Enterovirus kubantwana: Iimpawu and Treatment

Eli phecana zesisu lo mntwana sele umahluko othile kwinkqubo zesisu womntu omdala. Yena uyamkela ngakumbi ukuba amacandelo amatsha ukutya. Xa abantwana, inkqubo wamathumbu omzimba asikhange kwasekwa ade ase ekupheleni, ukuze umzimba ethe kakhulu kwiintlobo ngeentlobo iintsholongwane.

Eseyinkwenkwana eneminyaka kumelana iinguqulelo ezimbini ngemvelo ezosulelayo zizifo ezichaphazela amathumbu kunye nenkqubo zesisu. It irotavirus nosuleleko enterovirus. Last kubantwana kuxhaphake kakhulu kwaye kunokukhokelela umonakalo noqhekeko ephahlwe liqumrhu akuqolanga ngaphandle unyango olufanelekileyo. Le izehlo Incopho idla iwela ixesha entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Yintoni enterovirus ezahlukeneyo ebantwaneni? Iimpawu iifoto izigulane abaselula, kwakunye irejimeni yonyango iinkcukacha zinikiwe mathiriyeli kweli nqaku.

Yintoni isifo enterovirus?

Le nto idibanisa kwezifo eziliqela, ezo imithombo enteroviruses. Kungenjalo, zibizwa emathunjini. Okwangoku, iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-60 bafunda kwezi kwamagciwane. Kuxhomekeka serotype, ukuba yahlulwe 4 ngamaqela: iintsholongwane AFANAYO, coxsackie, zepoliyo kunye enteroviruses.

Ill nomnye serotypes zomntwana angakwazi kanye kuphela ebomini. Emva unyango, uvelisa nezifo olomeleleyo. Kwelinye icala, ukuba uyakwazi ukufumana enye enterovirus. Loo ezahlukeneyo kwamagciwane ivumela kuphela izazinzulu ukwenza laso elisebenzayo.

Njani yingozi abantwana entorovirus? Ubuzaza usulelo yinto yokuba abaqambi yalo linamandla kakhulu kwizinto ndlongondlongo lwangaphandle. Bayakwazi khona ixesha elide kumhlaba omanzi kunye namanzi, uze ufake umzimba womntu kukutya ingcolisekile.

Ebutsheni bowe-2008, indyikityha omkhulu phakathi kwabantwana wabhalwa China. ukubonakala kwawo bandenza virus EV71. Ingena emzimbeni lwabasebenzi iphecana bokuphefumla inwebu kwiinwebu lokugaya. Xa lithe laqhenqetha kuyo yonke inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni, echaphazela imiphunga kunye ebuchotsheni. Usuleleko kubonakele ku abantwana abali-15 000, 20 wabhubha. It kwakhona ungqina yokuba enteroviruses abantwana kunye nabantu abadala kufuneka unyango ngexesha comprehensive.

Kubanga zosulelo

Usuleleko senzeka kwi ukusebenza zamaqela iintsholongwane isisu, ezo unobangela iimpawu ezithile. Ahluke eziliqela iimpawu ezifana ngazo. Ngundoqo ezingundoqo nganye intsholongwane bubonakaliswe nucleic mpilo. Kwezinye iimeko, lenza indima yokuba iDNA kwelinye - RNA. Ngaphandle kokuba isakhiwo yangaphakathi engqongwe capsule ukuba unalo ezinye iimpawu. Kuxhomekeka uqwalaselo lweziqalelo iqokobhe, iintsholongwane ihlelwa iintlobo zeHPV zingonobangela ezahlukeneyo.

Enterovirus lingena singene umzimba inhalation lomoya okanye ngomlomo xa zisitya. Emva kwale pathogen zifudukela kwiindawo nkovu, apho luhlala kwaye iqalisa ukuba anandise. uphuhliso wayo ozakube usaqhutywa, kwakunye ubungqongqo usulelo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• i virulence le ntsholongwane (ubuchule ukuxhathisa umzimba yomzimba);
• tropism (nokubanako usulelo pathogen luchaphazela amalungu lwangaphakathi);
• ngqo ngurhulumente kwamajoni omzimba.

Ithuba elisuke ihlala kakhulu? Enterovirus ebantwaneni ukuze ubonise iimpawu ngaphandle eziyi-1 ukuya ku-12. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le okuthatha ziintsuku ezintlanu. intshumayelo lwezonyango kuxhomekeke sifo ethile ngqo ukusuka serotype gciwane. Enterovirus idla iyasebenza entlakohlaza nasekwindla. Ngamanye amaxesha, le izehlo usezantsi kakhulu.

transmission indlela

Le enterovirus ukuze idluliselwe kumntu ogulayo ukuya iindlela esempilweni ezininzi; ngenxa ngamathontsi emoyeni, indlela ilindle-orali, contact. Indlela kwezifo iphawulwa ukungafani okukhulu. Enterovirus abantwana ezosulela kakhulu emanzini ekrwada okanye zokudlala. Amagciwane sifo ixesha elide inokuba zikwimeko iphila endleni, umhlaba, kunye namanzi. Nkqu naloo nkqubo yingqele akubulali kubo. Le pathogen ubulawa yi sisenzo izibulali kuphela xa wabona ngokucacileyo phakathi kwenqubo.

Enterovirus kubantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye unezizathu ezifanayo ukuba zisenzeka. Noko ke, abantwana abo ibele ngenxa serotypes kunazo nezifo ngokwemvelo. Kwelinye icala, ukuba umntwana uyakwazi ukufumana usulelo ngoko nangoko emva ukusela ubisi lwebele.

picture clinical

ixesha Inyathelo elisuke idla akukho zimpawu. Ngeli xesha, iintsholongwane ezifakwe kwi inwebu yangaphakathi kwaye ngenisa indlela nenkqubo emithanjeni, apho aqale ukwanda ngamandla.

Emva koko kulandela step ngqo sifo. Iimpawu enterovirus ebantwaneni baqalisa ukubonisa ukunyuka okukhulu lobushushu apho efikelela ingongoma ebalulekileyo kwaye igcinwe iintsuku ezintlanu. imenza umntwana ulele lukhulu. Iintsuku zokuqala emva kokuba usulelo kwakhona zihambe ukugabha kakhulu kunye yintloko. Xa amaqondo obushushu eziqhelekileyo, zonke iimpawu ezinxulumene.

Ngamanye amaxesha abantwana kudumba iindawo nkovu, ikakhulu womlomo wesibeleko kunye submandibular. Olunye uphawu lo nerhashalala. Irhashalala kuvela kwangaxeshanye entloko, esifubeni kunye neengalo. Babe uhlobo amabala abomvu. Emva Ukunyamalala yabo mzimba amanqaku ezincinane ulwehlo, kwabona kweli kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa.

Ngobunzulu umfanekiso bezonyango kuxhomekeke ngobume omzimba womntwana wafumana "isahlulo" le ntsholongwane, yaye ezinye iimpawu hlobo.

uhlobo rhoqo zosulelo enterovirus

ngokuqhelekileyo kungeyomfuneko Ulwazi yokuhlela epheleleyo. Abazali kufuneka bakwazi ukuqaphela lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo zosulelo enterovirus, ukuchonga ngexesha le ngezifo aze adibane nogqirha.

1. Herpangina. Le catarrhal kubonisa enterovirus. Herpangina ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka abantwana phakathi kweminyaka emithathu elishumi. obubonakala ezona nangecesina, umqala obuhlungu kunye vesicles phezu kodonga elingasemva pharynx. Amadlu yozigqabhuza kunye nefomu izilonda. Le kwamagciwane eziphambili zithathwa Coxsackie iintsholongwane A no-B
2. Angawokubhuda. Lo ngomnye weyona mizekelo eqhelekileyo, njani ngazo enterovirus. Ebantwaneni, yabangxamayo linazo zombini iindidi eziphawulekayo: krasnouhopodobny kunye roseolous. Yabangxamayo zingavela ngomhla wokuqala okanye wesibini emva kokosuleleka. Mlilo zenzeka ebusweni, umzimba uthabathe ngohlobo amabala ezincinane abomvu. Ngamanye amaxesha idibane nenye. Sizoku lwisana yabangxamayo kunye ukopha izinto ezibomvu abonakale. Enterovirus exanthema ezisengozini kakhulu kubantwana ukuya kwiminyaka emithandathu.
3. iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane. Olu uhlobo losulelo enterovirus luphawulwa iimpawu eziye komkhuhlane okanye SARS. Abantwana babona isimo catarrhal (impumlo esihambisayo, ukudumba, ukuxinana ngeempumlo), ifiva, ubuthathaka, iintlungu kwezihlunu. Okufana onaso ngayo iimpawu ezahlula ukuba umkhuhlane eziqhelekileyo, ungakhetha isitulo nomsindo kunye nokugabha.
4. ifomu emathunjini. Le yenye yezinto uhlobo ingozi yosulelo enterovirus. Ehamba ukwanda nesidima lobushushu, utyatyazo enamanzi, ukuqumba kunye flatulence. Ingozi iphambili yale fomu wamathumbu uthathwa ukuba nokwenzeka eliphezulu emzimbeni, kwenza kube nzima ukuba uchaze umguli kancinane. Esi sifo ufuna esweni rhoqo ngoogqirha kunye negumbi kaxakeka.

Zonke iintlobo zosulelo kunokwenzeka kwi / umfanekiso Nedlac clinical ekuso. Ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo ugqirha ngezifo ekhetha kunokunyanga enterovirus ebantwaneni.

iintlobo Rare zosulelo

Kwezinye iimeko, usulelo enterovirus iphawulwa ikhondo enzima. Kwakhona ezithathwa nje eqhelekileyo, kodwa kuhlanganiswa. izigulane abaselula zifuna unyango ezintsonkothileyo ezintsonkothileyo.

1. conjunctivitis sophele. Olu luhlobo eliqhelekileyo zosulelo enterovirus. iimpawu zayo ukuqala ziintlungu kakhulu kwi iliso, ukulahleka kwenxalenye umbono kunye lacrimation zanda. Ngamanye amaxesha kukho hemorrhages kwiretina.
2. Myocarditis / pericarditis. Xa esi sifo ngokuyintloko kuchaphazela izakhiwo ezithile kwentliziyo. Ngokuchasene imvelaphi yokwenzakala engabalulekanga ephazamisa umsebenzi contractile kwemisipha eziphambili umzimba. Ukubandakanyeka kwe pericardium iphawulwa utshintsho igazi le nkqubo.
3. Meningitis kwaye kobuchopho. Le yeyona ezinzima iintlobo ngexesha elifanayo yosulelo enterovirus kunye yingozi. Baqala kunye nokwanda lobushushu kwinqanaba degrees 40. Ngosuku olulandelayo kukho intloko zingenakunyamezeleka, ukugabha kakhulu ukuba sinxulumana ekudleni. Iimpawu efanayo iintlungu esiswini, cramping, ukopha angawokubhuda.

ezahlukeneyo Nedlac luphawulwa usuleleko nazimpawu nemisinga ifihliwe. uxilongo lwezonyango kunokwenzeka kuphela xa ingxaki kubonakala.

Enterovirus wosulelo ebantwaneni luphawulwa kwemisinga ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ixesha ukubona ugqirha ngenjongo abapasa iimviwo diagnostic. Livumela ukuba umahluko usulelo evela izifo eziqhelekileyo yokuphefumla, kwetyhefu kunye neengxaki dermatological.

iimviwo Medical

Iimpawu zosulelo enterovirus kubaguli abasebatsha badla abonakalise meningitis serous kunye herpes angina. uqhambuko Group rhoqo esisigxina kumaziko pre-school kule nyanga zishushu. Indlela ephambili ukudluliswa gciwane-ngomlomo.

Sele bezichankcisa iimpawu esibonakala enterovirus. Amafoto (abantwana) iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ukubonakaliswa kwayo enokufunyanwa imithombo ezikhethekileyo. Banceda ukuqaphela isigulo bafune iingcebiso zonyango. Okwangoku, kukho iindlela ezine ezisisiseko efumanise losulelo pathogen:

• Serological (efumanise kwentsholongwane serum igazi). Bamakishi zokuqala zezifo IgA kunye IgM. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba uxilongo uthathwa ukwandisa titer lwamaxabiso buhlanti-4.
• Virological (nokuzimisela arhente ezosulelayo kwi ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal, endleni, igazi). Noyibulala zagonyelwa iiveki ezimbini ezidlulileyo.
• Immunohistochemical (Ubhaqo antigen kwi enterovirus igazi).
• iindlela ezinto eziphilayo (Study enterovirus RNA iziqwenga).

oogqirha ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ahlawule umehluko kokuxilongwa. Enterovirus abantwana ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo kubalulekile ukwahlula evela herpes, SARS, negazi. Kufuneka kwakhona ukukhangela uvakalelo isenzo kwamachiza antibacterial. Kunye noxilongo eziphilayo yanamhlanje ezikumgangatho ophezulu ayibeki naziphi na iingxaki. Nge ubhaqo ngexesha esi sifo kuba ngumthombo unyango ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kumntwana nawuphi ubudala.

unyango ngamachiza

Indlela yokuphatha enterovirus ebantwaneni? Leyo umba wakhuliswa ngabazali abaninzi, bakuva uxilongo. Xa isifo ngaphantsi kakhulu inokuba isigulana encinane ukuhlala ekhaya. Le zibonisa ukuba esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza ezi meko zilandelayo: CNS, intliziyo, nomkhuhlane.

amayeza Modern akanako ukunika isixhobo esinye jikelele kwizifo. Kweli xesha nokoyika izigulana bancinane bacebisa alale, ukutya enqatyisiweyo nokusela intabalala iziselo. Le enterovirus aphathe abantwana?

Ukuba sifo kunye nomkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu kunye neentlungu kwezihlunu, ingqalelo analgesics ezifanelekileyo antipyretics ( "Nurofen", "paracetamol"). Urhudo isiguli imithi ukubuyisela imali eseleyo amanzi amtyuba ( "Regidron"). Amachiza asetyenziswa kuphela xa kuthe ukulawula of kwezifo.

Ukuze uncede umzimba ukumelana enterovirus, interferon abantwana ezimiselweyo ( "Viferon", "TSikloferon", "Neovir"). Basonta udidi arhente non-ngqo antiviral ukuba zinqanda i-phindo iintsholongwane luvuselele amajoni omzimba.

Unyango kufuneka amiselwe ngugqirha emva kokuba uviwo olunzulu isigulane encinane. oyingcaphephe kuphela ukubona kakuhle iimpawu kunye enterovirus okusolwayo. Wosulelo ebantwaneni Idla yi izitshanguba yenkqubo luvo, amehlo, kunye nezintso. Kulo mzekelo, umntwana, ukongeza kunyango ngamachiza oluboniswa kweliso ngugqirha iinyanga eziliqela. Ngamanye amaxesha kuthatha iminyaka emininzi.

Iingcebiso kwi umsoco

Diet for enteroviruses ebantwaneni kudlala indima ebalulekileyo, ukususela umsebenzi lokugaya yaphulwe. Kwindawo yokuqala ibonisa ukusela echumayo. Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi aqhelekileyo non-nezihlwahlwazayo kukuninzi kunceda ukuphelisa ubuthi emzimbeni, na ukuthintela amanzi emzimbeni.

Ukusuka ukudla ngaphandle oogqirha babantwana bacebisa eqhotsiweyo aze atshaye neenkamba, zonke iilekese kunye namakhekhe. Kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukuselwa ubisi yonke, ibhotolo, amaqanda. Le ban bawe umhluzi, amandongomane, iimbotyi kunye nesonka. Ukutya kufuneka iyabiliswa okanye okuphekiweyo eziko.

Yintoni na ukuba ungadli? Adla kufuneka luqulathe igama iziqhamo kunye nemifuno, ubushushu ngayo. Iimveliso zobisi uyiguqula zivumelekile (biokefir, ephantsi-fat cottage samasi). Uyakwazi badle inyama ibhityile, intlanzi. umntwana lwabo kakuhle bakhonza kwibala okanye kwimeko entle. Ngokubanzi, ukutya kufuneka iqhezu. Kucetyiswa ukuba adle qho kodwa iinxalenye ezincinane. Ukuba umntwana uyala ukuba adle, oko akumele ngenkani okanye amandla-feed.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa lurhudo etsolo ihambisana enterovirus? Unyango yabantwana abakwiminyaka yokuba sesikolweni kulo mzekelo uthatha ukuba ikhefu ekuthiwa-olambileyo. Kuluncedo ukuba ukutsiba izidlo omnye okanye emibini. umise Hungry kwiintsana abavumelekanga. Ke izigulane ezincinane wabelwe ukudla engqongqo.

Ngosuku lokuqala udle isidudu phezu kwamanzi kunye apile wapheka. Kunye ekuphuculeni imeko jikelele komntwana ekutyeni kufuneka kwaziswe iimveliso zobisi, isuphu yemifuno. Ubuncinane isonjululwe izitya inyama kunye nentlanzi.

Iingxaki isifo enterovirus

Enteroviruses nezimpawu abantwana kunye nonyango ezithe ochazwe ngaphambili, kusichukumisa onke amalungu kunye namalaphu. Oku kuchaza inani elikhulu obubonakala. Kwiimeko ezininzi, umntwana ilawula ukusinda sifo ngaphandle iingxaki kakhulu impilo yakho. Ngenxa inkqubo elibuthathaka omzimba okanye ubukho comorbidities neziphumo ezibi nga kusengenzeka. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oogqirha ukufumanisa meningitis kunye kobuchopho.

Ezi zifo kuchaphazela ingqondo isigulana encinane, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekubeni sokuwa, ukukhubazeka okanye ukufa. amatyala ukulawula ye usulelo zamabanga eyaziwa efuna unyango olongezelelweyo. Kwelabantu zidla zibangelwa insufficiency etsolo senhliziyo okanye miphungeni. Ukuba uphando olubanzi ingqina Enterovirus, unyango abantwana kufuneka amisele wabantwana. Ukuzama ukulwa sifo akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo. Abazali kunokubeka impilo yingozi wosana olo noqhekeko.

iindlela zokuthintela

Uthintelo enterovirus ngqo ayenzelwanga abantwana. Nakuba kunjalo, iziphumo emihle zibonisa ugonyo lwezifo ipoliyo kunye meningococcemia. Kumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu, ukuba ngoku isicelo ugonyo nxamnye kwamagciwane zixhaphakileyo zosulelo enterovirus. Noko ke, loo kuthintelo ayisiso isiqinisekiso esipheleleyo, obuziintlobo ezininzi ngenxa neentsholongwane. Uphando kunye nezilingo lwezonyango kumba luyaqhubeka.

Ukuthintela usulelo umntu onentsholongwane usapho somntwana, kufuneka ngerabha. Kuyimfuneko ukuba pholisa igumbi kaninzi, ukucoca manzi imihla izibulali. Uthintelo Nonspecific uthatha ukuba imigaqo esisiseko kococeko lomntu buqu, ukusetyenziswa interferon ( "Laferon", "Nazoferon", "Viferon").

Ngoku siyazi ukuba umahluko phakathi enterovirus phakathi kwabantwana. Iimpawu kunye nonyango kwezifo, aye njengomthombo le pathogen kufuna indlela enobuchule ngakwicala yeengcali. Ukuba awufuni sibothule utyelelo kugqirha obunokuthintela kukuvela iingxaki ezisongela ubomi. Hlala uphilile!