Classicism ezincwadini

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-X VIII kuphuhliso wenkcubeko kwamazwe aseYurophu West classicism yaba utyekelo lubalaseleyo zobugcisa. Le isimbo ibhekisa ilifa bamaxesha amandulo, ukuthatha ibe ndlovu ogqibeleleyo nomgangatho. Classicism kwiincwadi kuhlangene kunye nemisebenzi imbongi French Fransua Malerba. Waqalisa yokuguqula ndinyana kunye nolwimi, ibulela kuye, kule ncwadi, ukuba babeke phantsi kwezinye izinqumo zemibongo.

Classicism - indlela ezazikhona vutshila X VIII-X I X iinkulungwane. Lo mkhuba usekelwe phezu iingcinga nengqiqo, kwase avuke siseko yokuziphatha nokobuqhawe kuko.

Classicism kwiincwadi wohlula iintlobo eziphambili ngeentlobo ezimbini: eziphezulu nezisezantsi. Iqela lokuqala iquka imisebenzi, ebalisa ngabantu abadumileyo kunye neziganeko. Ezi ntlobo ziquka ode, iintlekele kunye ingoma ubalulekileyo. Njengoko abo baphambili apha abapolitiki, amagcisa ezaziwayo-kakuhle, abalinganiswa zembali kunye nookumkani - abo bantu ngaye bathi ulwimi ngobukhulu, ingqungquthela. iintlobo Low zichaza ubomi yabucala oohlohlesakhe, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Wesithathu Estate. Bavuma ukuba comedy, intsomi, uvuthondaba kunye neminye imisebenzi ebhalwe isimbo buncokola.

Classicism kwiincwadi kwindawo yokuqala ibeka uhlobo ntlekele. Ukuba unako ukuveza miba ibalulekileyo yokuziphatha. iingxaki zentlalo ziboniswe iingqondo abalinganiswa abaphambili, enze ukhetho phakathi izithakazelo, inkanuko umsebenzi yokuziphatha. Isizathu eliphikisa izivamvo.

Ngethuba classicism ngemisebenzi uJean La Fontaine, N. Boileau noJean-Baptiste Aphakamileyo Moliere ukufikelela wentsomi, uvuthondaba kunye comedy. Le misebenzi, iingxaki ebalulekileyo bulumko kunye yokuziphatha iingxaki yoluntu mihla, angabikho "phantsi" uhlobo aze azuze kubalulekile kakhulu.

Xa ubudala classicism idale inani elikhulu imisebenzi iprozi. Works B. NjengoPascal, M. Lafayette, uJean La Bruyere kunye nabanye ababhali eli xesha sele efakiwe ezahlukeneyo inkanuko, nembono analytical, ukucaca ngqo yokuloba.

Classicism kwiincwadi sibonisa umkhuba esisiseko kwimibongo ezidolophini. Xa imisebenzi yakhe, ababhali bafuna ukubonisa umfundi ngokubaluleka ukubulawa kwabantu imisebenzi yabo kuluntu, isidingo sokufundisa zabantu-abemi.

Unga dwelisa iimpawu eziphambili classicism:

• imifanekiso kunye neefom ezithathwe imisebenzi zobugcisa bamandulo;
• ukwahlulwa abalinganiswa ezintle nezimbi;
• kwisiqwenga imisebenzi yamandulo - uthando unxantathu;
• kwi koyisa ekugqibeleni okulungileyo nokubi ukuba babethwe;
• kumthetho onxwe amathathu: indawo kunye nexesha amanyathelo.

Ngokwemveli, ngenxa yemisebenzi ezaziwa ababhali sebali wathabatha isiganeko esithile nembali. Eyona imveliso hero - umntu onesidima, ezo yayintsha naziphi na iziphene. imisebenzi Classical zaye benamandla iingcinga rationalism kunye nenkonzo kurhulumente.

ERashiya, oku kuqala ibonakala imisebenzi Lomonosov, yaye emva koko yaphuhliswa imisebenzi A. Kantemir, V. Trediakovsky kunye nabanye ootitshala. Kusasele iintlekele ezisekelwe iziganeko zesizwe kunye zembali (A. Sumarokov, Nikolaev, J. Knyazhnin), kwaye nendlela yabo yangoku lyricism kunye 'uphondo "abalinganiswa abaphambili. abadlali Main ngqo kwaye ngokungafihlisiyo ukuvakalisa izimvo yombhali. Sinokuthi classicism kuncwadi Russian sele njengendlela neyokohlwaywa bokubanga satirical nobumi.

Emva kokupapashwa amanqaku V. Belinsky kwinzululwazi zemfundo nezigxeko elibi elenze kule ndlela. Kuphela kwixesha yiSoviet, kwaba nako ukubuyela kulo style intsingiselo yalo yangaphambili kunye nokubaluleka.