Elikomkhulu Bulgaria. Ezinomtsalane kubakhenkethi ethandwayo Sofia

Sofia Beautiful nabadala Umenywa yamkela iindwendwe zayo, ebonisa zinongonongo ngaphezu kwengqukuva ngokwayo yaye lonke ilizwe elihle Bulgaria. A lot yokuvela kunye neemvakalelo igcina nolwazi ezinomtsalane kubakhenkethi le dolophu - imizekelo aqaqambe ephakathi lwezakhiwo, iimyuziyam, zemiboniso, iipaki, izikwere, iimarike, iivenkile antique, zokutyela esamkela kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi umdla.

Imbali Sofia lisukela emva ubunzulu zeminyaka. Ilizwe kuyo likomkhulu eBulgaria, kwindawo Ixesha Neolithic kwakuhlala ngabantu bakudala. In a VII. BC. e. apha kukho isixeko I Sofia. Igama mihla - Sofia (in Greek - "ubulumko") - isixeko ifumene kwinkulungwane XIV. Yena ke amaxesha amaninzi yatshatyalaliswa udlule isandla ngesandla, yaba neziko elibalulekileyo yeSibini yaseBulgaria uBukhosi, kwaye ukusukela 1382 waba phantsi kolawulo Turkish. Isimo 'ikomkhulu Bulgaria "Sofia ifumene kuphela ngo-1879, yaye emva koko ngokuthe ngcembe waqalisa ukutshintsha imilo yaseYurophu Ottoman. Ngethamsanqa, i Bulgarians bayakwazi ukugcina kwimemori zembali. Nanamhla oku, umzi iphambili kweli lizwe wahlala ngaphezulu kwama-250 ezikhumbuzo zembali eyalingqinelayo elidlulileyo abazizityebi kunye nezintsonkothileyo, Sophia, nto leyo ebangele enjalo legqwetha ikomkhulu, njengoko umxube banezimbo bokwakha yelo kumaqela ezahlukahlukeneyo ngobudala.

iisampulu Sofia walondoloza izakhiwo entle Ukuba kwisininzi ecaweni. Rotunda of St George wakha ngamaRoma kwinkulungwane IV embindini yokuhlala soMhlekazi Konstantina Velikogo. Ekuqaleni ukuba isetyenziswe njenge lokubhaptiza - isakhiwo ngenxa inzaliseko lokukhula ukubhaptizwa, ngoko ibandla lamaKristu, yaye emva ukoyisa ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIV. Turks Bulgarian sajikwa yaba mosque. Le myuziyam ligcinwe ecaweni indala Sofia.

Ikomkhulu Bulgaria ibizwa imbeko izakhiwo ezimangalisayo yamandulo - i Hagia Sophia, thaca Isitampu nesihlangu esi sixeko. Yeyona indala (ukwakhiwa VI.) Kwendalo Orthodox ehlabathini. Ngomhla kwintsimi itempile a Lingcwaba Soldier ongaziwayo, kwaye elandelayo, epakini ofudumeleyo nokuhomba - esinye Umtsalane umdla - Oogqirha 'Ilitye eliSisikhumbuzo, enikelwe abasebenzi zonyango zomkhosi Russian bafayo imfazwe Russian-Turkish.

Cathedral of St. Alexander Nevsky ithatha embindini isikwere ebizwa ngegama lakhe. yakhiwe I iingangamsha tempile-lesikhumbuzo njengophawu umbulelo kubantu Russian inkululeko eBulgaria kwidyokhwe Ottoman kwaye azinikele umxhasi wasezulwini yoMlawuli Alexander II, eSt Aleksandru Nevskomu.

Elikomkhulu Bulgaria na indawo intlanganisela Yurophu kunye Oriental. Sofia yenye omdala iitempile Muslim eYurophu, ekuthiwa Banya Bashi, nto leyo ithetha Russian "eninzi ehomereni." Umzekelo obalaseleyo zakhiwo Ottoman yakhiwa kwinkulungwane XVI kwi yokuzivavanya yendalo thermal.

Kubathandi bokwenyaniso eyinkunzi zokuhamba Bulgaria - enye imizi yamandulo evoropeyskih - nomtsalane kuphela uluhlu olubanzi ezinika. uhlobo Beautiful, imithombo yezimbiwa ezininzi, ubunzima iziganeko ezibalulekileyo yenkcubeko ezenzeka apha kwaye iziseko wabeka Sofia nangokomyinge namaziko ezinkulu kwezokhenketho yehlabathi.