Chocolate Tree: ifoto kunye nenkcazelo. Apho umthi chocolate ikhula?

Kuyo imithi chocolate eyaziwayo kumazwe kuMbindi naseMzantsi Merika. Ngoku kakhokho lasendle (umthi chocolate), ubandakanyeka sterculioideae phantse akafumaneki. Isityalo iye ikhula ukususela kuphuhliso amazwe South American yi baseSpeyin. Ulinywa nokulinywa ngenxa yabo ngo emasimini.

Theobroma - mandulo Greek igama umthi, elithetha "ukutya woothixo." Ngokwenene ubomi ngokuvisisana negama layo. Ngayo ezifunyenwe iimbotyi ekoko na incasa nguThixo. Chocolate, nokuba isiselo kushushu, iithayile nzima, iilekese, intlama okanye cream, iya kuba nguwo wonke.

indawo ekhula ukhokho

Ezikwiingingqi apho elikhulayo umthi itshokolethi, kugcwele iimeko ezizodwa zemozulu. Ngokusisiseko, nokulinywa kule ndawo, ndisolulela yonke Melika, eAfrika Oceania. ase-Afrika - i abanikezela iimbotyi koko. Nikeza market yehlabathi ukuya kuma-70% le mveliso.

Zinakanwa kumnikezeli inkulu Ghana. Xa ezinkulu lizwe - Accra - oko wakha emarikeni inkulu Afrika apho iimbotyi sithengise ekoko. iimbotyi chocolate ekuvunweni kwi- Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) efikelela 30% yetotali eveliswa ehlabathini. Indonesia kananjalo ingqalelo ngumdlali enkulu emarikeni.

iziqhamo ezininzi ivunwe imithi chocolate e Bali, apho indibanisela imozulu ntaba linonophele mlilo ezifanelekileyo lomhlaba ukuze kukhule koko. imbewu kakhokho Wagxothwa eNigeria, Brazil, Cameroon, Ecuador, kwiDominican Republic, Malaysia kunye Colombia.

Ukhokho iimeko ezikhulayo

Kunzima ukufumana umthi ahlekisayo ngaphezu koko. Lufuna iimeko ezizodwa ubomi. Ukuphuhlisa lixakathe iziqhamo uyintombazane emangalisayo - itshokolethi tree - nako kuphela multi-ezinemigangatho amahlathi. Isityalo luhlala kwi kwenqanaba esezantsi yehlathi. Akukho musa shwaka emthunzini nokufuma kunye nemeko ubushushu igcinwa kumanqanaba ukusuka + 24 ukuya +28 ⁰ C.

Ithanda kwiidolophu ezincinane wakhawula, friable, wona amagqabi ewile imihlaba apho engaphezi imvula futhi kungekho nomoya. Ezi meko ekhulayo ezinako ukudala isigubungelo, nto leyo senziwa multi-ezinemigangatho yimvula amahlathi emvula.

Umzekelo, kwi Amazon xa kuqala ilixesha lemvula, xa imijelo omlambo, eshiya kweendonga zayo, aguqulwa abe olungenasiphelo esezantsi echibini ubunzulu imitha, yonke imithi iiveki ezininzi ezixabisa chocolate phantse emanzini. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezinjalo, izityalo musa ukubola, yaye kwelinye icala, siqhubeke sikhula.

Ukukhulisa kumasimi imithi chocolate

umthi chocolate ahlekisayo befuna kwiimeko iqondo lobushushu. Asinto nako ukuphuhlisa xa amaqondo obushushu lingaphumi ngasentla 21 ⁰ C. lobushushu elilelona lokukhula ithathwa ngokuba 40 ⁰ C. Ngelo xesha nye kwelanga yingozi ngqo.

Ngoko ke, ukuqinisekisa ukukhula efanelekileyo zemithi, ukuba etyalwe Ukutyala mixed. Kakhokho imvakalelo kakhulu phakathi avokhado, iibhanana, mango, ikhokhonathi sokuhlanganisa nemithi. imithi ahlekisayo, ngokuxhomekeke ngokulula ku iintlobo zezifo, kufuneka inkathalo rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa ngenyameko. Isivuno kubo isuswe ngesandla.

Inkcazelo tree chocolate

I-avareji ukuphakama tye-buti sihlahla kweemitha ezi-6. Noko ke, kwezinye iimeko ayithethi malini nantoni na ukuba kukhule ukuya kwele-9 nokuba-15 leemitha. Komboko izityalo (30 cm macala onke kunye nemithi bulubhelu) iquka uqweqwe brown, sithsaba sam enkulu ebanzi isithsaba eyayizalwa.

Imithi ezinokuthi kuhlala emthunzini ehlathini, kwana imvula, abe amagqabi enkulu lume-okweqanda. Ixabiso yonke rhoqo amagqabi, ndimkhathalela obhityileyo, ehleli petioles elifutshane, efana ubungakanani yephepha-ndaba. ubude sabo ezimalunga nama-40 cm kunye nobubanzi-15 cm.

Ngenxa ishiya imithi ezinkulu kwiimvuthuluka chocolate intumekeka ukukhanya, sasinda ankcenkceza ngokusebenzisa izityalo aluhlaza, sanikwa ubude enkulu. Kuba ukukhula kwamahlamvu giant alupheleli nje ngcembe (hayi amagqabi okwentyatyambo omnye emva enye). Yena baba ngathi ngumtshangatshangiso. Lelo lizwi ushiya kufa phantsi iiveki ezimbalwa okanye iinyanga kwaye musa akhule, ngoko ngesiquphe kukho ukuphazamiseka enkulu kuphuhliso lwabo - bobabini ipheliswe iinkuni ezimbalwa.

Fruiting kwenzeka kunyaka-ngeenxa zonke. Eyokuqala imbali kunye iziqhamo Ukwakheka ambona ubomi 5-6 ngonyaka esityalo. ixesha fruiting ihlala iminyaka 30-80. Fruiting umthi chocolate kabini ngonyaka. isivuno esikhulu okuphindwe emva kweminyaka 12 yobomi.

Imiqadi benziwa iintyatyambo ezincinane, ezipinki-ezimhlophe ezenza indlela yabo nangeliphi na ixesha kuqweqwe esogqume neziqu amasebe amakhulu. Uzalise neentyatyambo, exuding nevumba layo elibi, Iingcongconi, iintwala. Brown kunye neziqhamo etyheli, ezifana ekwimo melon encinane lume exabe, ijinga komboko. kumphezulu wazo lungqamane kunye vee ezilishumi.

Imbewu emthini yetshokolethi

Asebekhulile ukuba kufuneka iinyanga 4. Ngenxa onjalo elide emuncu imithi yeziqhamo lonke ixesha, kwaye namaqhosha ngeentyatyambo, kunye neziqhamo. Ungeniselo 30 cm ubude, 5-20 cm ububanzi yaye nezinobunzima 200-600 g kwi ne30-50 ukufihla iimbotyi ekoko. Iimbotyi liqiniswe bulishica ashinyeneyo iqokobhe abanzi otyheli, obomvu okanye-orenji. Ubude Amygdala nganye imbewu - 2-2.5 cm, yaye ububanzi - 1.5 cm.

imiqolo Longitudinal iimbotyi singqongwe yintlama zimnandi sweetish, apho iiproteni neemfene iziqu ukuba izimuncumuncu. Bona besanya yintlama anzongonzongo, basikhupha izinto ezixabiseke abantu - iimbotyi, esetyenziswa njenge ekrwada ekuveliseni cocoa chocolate eziphathekayo.

othunyelwa ukuqokelela

Ekubeni umthi itshokolethi kakhulu eziphakamileyo, ngokuba ukuvunwa na oocelemba neemela kusetyenziselwa kuphela, kodwa zifihle esibondeni elide. iziqhamo wadubula isikwe 2-4 isithinzi. Iimbotyi, itsalwa yintlama ngesandla basasaze okusula ngamagqabi banana, iitreyi zigutyungelwe okanye kwiibhokisi.

Xa okusula imbewu ekoko wafumana ilanga ngolangazelelo-bakrakra amaphetshana apile mbalwa ezixabisekileyo. Ngoko ke, kukhethwa iimbotyi zivaliwe-womile. ixesha ibile ithatha iintsuku ezi-2 ukuya ku-9. Xa inkqubo yaphuse nokuncipha imbewu.

processing of imbewu

iimbotyi kakhokho shades brown-ezimfusa abe incasa ibesabubhotolo kunye livumba elithozamisayo. Iimbewu zinokulungiswa ngayo, ukucocwa, singabi inwebu igcadiweyo, izikhumba, awayekhotyokiswa ohluzwe ngokusebenzisa ngesihlungulo ukufumana kwizinga eliphezulu kakhokho umgubo.

Ngesikhumba inwebu isetyenziswa nje isichumiso, kwaye umgubo isuse ezinye processing mveliso itshokolethi. Chocolate umthi, okanye mandithi izinto zayo ekrwada zingafumaneka imbewu - isiseko ogqibeleleyo ezahlukeneyo kwabo iziyolo.

Ukususela mixture eqhotsiweyo yade ukusilwa ibe ubunzima obukhulu lufumaneka ngokuwupholisa itshokolethi ekrakra. Ekwandiseni umxube kweziphumo iswekile, vanilla, ubisi, kunye nezinye nezongezelelo ukunika chocolate ezahlukeneyo.

Ukusuka phantsi ngokucinezela iziqhamo ezigcadiweyo, ibhotolo ekoko ilungiselela. Mixture eseleyo emva kokuba ucofe kuyo ingumhlaba ibe ngumgubo ekoko. Ngenxa yoko, ababini imveliso unika ubuntu umthi itshokolethi. Confectionery mveliso kwaye isebenzisa ibe luthuthu namasi, ukhupha zonke iintlobo okukhona chocolate. Ioli, kaloku ke, lisetyenziswa ekwenziweni amakha nezithambiso kunye arhente imithi.

iingenelo koko

Ekoko ayikho nje izimuncumuncu okunencasa, iye ephilisa izakhiwo. nokubunjwa kwayo sisekelwe protein, ifayibha, iintsini, sezakhi, theobromine, nenqatha, starch kunye zombala. Ngenxa theobromine, ibe nafuthe tonic, ekoko iye isetyenziswe njengonyango. Nayo gqiba ngempumelelo sifo womqala kunye nemiphunga.

Phatha kunye amalungiselelo zoxubo koko abuyisele amandla kunye nentuthuzelo. Bona bunjani umsebenzi intliziyo. ukusebenzisa kwabo kuthintelo iposi engabalulekanga, ukufa icala kunye nesifo somhlaza. ibhotolo ekoko ziphilise hemorrhoids.