunywe le antibiotic esekelwe ubunzima bayo, kubala kwikhilomitha enye ye-30-60 mg.

Ngethuba lokuthatha phantse nayiphi na i-antibiotic, izigulane zinokufumana iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo ezahlukeneyo ngendlela yokuhlanza kunye neentlanzi, isisu esiswini kunye nesisu esiswini, kunye ne-dysbiosis. Ukusetyenziswa kwezi zonyango njenge "Cefotaxin" kunye ne "Cefazolin", ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa ukuphendulela, ukubonakala kweentloko kunye nokuvuvukala kwi-jabs. Kule meko, inani lama-leukocyte kunye neeplatelet liyancipha kwigazi.

Imiphumo emibi evela kwi-antibiotic "Ceftriaxone", ngaphezu kwezo zonke ezibalwe apha ngasentla, zibandakanya uluhlu lwabo uphuhliso lwe-candidiasis, kunye nokuvela kweenkqubo ezivuthayo kwi-pelal pelvis.

Xa usebenzisa i-drug "Amoxiclav," i-hematuria yongezwa kuluhlu lwezinto ezimbi. Kwaye i "Meropegem" inokukhupha iitampu. I-antibiotics "i-Amikacin" kwezinye izigulane kunciphisa ukusebenza kwezitho zentetho kunye neentso.

Emva kokusebenza kwamazinyo

Ukuqeshwa kwamagqirha wamazinyo akwenza kuphela ukuba emva kokungenelela kwiphotho inqubo yokuvuvukala eyenzekayo, ihamba kunye nobomvu, ukuvuvukala okukhulu kunye nokukhululwa kwepus. Kwimeko apho isigulane esinokukhubazeka ixesha elide siphilisa isilonda, iziyobisi ezithintela umsebenzi obalulekileyo we-microorganisms ezinama-pathogenic zichanekileyo kunye ne-immunomodulating agents.

Ukutyunjwa kwamachiza okulwa namayeza kuyenziwa xa isigulane singayithobeli imithetho eyimfuneko yobuncwane kwaye uyakhohlwa ukuhlanza umlomo wakhe. Emva kokuhlinzwa, kusongela ukungena kwintsholongwane yesilonda. Zonke ezi zikhokelela ekuqaleni kwenkqubo yokuvuvukala.

Yiyiphi i-antibiotic yokusela emva kokusebenza ukususa amazinyo? Kule meko, izidakamizwa njenge "Cefixime", "Ceftriaxone" kunye ne "Cefazolin" zizibonakalise zona. Xa bengena emzimbeni, iindonga zeeseli zebhaktheriya ziyachithwa.

Ukuvinjelwa kwama-enzyme ezincinci kukhuthazwa ngamachiza njengoSparflot, i-Norfloxacin kunye neLevofloxacin, kunye namanye amayeza okulwa neqela le-fluoroquinolones. Ukukhutshwa kweprotheyini kubhaktheriya, ukulungiswa kweqela le-tetracycline ("Doxycycline", "Oletetrin", njl.) Njl. Nangona kunjalo, iintsholongwane eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa unyango lweenkqubo zokuvuvukala emva kwenkqubo yamazinyo "ama-Amoxicilin", "Amoxiclav" kunye ne "Lincomycin".

Emva kokususwa kwe-appendicitis

Ziziphi iziyobisi ezibekwe ngugqirha kwiintsuku ezimbini zokuqala emva kokuhlinzwa? Iintsholongwane emva kokusetyenziswa kwe-appendicitis zisetyenziselwa ukukhusela ukuvela kwesifo . Cinga ngeyona nto ibelwe yona:

1. "Zinatsef". Kuyi-antibiotic yesizukulwana esitsha. Isenzo salo sivumela ukuphelisa ii-microorganisms ze-pathogenic zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentlobo. Isilwayo sijojowe emzimbeni ngoncedo lweejoke, mhlawumbi nge-intravenously or intramuscularly.
2. "Dalacin". Eli liza lithintela umsebenzi wale mabhaktheriya angama-causative agents of processes-inflammatory processes. I-antibiotic isetyenziswe ngomlomo okanye ilawulwa yimizila engena-intravenous okanye intramuscular.
3. I-Metrogil. Ukwamkela le antibiotics kunokuphelisa ii-microbes ezilula kunye nezilwanyana ezinokuhlala apho kungekho oxygen. Esi sigqirha sisoloko sisetyenziselwa kunyango lwe-appendicitis.
4. "iThenamam". Esi sichazi sibonakala ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-antibiotic ene-enzyme ekhusela ukutshabalaliswa kwe-antibiotic. Le nyathelo ibangela ukuba inkunkuma, idlula ngeentso, ayinakuhlulwa. Akuyi kuphuka xa ibonakaliswe kuma-enzyme ebhaktheriya. Isiza lisebenza kakuhle xa sichazwa kwii-microbes eziphilayo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke zisetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-appendicitis, eyenzeka ngendlela eqinile kwaye inesigaba esichukumisayo.
5. "Imilinem". Le antibiotics inokuphelisa ngokugqithiseleyo intlobo ezininzi ze-bacteria ye-pathogenic. Akumelana nama-enzyme ebhaktheriya abhubhisa ezinye iziyobisi ezifanayo. Nika le antibiotic kulawo matyala xa i-appendicitis idlula kwifom ephezulu.
6. "iMeronem". Impembelelo yale nkunkuma ifana neyokudlulileyo. Nangona kunjalo, uthathwa njengesilungiso esilungileyo ngenxa yokuba xa edlula ngeentso akabonakalwanga kwintsikelelo.

Emva kokususwa kwe-hernia intervertbral

Kungekudala, imisebenzi enjalo yenziwa yinani elincinane lamagulane. Oku kubangelwa yimpumelelo enkulu yamachiza ekunyango okulondolozo lwezilwanyana. Kwakhona, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zobuchwepheshe zanamuhla kunokunciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokuhamba emva. Kukho imeko xa isigulane sikwazi ukuhamba ngosuku olufanayo. Nangona kunjalo, zonke iimpumelelo zonyango azivukeli isimo sengqondo esingenanjongo ekuvuseleleni. Emva koko, umsebenzi oyintloko wale xesha kuhlanganiswa iziphumo zokungenelela ngoncedo olukhuselweyo kunye nokukhusela ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki.

I-antibiotiki emva kokuhlinzwa (i-hernia) imiselwe ukukhusela iinkqubo ezingenanto. Kule meko, ugqirha ubeka izidakamizwa njenge "Cefotetan" okanye "Cefoxytin". Ubungakanani besikhathi sokwamkelwa kwabo kuvela kwiiyure ezili-12 ukuya kwezi-18 emva kokusebenza.