Constellation Sagittarius. NgeeNkwenkwezi, grade 11. Iinkwenkwezi namakroza

Constellation Archer wasilahla phakathi iScorpio ne Capricorn. Okubangel 'umdla ngenxa yokuba embindini Galaxy. Kwakhona kule enkulu umlaza zodiacal yi kwinqanaba le-ikhweyitha. Sagittarius iquka iinkwenkwezi ezininzi. Abanye babo kakhulu eziqaqambileyo. Le constellation ithatha indawo enkulu esibhakabhakeni ebusuku. amabali kunye neentsomi ezinxulumene nayo. Xa constellation yesikolo wafunda kwikhosi "Astronomy" (grade 11). Kodwa ikharityhulam ulinganiselwe. Ke abalandeli iinkwenkwezi basoloko ofuna ukuzuza ulwazi olungakumbi, hayi kuphela namakroza, kodwa malunga amafu, kunye iminyele ezinxulumene nazo.

Constellation Sagittarius

Sagittarius ngokungathandabuzekiyo ngomnye nakwiinkwenkwezi kakhulu emangalisayo kunye umdla esibhakabhakeni ebusuku. Ukuba luthe lwancothulwa 30 iminyaka eliwaka ukukhanya, umbindi womnyele wethu. Ifihlakele emva ilifu othuli. iinkwenkwezi ebizwa lekroza Sagittarius eyona zezulu, kakade, akunakwenzeka, kodwa abanye babo ukufikelela wukulu olubonakalayo ka-2.0 kwaye ibonakala kakuhle esibhakabhakeni.

Kukholelwa ukuba Sagittarius, Nani linganisani inxalenye eliligugu iMilky Way. Apha, nkqu izibuko endle amaqela ezibonakalayo globular kunye mafu. I umdla kakhulu yaye, ke, abo ezintle - i Lagoon Nebula no-Omega (ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa Swan), kwakunye ne-M20 kutshanje kuvulwa. Izazinzulu ababonise ukuba Sagittarius ngisho emngxunyeni omnyama, ngokutsho akhona, oko ibekwe embindini womnyele wethu.

Ngoko ke, kulula ukufumana lekroza ka Sagittarius esibhakabhakeni. Photo ifunyenwe ngoncedo ngeeteleskopu ezinamandla, ukunceda kukuphina akubonakali ngeliso lenyama. Emantla-mpuma yinxalenye lekroza kunye nokwanda elungileyo kungathathwa Galaxy etyumke ubudoda. Kuyinto sisondele iMilky Way. Umgama kule Galaxy imilo inkungu engagunyaziswanga - malunga 1.7 yezigidi kwiminyaka ukukhanya. Hi ndlela leyi, kwaba evulekile zizazinzulu E. Barnard ngo-1884 nangoku.

Ngokwendalo, zonke izinto lekroza ka Sagittarius zisendaweni imigama ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwinkqubo elanga. Phambi kokuba inkwenkwezi elikufutshane - Roth 154 - 9,69 kuphela iminyaka elula. Kwaye kwimigangatho isithuba zikufutshane kakhulu. Ngoko ke, singatsho ukuba ummelwane wethu.

Constellation of Sagittarius esibhakabhakeni

Le constellation ibonakala ngokucacileyo esibhakabhakeni ebusuku ehlotyeni. Kubonakala evela elishumi yesibini kaFebruwari, kwaye oko kwaqondakala ukuba ngoNovemba. Imiqathango best for ubonwa - kweli hlobo. Emva koko iyalahleka. I-Sun e Sagittarius ukususela-18 Disemba ukuya kwi-18 Januwari. Inyaniso umdla kakhulu; ke umqondiso edumileyo "! Wow" Ngaba neyamkelweyo ngamaqela Sagittarius Agasti 15, 1977 - mhlawumbe ukusuka yimpucuko njengomphambukeli.

Iintsomi malunga umlaza

Sagittarius uhlobene ezimbini kakuhle ezaziwayo neentsomi le Centaurs: Krotos kunye Chiron. isibonelo ngokwenza kuzo zonke ii-atlasi zezulu ngawo onke amaxesha utshintshela kuyo baboniswa isidalwa kunye umntla womntu kunye umzimba zehashe. Kule fomu oko wangena kule khathalogu ka Klavdiya Ptolemeya "Almagest".

Intsomi idumileyo yesiGrike lekroza Sagittarius inxulumanisa kunye nezilumko Chiron, utitshala umthantamisi amaqhawe ezininzi. Oku kwakukholelwa ukuba le centaur ngqo ukuhamba Argonauts wasungula wonke yasezulwini. Kuyo, wemka ilizwe ngokwabo. Asinto nzima ndiyaqonda ukuba lo umlaza ka Sagittarius, njengokuba kubhaliwe shot ukusuka isaphetha ngokupheleleyo centaur. Kodwa engalindelekanga kwenzeke: i Krotos wengcibi bamtyabula waza wathatha indawo yakhe. Kaloku, Chiron kwafuneka ukuba uma- ngaphantsi kwe umlaza obekekileyo Centaurus.

Constellation Sagittarius yaqukwa kwi "Ukuqokelelwa Svyatoslav" emva ngo-1073. izizwe Slavic yayisaziwa phantsi kwegama layo ngoku.

The Lagoon fu

iimfihlelo ezininzi yesiqalo ugcina umlaza Sagittarius. Amafoto efunyenwe telescope, wanceda ukufunda ngokweenkcukacha Lagoon Nebula, nto leyo ise kuwo. Ingabizwa kuqwalaselwa umtsalane isibhakabhaka zasehlotyeni. Kuba abo bathanda ukubukela iinkwenkwezi, nebula, oku kubonakale isifundo umdla kakhulu. It kungabonakala nkqu zizibonakude.

Lagoon Nebula - nelaye lasisiseko iinkwenkwezi. It olwenzeka zvezdoformiruyuschee ngothuli lwasemhlabeni. Kuyinto okweqanda imilo kwiziko kubonakala ngokucacileyo. I fu iqulethe Sisihloko iinkwenkwezi, ukuba jika it kwenye izinto ezininzi ezintle isibhakabhaka ebusuku kwasehlotyeni. Kuyinto kude ukusuka kwinkqubo 5.200 kwiminyaka ukukhanya nelanga. Iqulathe globules - amafu amnyama prozvezdnogo eziphathekayo.

fu M20

Kakade ke, iinkwenkwezi nje kuphela namakroza umdla ngeenkwenkwezi engahlawulwayo. umdla kakhulu kunye mafu. Xa constellation ka Sagittarius ezininzi. Kodwa ke enye yezona zintle, ngokuqinisekileyo fu M20. Yeyona nto inomdla ukubona ebusuku ehlotyeni, Noko ke, oku kungabonakala ngokusebenzisa ngeeteleskopu eliphakathi imbobo enkulu.

Into yokuqala etsala ingqalelo - kukho iinkwenkwezi ezimbalwa embindini inxalenye aqaqambe ye fu. Ke kucace ukuba le into efana "eyaphukileyo." gap Ebonakalayo ezimnyama esahlula nebula kwiindawo ezimbini. Le nxalenye emnyama na imilo le leta "T". Xa sikrini elungileyo ibonisa ukuba Nebula iqulathe ezintathu. Yaye ecaleni kwaso yenye into umbane eziluzizi.

Ngoko ke, lo nebula M20 limelwe stasis ezintathu iintlobo eziphambili: ezipinki (amadlozi), abamnyama (ukufunxa) kunye oluhlaza (Boneka).

Alfa Sagittarius

Sagittarius umlaza of iinkwenkwezi ingakhanyi kakhulu. Mhlawumbi loo nto ayikho abathanda ethandwa kakhulu isibhakabhaka ebusuku. Kule constellation oko umdla ukuba alpha ayikho inkwenkwezi ezikhanya. Sekunjalo, le nto ibonakala yaye igama layo.

Rukbat - star ezimhlophe-blowu. Ngo-Arabic Igama layo lithetha "idolo." Le alpha Sagittarius. Kwinkqubo elanga iinkwenkwezi Rukbat nama-71,4 parsecs. Kulo mzobo oko phambi yomlenze ekhohlo kwi kwamadolo. Ngenxa yoko got igama layo. Ukukhanya alpha Archer kakhulu inkwenkwezi obuphantsi Kaus australis.

Star Kaus Australis

Le nkwenkwezi likhanya kwi lekroza - Sagittarius yi epsilon. ukukhanya okubonakala Kaus Australis - 1.79, okuhambelana kokuqaqamba iinkwenkwezi kwi "emele" of the Big Dipper. It ibonakala kakuhle ngeliso lenyama, kwaye kulula ukufumana esibhakabhakeni ebusuku. Imfihlakalo a Aurora eliqaqambileyo uye wafunyanwa zizazinzulu ngenkulungwane ye-yamashumi amabini. Ufundo lwe Upsilon Sagittarius, kwafunyaniswa ukuba le nkwenkwezi kabini.

Kaus Australis eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "emazantsi yesaphetha 'ukuba ubonisa indawo yawo mzobo uhlanjwa umlaza. Le nkwenkwezi esemazantsi nesikhazimlayo kwi isaphetha Sagittarius, equka izinto ezintathu. Bow ifomu kodwa Kaus Australis, iinkwenkwezi ababini. Astronomy - inzululwazi yendlela ngqo kunye nobuchule, kunjalo, ngaphandle amagama ezisemthethweni izinto isibhakabhaka ebusuku nawo amagama abantu. Lambda beta kunye Sagittarius ngokulandelelana ngokuba Kaus ezimibalabala kunye Kaus Meridionalis. Bekunye upsilon zakha "isaphetha".

star kathathu kwi umlaza ka Sagittarius

Xa constellation ka Sagittarius iinkwenkwezi ezahlukeneyo. Astronomy uye supergiants data kunye Seven. Kodwa ingqalelo eyodwa izazinzulu akhona kusoloko anikwe star kathathu. Bona ezinqabileyo kakhulu kwaye ngoko umdla. Xa constellation ka Sagittarius kuba inkwenkwezi kathathu - it Albaldah. Kwinkqubo solar luthe lwancothulwa kumgama omalunga 508 ukukhanya-iminyaka. Zeekhathalogu star kwenza phantsi kophawu "pi Sagittarius."

Albaldah - inkwenkwezi eliqaqambileyo kakhulu. It ibonakala ngokucacileyo ukuba ngeliso lenyama, eyaziwa kakuhle ngoko ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Igama wanikwa ngeenkwenkwezi Arabhu waphawula phambi xesha lethu. Ekubeni ilizwi yamandulo Arabic "Albaldah" liguqulelwe ngokuthi "isixeko". Mhlawumbi sele ndingazi ukuba omnye, kodwa ezintathu iinkwenkwezi, ukuba wayecacisa igama. Kodwa isiqinisekiso oku ayifumanekanga.

Pi Sagittarius - inkqubo leenkwenkwezi ezintathu. OyiNtloko phakathi kuzo ingxilimbela emthubi-emhlophe. iqondo lobushushu - malunga 6590 Kelvin. Kwakhona umdla iqaqambile yelanga omkhulu ngaphezulu izihlandlo eziliwaka. Star kwi nqanaba zazivelela xa womxhuzulane zaphembelela yangaphakathi alahlekelwe uzinzo. isigebenga Yellow-emhlophe uqala ukwandisa contract. Malunga Hewana Albaldaha phantse nto iyaziwa. Uhlobo ezi nkwenkwezi sele okwangoku ziveziwe.

gamma Archer

Constellation Sagittarius kuquka enye iseti iinkwenkwezi ezinkulu. Noko ke, asingabo bonke bephela ngokucacileyo alibonakali ngeliso lenyama. Kodwa hayi Alnasl. Le nkwenkwezi ibekwe kwinkqubo elanga kumgama 96 iminyaka elula.

Gamma Sagittarius ibonakala ngokucacileyo esibhakabhakeni xa kumnyama. Ngoko ke, ngaba iyaziwa izazinzulu ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. It iyodwa ngenxa yokuba omnye, kodwa amabini amagama Arabhu angenako. I wokuqala - "Alnasl", bona bubonakala "arrowhead." Igama yesibini lenkwenkwezi, "Nushbada", Isimanga, linentsingiselo efanayo.

iimpawu Physical Alnasl - giant-orenji. kwithempritsha yayo ubuso nama-4760 degrees Kelvin. Ingaba unayo Hewana inkwenkwezi emhlabeni, ngathi Sun wethu, iye yamiselwa. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho umqondiso wobukho lwabo ibanjiwe.

Star Sefdar - lo Sagittarius

Le inkwenkwezi kabini, ukuba ibekwe kude ukusuka ilanga malunga 146 ukukhanya-iminyaka. Le Sagittarius has amagama ezimbini: i-Arabic "Sefdar" ( "kroti ugonyamelo") kunye Latin "il Furoris" ( "umlilo Fury"). De-1928 kwaba yinxalenye Telescope umlaza. Kamva, xa imida ngokutsha, ukuba zibangelwa Sagittarius.