EMoscow ibandla le Kumbi e Tushino

kwiilali ezimbini - Tushino kunye Spassky - ababe ngasekhohlo, ibhanki eliphezulu le Skhodnya lomlambo, ayaziwa kwinkulungwane XIV. Ngaloo mihla ke impahla ye boyar Rodion Nesterovich nomkhombe. Igama le lali (Spassky) besuka woonongendi, leyo ibekwe kuloo ndawo de 1764.

indaba

Spaso-Preobrazhensky weemonki kwakunikelwa ukuya Emnye-uSergiyo Lavra inzala Vasiliya Ivanovicha Kvashnina, ebinezinto isidumbu isiqhulo. Icawa yokuqala weemonki waba kumila kumbi. Ekuqaleni, lo kwakhiwa isakhiwo ngomthi, kodwa ke yakhiwa etyeni. Phakathi kobume kwinkulungwane XVII konke ezidilikileyo, kwagqitywa ukuba niwuhluthe bebodwa. Woonongendi ilitye icawa yesibini yakhiwa ngenkulungwane XVI, kwaye sanikezelwa Andreyu Stratilatu.

Kwamaxesha kufuphi Spassky eMonastri kunye kwilali Tushino iintente imikhosi nguDmitry False II. Bayiphanga ngokuncamisileyo zonke iidolophana ezikufuphi. Kwaye ke Ukonakala woonongendi unenzondelelo. Ivalwe ngo 1764, kwaye Church of the Kumbi waba yokuthiywa ukuba abahlali Tushino kunye Spassky. Kuba wakha refectory ngomthi okwexeshana, kodwa ngowe-1804-1808 kuyo dismantled. Endaweni yoko, ukuba wakha isakhiwo esitsha, ibe banzi ngakumbi ezenziwe ngamatye. Emva kwexesha elithile saqhotyoshelwa, kwaye tiered yingxonde. Embindini ye XIX refectory ngenkulungwane unenzondelelo utshintsho, ngoko walungiselela isibingelelo, wabeka Chapel imbeko yaseSt uSergiyo of Radonezh.

Ukwakhiwa ibandla elitsha

Kwinkulungwane XIX wecawa ukubaginya bonke ukubenza. Ukwanda kwamanani ukufika wacebisa imbono malunga ngokutsha okanye ukwanda yayo. Ukongeza, wayengekho kwimeko engcono. Isibakala sokuba kangangeenkulungwane amathathu ngaseludinini lomlambo, apho ibandla yema, waqala ukuwa ngakumbi, yaye ngenxa yoko isakhiwo esesiphelweni eweni. Kungenxa yezi zizathu, ngowe-1870, kwagqitywa ekubeni lakhe inkonzo entsha Kumbi in Tushino.

project Church yenzelwe ngumzobi Vladislav Osipovich Grudzinski, owathi ke ilungu leNdlu ka impahla karhulumente. isakhiwo IKomishoni yadalwa, ekhokelwe nomfundisi wendawo John Spassky. Emva kokuba imvume yesicwangciso ngo-1875 kwilali Spa-Tushino itempile kwezakhiwo ubudala ngcembe waqala ibattery. Thina kwaqala kwinqaba intsimbi kunye refectory. Izitena eziphelweni dismantle kwebandla endala waya ukwakhiwa wasibiyela kwisakhiwo esitsha.

lokufumanisa

Church of the Kumbi e Tushino waqala ukwakha igumbi lokutyela efudumeleyo. Ngo September 1880 sele ugqibile ngokupheleleyo oko. apho nangoko kwanikezelwa Izindlwana ezimbini - enye imbeko of St Nicholas i Wonderworker, kwaye eyesibini - of Abbot Sergiya Radonezhskogo. Lidla isixa esikhulu ngohlobo iminikelo ukuba icawa entsha lanikwa abenzi K. E. Prohorov kunye V. Suvirov, igosa PG Tsurikov umbingeleli wasekuhlaleni John Spassky.

Ngelishwa, olokugqibela kubathengi wafa ngo-1881, kwaye phambi kokuba bafike kokugqitywa. isizathu Kugqityiwe elungileyo Ngqonyela entsha UNikolai Buravtsev. Ngowe-1882, i-sebali yonke eyabelwe ukwakha, enqatyisiweyo ucingo yentsimbi iintsika zamatye, waza ngasentla nasempuma kwe amazwe icawa wavula emangcwabeni entsha. Ekugqibeleni, ngo-1886, 6 Agasti, ibandla Kumbi e Tushino ngokunzulu wawungcwalisa Metropolitan of eMoscow Kolomna Ionniky.

incazelo

Kufuneka ke ukuba isakhiwo phantsi ukwakhiwa ngelo xesha, xa baqalisa ukuvuselela izithethe zesizwe izakhiwo zecawa Russian. Temple ngenyameko kusengaphambili enkulu ezahlukeneyo kwaye ngexesha elinye ixesha ethe shinyi, ndazibamba lokubhalela. It is a kwesitya-headed abangatshatanga kunye kunokuba phezulu. Top ngokunzulu kugqitywa iimpawu eziphambili ezintsha kunye nentloko ezintle onamaqhakuva, kwaye ngamandla tyhala phambili wephimpi zontathu unika isixa esikhulu zetempile.

Ngentla nganye semicircles leyo kiot nge icon. Ngomhla inxalenye refectory kwensimbi emithathu tiered Tower liphuma. Iindonga ngezitena kwetempile bangabi kokutyatyekwa kwayo, ngoko ke bema nxamnye ilitye amhlophe kunye nezinto zokuhombisa mhlophe. Phezu kwesibingelelo engundoqo yecawe iconostasis.

Church of uMsindisi Kumbi e Tushino wayemi kanye elunxwemeni ukuphakama yomlambo ezifanayo kunye River eMoscow. Waba ubonakala kakuhle iikhilomitha eziliqela ecaleni Volokolamsk emendweni, kwakunye zokuqubha kunye neelali eziyingqongileyo. Sinokuthi ibandla sele uhlobo ezibalaseleyo bobugcisa kule ndawo ngelo xesha.

ixesha post-revolution

Ukususela 1881 ukuya 1935, kunye etempileni Volokolamke e Tushino kwakhokelela yonke indlu ka abbots Buravtseva. Owokugqibela abameli babo - umbingeleli Alexander - wadutyulwa ndawonye ekupheleni kukaDisemba 1937. Waza ke wangcwatywa kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma ye Butovo engcwabeni eqhelekileyo. Ngexesha lasehlotyeni ngo-2000, isigqibo seBhunga of Bishops , yena lamiselwa.

Njengoko usazi, engama-30 kwinkulungwane edlulileyo iyingozi kakhulu kwiindawo zonqulo. Not imyekile inkathazo, nakwibandla Kumbi in Tushino. Ngowe-1935 ivaliwe. umphathi sakhe sokugqibela Alexander Sokolov, owathi wabanjwa kunye neminyaka emibini kamva wadutyulwa kwenye indawo zeAltai Territory. Kude kube ngoku, indawo yokungcwaba kwakhe ayaziwa.

ihlekisa

Emva kwemfazwe, isakhiwo ibandla kwaku imibutho eyahlukeneyo karhulumente. Kule 50 yee abahlali wacela ukuba abasemagunyeni bathi- zokuyihlaziya le nkonzo. Kodwa ke impendulo kwezi zicelo intshabalaliso kwinqaba intsimbi kunye lwesakhiwo ephambili ngo-1957 - zimane ukuvuthela up.

kweminyaka 8 emva kokuba iziganeko ezichazwe kwapheliswa yaye emangcwabeni ezikufutshane ukuya ecaweni. Le ndawo yonke yaqukwa kwindawo mveliso, nto leyo eqhubeka ngakumgaqo kaloliwe. Ukulungiswa kunye nolawulo yokwakha, abacandayo kumazwe ibandla, zizenza yokulahla yokwenene, nokwakha indlu - kwindawo yokugcina izinto zokwakha.

ukuzalwa

Kumbi Church in Tushino wabuyela Church Orthodox kuphela ngo-1990. Ibandla kunye nesibingelelo aphezulu yokuzahlulela kwakhe uMphathi eMoscow All Russia Alexy II. Kwiminyaka elandelayo kukho kwakhona bazingcwalisa Chapel imbeko yaseSt uSergiyo St Nikolaya Chudotvortsa. Ngqonyela ibandla waqeshwa Fedor Sokolov. Ngelishwa, kwiminyaka eli-10 kamva, wafa kabuhlungu. Waza ke wangcwatywa ecaleni kwesibingelelo ngokutsha ukusuka uthuthu zetempile.

Kamsinya nje ibandla livulekile, oko waqalisa kwakhona ngokukhawuleza. Okokuqala, umsebenzi waqalisa phezu nokubuyiselwa bembonakalo yayo; intloko yalungiswa, iimpawu ezintsha zakhiwa kwi amanqanaba aphezulu liqhuma kanye nenqaba yentsimbi. A. I. Tsarev tympana ahombise kokoshniks imifanekiso kaMoses, nto leyo ebonisa abapostile abali-12, yaye Kyoto kunye nokwakheka "Deesis".

Ukugqitywa sokubuyiselwa

Ukongeza, kwisibingelelo ngasinye lwakhiwe intloko pridelnyh, ezazinika omhle ezibonisa etempileni. Ngokutsho amaqhekeza lokusinda ezimbalwa uthango openwork waphumelela ukuvelisa ngokupheleleyo kwifomu apho ekuqaleni. Kukho ziye zabuyiselwa yaye isango ephambili yale Saints.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amangcwaba amandulo bufunyenwe ngethuba lolwakhiwo. Ngoku zonke iintsalela abantu wangcwatywa ecingweni, kwicala elingasezantsi sakhiwo.

Kumbi Church - alikho ibandla kuphela ibekwe kule ndawo. Kukho ezinye iindawo. Ngokomzekelo, iCawa wamandulo kuMoses in Tushino. ekwakhiweni kwayo lalisele likho kunyaka 1672. Uye nayo lalungiswa, yaye rhoqo kubanjwa unqulo.