Crane White (Sterkh): inkcazelo, apho ubomi kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Le ntaka zaziwa nobungangamsha njengekhephu-white Likhonkco loovimba abaninzi lwendalo. Nangona kunjalo, abantu kwimeko yayo yendalo kuthechu yokwehla. crane White (Sterkh) iindlwane kuphela kwiindawo ezimbalwa nemimandla kumantla eRashiya.

Sterh: iimpawu zangaphandle

crane Siberian fanele ku cranes udidi lwazo, cranes usapho. intaka ezinkulu - ukukhula iyahluka ukusuka ikhulu elinamanci mane nekhulu mathandathu iisentimitha, inobunzima malunga ezisibhozo eekhilogram. amaphiko crane Swayipa iyahluka angamakhulu amabini aneshumi ukuya iisentimitha ezimakhulu mabini anamanci mathathu, kuxhomekeka kuluntu.

Kuphela ngexesha ukufuduka ebusika-moya-elide mgama wenza crane emhlophe. Sterh kwindlwane Russian izale. Ezi iintaka ziyajongwa rhoqo ornithologists.

umbala

crane White (sterkh) inomsebenzisi iimpawu, apho kunzima siphambanise ne kwezinye iintaka - umlomo ebomvu elide ukuba burr elibukhali kwi eziphelweni. Ehlabathini amehlo kunye neentsiba ngomlomo apho, yaye isikhumba ipeyintiweyo ngombala obomvu kwaye ubonakale kude.

Iintsiba komzimba zibekwe kwimiqolo emibini - omhlophe, kwicala elingaphakathi amaphiko emancamini lemiqolo emibini - emnyama. Imilenze zinde, eziyiyo ube bomvu. Bona abancedisi ezinkulu Crane imigxobhozo: ivumela zizame kubekho umgxobhozo viscous phezu amaqhuma.

Ekuqaleni amantshontsho amehlo aluhlaza, ngoko ke baba ebengezelayo. crane White (Sterkh) ohlala malunga asixhenxe iminyaka, ayizange ibe ohlobo.

yokuhlala

Namhlanje, kukho abantu ababini milenge yale hlobo. Omnye ohlala kummandla Arkhangelsk, kwaye eyesibini - kwi Yamalo-Nenets Ukuzilawula District. Le ntaka balumke kakhulu - crane ezimhlophe. White Crane, inkcazelo emfutshane yayo enikwe kweli nqaku, yenza konke okusemandleni ukuze amava abantu, yaye oko alubanga nakulambatha; ngokuba abangenamvume kwiindawo ezininzi baziva angohlwaywa.

Ukuba intaka wabona umntu - uhamba kwindlwane. crane Siberian ayikwazi kuphela ukulahla iklatshi, kodwa sele ukuqanduselwa amantshontsho. Ngoko ke, musa intaka ukuphazamisa ebudeni beli xesha. crane White (Sterkh), nto leyo iintaka kuphela eRashiya, ubusika e Azerbaijan ne India, Afghanistan kunye Mongolia, China nasePakistan. Ekuqaleni kuka March, le milenge ukubuyela kwilizwe labo.

In Yakutia Siberian Crane ithunyelwe kwimimandla ekwanti eyetundra ukhetha ukubeka imigxobhozo kunye namahlathi luluqilima. Apha ngokuvume- ukuthuthelwa ebusika.

ukudla

zemvelo abaninzi nomdla kulo mbuzo: "ntoni ukuba adle crane omhlophe (Sterkh)?" Le mgangathweni.Ukutya le ntaka intle ongena kunye nemifuno kunye isilwanyana ukutya. Kunye nezityalo nezilwanyana zasemanzini: tuber, umqhaphu ingca, sedge kunye cranberries, nto leyo wayeyoliswa kakhulu Siberia cranes - abazange bala ukutya izinambuzane ezinkulu, amaqanda ezinye iintaka, iimpuku, amantshontsho ezingeyonzalelwane yalapha, ezingenamqolo kunye nentlanzi. Ebusika, ngexesha ukufuduka, Siberia cranes ayiphelelanga ukutya izityalo. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba ezi ntaka kungabi kakubi ukulima.

buphindwe

milenge White - a iintaka umfazi oyedwa. Umphunga akhiwa xa milenge ziya kuba yiminyaka emithandathu. Embindini okanye ekupheleni kukaMeyi wambumba iperi iintaka ukhethe indawo oluzalela kuyo kwixesha elizayo. Njengezinye iintlobo milenge, bahlangana isibini amanqaku ukucula elikhulu. Ukukhala ezi ntaka uphawu - okuqhubekayo, phezulu nolucacileyo. It sibonisa Siberian cranes esuka kwezinye iintlobo.

ESiberia cranes indlu yakhelwe phezu kwamanzi evulekileyo. Ezi ncwadi ziqulethe nzima iqonga le sedge iziqu. imfuneko olugunyazisiweyo xa ukhetha indawo oluzalela - ukufumaneka kwamanzi acocekileyo, lo lamanzi kufuneka ubuncinane ubunzulu ngeesentimitha eziyi-40.

Kunika umdla ukubona izibini ukusukelwa dance. Ekuqaleni, zombini iintaka alahlele umva intloko yakhe ayikhuphi izandi emnandi, entsonkothileyo ezinde. Ukuzalisekisa 'emtshatweni' zabo ngoma, inkunzi amaphiko ayo ububanzi, ngoxa kutshata nayo ubagcina lisongiwe. Ngeli xesha, i milenge ezimhlophe uqalise umdaniso zabo, equka izaphetha, Bouncing, ngokumisa amasetyana neePAT amaphiko.

Ulwakhiwo yentaka, abazali bobabini bekwi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, imazi ibeka amaqanda ezimbini izimvi namabala amnyama amancinci. Kunyaka owomileyo kunokuba abe mnye. Nzalandini liwaqandusele ababhinqileyo ezineentsuku ezimashumi mabini anethoba. Ngeli xesha inkunzi vigilantly uyasilinda kwindlwane.

inzala lwamaJuda uqala i idabi ephinde ukusinda. Ngenxa yoko, kukho omnye intshontsho inkulu kwaye zinamandla. Emva kweentsuku asixhenxe anantlanu, wabonakala iintsiba brawuni ebomvu. Ubuhle njengekhephu-ezimhlophe bajike kuphela iminyaka emithathu.

I-Red Book of Russia: crane omhlophe (Sterkh)

Sterkh - intaka inkulu yentsapho yakhe. Isikakhulu indlela wamanzi obomi, kwenza kube nzima ukusebenza ukugcina eli iintlobo zezityalo ezivela yokutshabalala. Ke inani labemi Yakut ayidluli amawaka amathathu. Kuba West Siberian Siberian cranes - imeko ingqiqo: ukuba akukho ngaphezu abantu mabini.

umba kakhulu ukukhusela milenge ezimhlophe Sizibandakanye 1970. Iindawo ezininzi ziye zasekwa iimali ezibekelelweyo, apho ornithologists kukhula ezi neentaka amaqanda. Kananjalo bafundisa amantshontsho moya umgama omde. Noko ke, le sengozini izakulahleka crane emhlophe ngokupheleleyo (Sterkh). Red Book (International) Kwakhona bagqibezele uluhlu yezi ntlobo ezisengozini. Ozingela ezi ntaka akuvumelekanga ngokupheleleyo.

Ithemba imvuselelo

Ukususela kwiminyaka yee-nineties zenkulungwane yokugqibela, ngaphezu kwekhulu milenge ezimhlophe ezikhuliselwe zokukhulisa iye yakhupha kwi kwindalo. Ngelishwa, amantshontsho ezinjalo kakuhle zona (ubuninzi-20%). Isizathu sokuba izinga lokusweleka aphezulu kukungabikho ukhokelo inqanawa, kwakunye noqeqesho moya, elinikwa abazali zasendle.

Le ngxaki bazama ukulungisa izazinzulu American. Bamise umfuniselo, eli leyo ukuphumeza amantshontsho ekusebenziseni moto akuxhome-neziwuza. ERashiya, siye liphuhlise inkqubo efanayo, ebizwa ngokuba "Flight yeThemba".

Ngaba wakha trikes ezintlanu ngo-2006, yaye ngoncedo lwabo i cranes abaselula eSiberia bathatyathelwa indlela elide ukusuka Yamal ukuya Uzbekistan, apho wayehlala milenge ndiyingwevu, aseSiberia cranes, kwaye nabo baya ubusika. Ngo-2012, uMongameli Vladimir Putin wathabatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo enjalo. Kodwa ngesizathu esithile, eli xesha milenge ezingwevu enaningamkelanga zona i Siberian Crane kunye ornithologists kwafuneka ukuba amantshontsho ezisixhenxe sizigcinele Belozersky e Tyumen.

anika umdla

• In India Crane ngokuba intaka-weenyibiba. Indira Gandhi wakhupha umyalelo (1981), apho endaweni ubusika milenge ezimhlophe sadalwa ipaka "Keoladeo", nto leyo waphawula kubekho ulawulo engqongqo waza wadala imimiselo efanelekileyo ukukhusela ezi ntaka yinzwakazi.
• crane White (Sterkh) ukoyisa indlela inde xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo milenge: ingaphezu kwezonka ezihlanu ezinesiqingatha ophosa. Kabini ngonyaka, i milenge kundize amazwe ezisithoba.
• E Dagestan, ogama masimu awela cranes zaseSiberia zifuduka, kukho banentsomi omhle Siberia cranes aba imiphefumlo yamajoni uwe. Ilivo yaba sisiseko le ngoma odumileyo, eyabhalwa ilizwi Services Gamzatov.
• Xa ixesha lokukhwela milenge ezimhlophe balala iiyure hayi ngaphezulu kwe ezimbini ngosuku.
• Kuba kwizizwe zeli Khanty Mansi nendwe Elimhlophe yintaka engcwele, totem tribal ubhalo ebalulekileyo onke amasiko.
• Khanty ibingenakuwahlupha Crane: kukho owalela ekungathethwayo nxamnye ukutyelela iindawo apho milenge ezimhlophe indlwane entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni.
• Eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuba zikhe ezi ntaka, ornithologists cinga indlela "abazali besibini" nokukhulisa kwi reserve. Kwimeko yokuqala, iqanda milenge ezimhlophe ezinokutyalwa yentaka ka milenge hina. Kule yesibini - amantshontsho kukhula mmandla wolondolozo, bodwa ngokuqhagamshelana nabantu. Emva koko azikhutshwa ziye umntu omdala milenge zasendle.

Bird yabalindi kuqhubeka ukuphuhlisa imisebenzi ejoliswe ukulondoloza le ntaka yinzwakazi. Siyathemba ukuba nendwe amhlophe (Sterkh), ukuxelwa esiye thaca kweli nqaku uya kusindiswa elide ukuba intaka enkulu iza ukusikholisa kunye iimbono zabo.