EKrete-zohlobo culture: intsomi ngokoqobo

inkcubeko eKrete-zohlobo eyavulwa isifundo yeentsomi zamaGrike amandulo kunye imibongo ongenakufa kaHomer. Emva kwabo, H. Schliemann kunye A. Evans ngelo xesha ubuncwane ezimangalisayo zehlabathi lamandulo, iintsomi elide ingqalelo. A indawo ekhethekileyo phakathi amangcwaba yalo inkcubeko yamandulo abahlala namangcwaba Mycenae kunye Knossos Palace.

uMinos Palace

EKrete, umzi eyaziwa ngokuba iingxande zayo yamandulo. Abembi bezinto zakudala baye bafumanisa amabhodlo Knossos, Gurney, uFesto, Mali kunye Kato Zaro. Kodwa lesikhumbuzo liphambili Cretan lwezakhiwo yaba kwibhotwe uMinos kwi Knossos ibekwe. Ngokuba isiko ezininzi zohlobo enxulumene nale nto. Imbali yawo kuhlangene ne kumabali poluchelovek-polubyk Minotaur, uKumkani uMinos kunye hero Greek Theseus.

indawo Knossos 16 lamawaka. m². Yaba kumazwe elinzima amagumbi ezahlukeneyo, ngoko babonakala amaGrike "mibono", ukusuka apho kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba ukuphuma. UMinos Palace yakhiwa kule nkulungwane BC-2. Yayakhelwe kwiinkulungwane eziliqela. Xa iziko lwamaziko ngokubanzi eyadini, nto leyo yaba umsebenzi inkolo emi kuyo. Odibana kumagumbi lokubiyela ezininzi, neeveranda, neegalari ezo, izinyuko kunye namachibi okuqubha.

Amagumbi ngaphambili baye bafaka "man" amagumbi kunye namagumbi kwiinkonzo zenkolo ezinkulu nezincinane. Inxalenye kwemazi ubuncwane, igumbi ulwamkelo, lokuhlambela kunye nezinye izakhiwo ezininzi. Sigodlo kwakungenwa womnatha amdaka ukukhonza leebhate zeoli, nezitya kunye nezindlu zangasese. ukuba inkcubeko zohlobo ziyalandeleka ngokuhlola iinkcukacha kwibhotwe Knossos yoqobo ngayo. Ngokukodwa, ungabona ikholam emangalisayo "ezingenangqondo". izakhiwo Uninzi abantu yamandulo umhlathi kwandiswa ezantsi, kwaye kwibhotwe uMinos, ngokuchaseneyo, siyehla. Ukongeza, ukuba ihonjiswe kunye nale. Ngaphakathi iindonga zasebhotwe wayifulela imifanekiso nemibala kunye yoyilo ngohlobo curls siba bhetyebhetye okanye amaza.

emangcwabeni Mycenae

inkcubeko zohlobo ibalasele ngobugcisa nokungcwaba. Ngoko ke, kude kwibhotwe zohlobo i necropolis yobukumkani, ukwakhiwa BC ngenkulungwane ye-16. e. It iqulathe namangcwaba shaft eziliqela, nto leyo bangcwatyelwa amalungu entsapho yasebukhosini. Uninzi emangcwabeni ziyinxalenye yebala mazimile buxande ukumila kakuhle. Bafumana igolide iimaski isitayile ukuba adlulisela iimpawu abalawuli Mycenae. Ebedume lonke Vuvu ka Agamemnon, omnye abo baphambili-Iliad. Kwaye nonkontsho abasetyhini oneribhoni ngokubanzi kunye nemiqadi eliphezulu kwafunyanwa. Isivatho sabo wangqina ookumkanikazi zohlobo wayenelizwi oothixo-adalwa.

Kumangcwaba zohlobo, abembi bafumana ngezinkempe yobhedu kunye isingatha yayihonjiswe ezahlukeneyo ngemizobo. Ngokukodwa, izigcawu kuzingela, zasemanzini, iingonyama aphilileyo, nesibhakabhaka esimnyama. Kwakhona, amakhonkco egolide kwafunyanwa-shicilelwayo. Kwakhona simele sikhumbule iimpahla zegolide, nesilivere nesilivere. I Achaeans ayekholelwa iimpahla ezo ezingundoqo imvuselelo elizayo lwabafileyo. Ezinye zazo ngohlobo wesilwanyana okanye uphondo yenkomo.

Nangona impumelelo kakhulu kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, inkcubeko eKrete-zohlobo, efana nabanye abaninzi, waba lixhoba ukuthotywa. Abaphengululi Modern iyihlanganise kunye buthathaka kukho intlekele ongaziwayo, izinto ezo ezenzeka phakathi kweminyaka 1250 no 1190. BC. e.