Dialysis - kukuba kwi inkqubo njengoko kuthatha indawo? Ngawaphi amalungiselelo ezifunekayo ukuze kidney dialysis?

Kidney dialysis - indlela yonyango apho igazi kususwa emzimbeni kwaye ibonisa onke amacandelo eziyityhefu uya ukutya. Kufanele kusetyenziswe unyango olunjalo, ukuba imisebenzi yalo iziko kwenkqubo wokuchama ezilahlekileyo 85%. Namhlanje, sijonga ziziphi iintlobo dialysis oko kukuthi ngamnye wabo. Kwakhona ukufumana into ziyafuneka amalungiselelo yale nkqubo kwaye ingaba kukho contraindication ukuziphatha kwalo.

imiqondo kokuhlaziya

Dialysis - inkqubo othatha umsebenzi izintso, ukuba abathanga ukuzalisekisa imisebenzi yawo. Eyona njongo iphambili yalo mzimba yile: kunceda susa ubuthi egazini, kwaye kuyanceda ukuba agcine kwinqanaba elifunekayo balance ityuwa emzimbeni. Kidney dialysis - na isiganeko apho uzifuna ukuba ixesha elifutshane, okanye mhlawumbi, kuya kufuneka achithe bonke ubomi bakhe, ngokuxhomekeke unobangela kunye nobungozi besi sifo. Ngenxa yokuba le nkqubo imveliso emva ukutya, nobumdaka zisuswe emzimbeni.

Cinga kwenkcazo 'dialysis protini "ingqiqo. Le ndlela yokuzahlula kwamasuntswana ngobukhulu ezahlukeneyo umxube kulwelo inwebu obhityileyo, apho pores zincinci kakhulu ukuba sicatshulwa leenkozo ezinkulu (iiprotheyini), kodwa kwangaxeshanye badlula umbandela crystalline iyapheliswa. Yokunyibilika umxube ahlukane amanzi ngokusebenzisa le diffuser, uwele amathontsi asakhasayo njengomqobo, yaye uhlale enkulu.

Imihlobo kidney dialysis

Xa yesilungu, kukho ezimbini technology zokuhlanjululwa igazi:

1. Olugqitha esikhumbeni. Kulo mzekelo, kwizicwili umzimba iya kuhluzeka isixhobo ekhethekileyo inkqubo inwebu lokucoca ukuba kanga inkqubo yokujikeleza yesigulana.
2. dialysis osana apho kwisisu ke ukudla isisombululo. Emva koko, lo kuqamba ulwelo ngokuhamba kwexesha iqalisa ukuba kwimveliso. Nakuba kunjalo, ukwenzela ukuba angene kulo mmandla omzimba womntu, kuyimfuneko ukwenza i operation ukufaka catheter.

Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela ukuba dialysis

Le nkqubo akukhuthazwa ukuba zisetyenziswe kunye izifo zilandelayo:

• ukusilela kwezintso;
• alkoholi Ityhefu, iityhefu;
• libanda, amachiza;
• utshintsho eziyingozi kumanqanaba igazi electrolytes;
• isiqaqa (hepatic, uremic);
• isiqulatho amanzi kwemfuneko nezintso, ngelixa unyango aqhelekileyo uyasilela, kunye nobomi yomguli sele ngokoqobo ijinga yi intambo.

Iimeko ngasentla kungakhokelela ekufeni ngaphandle dialysis.

Ukuba izintso ayikwazi iqokelelwe, ngoko kuthiwa lizwe ekupheleni-Inqanaba isifo sezintso (ESRD). Oku kubangelwa izigulo ezithile, ezifana nesifo seswekile, umhlaza kidney, ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi, ubukho koxinzelelo oluphezulu. Nangona dialysis - asikuko unyango ESRD, kodwa inceda isigulane uzive ngcono kwaye baphile ixesha elide. Ngoko ke maxa wambi wenze le nkqubo kuyimfuneko, ukuze kulondolozwe kuphela impilo kodwa ubomi.

Iimpawu ze ihaemodialysis

Dialysis usebenzisa le iteknoloji kuthetha ukufumana njengesigulana esibhedlele. Le nkqubo izixhobo eziyimfuneko eninzi, leyo kuphela ezibhedlele, umguli ngokwakhe akanako ukuyithenga uyikhulule ngentlawulelo. Ngoko ke, umntu kufuneka kusoloko kufutshane esibhedlele, xa kukho imfuneko unako ukwenza nyulu igazi ngoko nangoko.

Le nkqubo yenziwa izihlandlo eziliqela ngeveki kwaye ithatha malunga 3-5 iiyure.

dialysis Peritoneal: yintoni kwaye iqhutywa njani?

Olu hlobo lwesibini zokuhlanjululwa igazi, endiwenziweyo phantsi Ukubulawa yasekuhlaleni. Ngqo kwi kwisisu ugqirha ufaka catheter yeplastiki obhityileyo apho eyipasile ugqirha ukusuka iilitha 1 ukuya 2 isisombululo glucose, iityuwa kunye nezinye iiminerali eziyimfuneko. Action dialysis osana isekelwe kwinto yokuba ngaphakathi kwisisu sigqunywe inwebu apho lisebenza njenge lokucoca ulwelo. Peritoneum azigcina Amasuntswana igazi elikhulu elibaleka phambili kuphela inxalenye ulwelo kunye izinto ezinyibilikisiweyo kuyo. Le nkqubo i operation yotyando. Le dialysate - isisombululo eyaziswa lweHo- kunye inkunkuma ugqirha alahlwa kulo catheter.

Olu hlobo lotyando kaninzi lwenziwa qho ezingalaliswayo, kunye neziphumo emva kokuba emihle, ukuba wenze inkqubo kokutshintshiselana ezininzi (okt ukuqaliswa yemijikelo kwaye khupha ichiza) ngosuku.

Types of dialysis peritoneal

Kukho iindidi ezintathu kule ndlela zokwenza nyulu igazi:

1. indlela Continuous ambulatory. dialysis osana yale hlobo ixhaphake kakhulu yezonyango, ukuphunyezwa kwayo akuyomfuneko ukusebenzisa ikhompyutha. Le nkqubo kufuneka iqhutywe endaweni emhlophe, kakuhle lighted. Ngexesha ukusebenza, isisombululo edlula kwingxowa yeplastiki kusetyenziswa catheter esiswini. Diazole ahlale khona iiyure ezimbalwa, yaye emva koko lula mthombo.

Izinto eziluncedo yale ndlela zokwenza nyulu igazi:

• nkqubo iya kwenziwa ngexesha ezingafanelekileyo;
• Therapy lwenziwa ngaphandle uncedo;
• nonyango lunakho ukwenziwa kwiindawo ezininzi;
• Andifuni ikhompyutha.

2. ngendlela njalo nokungazinzi koqoqosho. Olu hlobo dialysis peritoneal kuyafana indlela yokuqala, umahluko kuphela kukuba isixhobo oludityaniswe catheter otsho notsalo isisombululo ukusuka esiswini ngokuzenzekelayo.

Abaxhamla kule ndlela zokwenza nyulu igazi kukuba le nkqubo iya kwenziwa ebusuku, ngexesha bubuthongo. Kodwa ke sithintelo kukuba ngaphandle koncedo elikheswa ayikwazi ukukwenza, le ndlela ifuna ikhompyutha.

3. Indlela ekhethekileyo. Phantsi olu khetho, dialysis enokwenziwa ekhaya, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo xesha esibhedlele. Unyango yale ndlela kakhulu elide kunye neenkqubo elibujikele kunye ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye oku engxakini wayo.

Izimo

dialysis Peritoneal ingenakusetyenziswa kulophulo kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukuba kukho azikhuli kwi kwisisu.
• Xa ukuzabalaza eliphantsi ukuhluza iimpawu serosa.
• Ukuba ukutyeba kwenzeka xa ukusebenza nyulu igazi dialysis sibuzwa.
• Ukuba kukho isifo solusu suppurative eludongeni esiswini.
• Ukuba unayo ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, kwaye isigulane unokungasabeli ngokuchanekileyo ukuba babambe neseshoni dialysis peritoneal.
• Ukuba kukho yamanzi amdaka kwi kwisisu.

Amalungiselelo dialysis

1. Neziyobisi ukunciphisa igazi ekunqandeni (isisombululo "lweeHedfowuni" yaye "Warfarin").
2. Iziyobisi ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi ( "Atenolol" iipilisi "Capoten", "Cozaar", "Clonidine").
3. Antihistamines (ampoules "Diphenhydramine" "Atarax" dragees);
4. yongezelela calcium kunye iimalthivithamini.
5. Imithi, isinyithi ethe afunekayo ukuvelisa iiseli ezibomvu ( "Epogen," tablets).
6. Amayeza okubopha phosphorus ukwehlisa izinga layo egazini.
7. amachiza umchamo ukuba zigutyula ulwelo kwemfuneko.
8. Laxatives kuthintelo ukuqhina, nto leyo kwenzeka ngenxa yokunciphisa imali zokungenisa fluid ( "Bisacodyl" tablets).

Zinto zifuneka kuqala ukuze inkqubo

dialysis igazi bavelise kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukuba izibonisi urea uya kuthi ukuba umntu ephuhliswe degree kakhulu lwe insufficiency kwezintso.
• Ukuba isigulana ukuba ukulandela ukutya. Ukudla Human kufuneka luqulathe igama izixa ezikhulu protein, kodwa ubungakanani ityuwa kunye ulwelo kuya kufuneka ukuba lincitshiswe. Ukongeza, ugqirha kufuneka mabacetyiswe ukuba uthathe isixa esithile neevithamini isigulane. Ukutya kuyafuneka ukuze kuncitshiswe ingozi thrombosis, igazi kunye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo iingxaki emva nokuqhathwa kuqhutywa.

• Ukuba isigulana enxanwe ukuba enze imisebenzi efana dialysis. Le yinkqubo kakhulu, ngoko kuye isigulane kufuneka bakulungele ngokwasengqondweni. Kwaye ukuba umntu ulahla, ngoko akukho mntu nxamnye nokuthanda kwakhe ukuze aphumeze dialysis angeke.
• Ukuba kukho amathuba phindo rhoqo zokuhlanjululwa kwegazi. Dialysis - inkqubo efuna ngokungqinelana nethayimthebhile kwinani elithile iiseshoni. Kwaye ukuba iqokelelwe sicwangciso, oko kuya kuba nefuthe konke.
• Ukuba isigulana unalo imali kuyimfuneko, kwaye isibhedlele izixhobo zonyango ezifanelekileyo.

Dialysis: ixabiso le nkqubo

Ngelishwa, ixabiso isiganeko esinjalo kungengokwentlambululo yendawo igazi abiza kakhulu-avareji ummi Russian, njengoko inkqubo nganye kufuneka anike avareji malunga 8000 engange. Yaye kuthekani ngabo abantu dialysis ubomi emiselweyo? Kubonakala ukuba kukho isicombululo, ngenxa yokuba kukho izibhedlele zikarhulumente nezinikwa inkxaso mali zasekuhlaleni. Kwaye kulo mzekelo, i-dialysis liya kuxabisa kakhulu ngaphantsi okanye akukho unyango iya kuba simahla.

Kwaye ukuba umntu ufuna ukuba bangenele dialysis phesheya, umzekelo, kwaSirayeli okanye US, uya kufuneka ahlawule eerandi 200 ukuya 250 kwiseshoni 1.

Ngoku uyazi ukuba yintoni na umshini, yaye ziziphi iintlobo imisebenzi yokuhlambulula igazi. Kwakhona bafumanisa ukuba phambi kokuba benze izigqibo kule nkqubo, kufuneka azalisekise iimeko ezininzi. Kodwa ke iindleko utyando ixhomekeke ukuze sikwazi apho phandle dialysis (kwisibhedlele yoluntu okanye yabucala), apho isixeko okanye ilizwe ukwenza oko (izwe kakhulu kuyabiza ngaphezu eRashiya), kwakunye emfundo oogqirha.