Bromeliads izityalo: isishwankathelo, iimpawu, kunye neemfuno inkathalo

Usapho omkhulu Bromeliads (eyayisaziwa ngokuba yi) has a ubulungu ngeentlobo ngaphezu kwamawaka amabini. Bromeliads - izityalo eneentyatyambo monocots ezibandakanywe poales ukuze.

ukwanda

usapho Bromeliads isityalo kuseMpuma ekweleenjiko nakuMntla noMzantsi Merika, Afrika. Bona aqhelekile ezininzi nemozulu yetropika sabutropikhi of America, ukususela iintlango amahlathi, ndimkhathalela ifumile.
Phantsi kweemeko zendalo, bromeliads ezilalisa kumhlaba imithi ayiphumelelanga kwaye nkqu nasemaweni.

Ngenxa data ngendlela engaqhelekanga, zonke izityalo ezo zibe iingcambu kunokuba buthathaka. Nangona iintlobo ezininzi ezikhula emhlabeni, ukufumana ukudla emhlabeni, ngathi izityalo ezininzi.

incazelo

Bromeliads - izityalo monocarpic. Yokuba zibe nzima, ngokufuthi amagqabi inameva. Ngethuba lokudubula kweentyatyambo, kudla ngokuba ngamagqabi ngokomkhethe zipeyintwe ngemibala eqaqambileyo kunye nezinto nokuhombisa ekhaya yoqobo iinyanga 2-3.

Uninzi zohlobo bangamalungu izityalo ichibi ebizwa njalo-: babe amagqabi bulishica emxinwa abayiqokeleleyo iplagi kwaye yenza ichibi. Xa ifanele enjalo ziqokelela amanzi kuwa, yaye ngoko ke izinambuzane abulawe. Ngaloo kwakhiwa iintsalela eziphilayo, ezo zitya izityalo. Olu phawu kufuneka ukuba siqwalasele xa olukhulayo amalungu amaninzi entsapho. Umzekelo, Guzman kufuneka inkcenkceshelwa yaye aqhamileyo kuphela iplagi. Ezi iimpawu ezifanayo uphawu kriptanusa, vriezy, neoregelia, ehmei.

Elinye lamalungu edume phakathi kosapho yi. Kunye kriptantusom ekhula emhlabeni, ukufumana zonke izondlo eyimfuneko evela emhlabeni.
Kudla ekhaya, ezi izityalo ezilinywa kwiphetshana lomthi epiphytic. Isiphumo Ukuqamba umdla kakhulu kwaye yokuqala. Le kuyekela imilo ahlekisayo kwenza elitywinwe, yizalise zeendawana ukukhanya ayiyo kunye nezityalo ndatyala. Iingcambu kwesigubungelo ngaphezulu moss, ekufuneka moisturize rhoqo.

Musa ukumangaliswa ukuba xa uthenga kwileyibhile izityalo kule ntsapho, kufuneka ubone "Bromeliads mix." izityalo Potted, ngokuqhelekileyo benemixokelelwane ezizodwa ngemiyinge emincinci kunye eli gama eqhelekileyo.

Ekubeni iimeko zendalo, iintlobo ezininzi zikhula kwiindawo ezilulwalwa, floriculture ekhaya abazama ukudala iimeko succulents - kubekwa iifestile kumzantsi, nokubonelela yamanzi mhle kwaphela.

Bromeliads izityalo: iintlobo kunye neempawu

Zonke izityalo ukuba lilungu le ntsapho zingahlulwa ngokweendidi ezintathu ngokuxhomekeke ezihlala kuzo. Kweli candelo siza kuzama ukuba achaze oko neentjalo bromeliads.

bromeliads itanki

Phakathi kweli qela kukho izityalo ezininzi kunye amagqabi ezintle zakudala amathupha ezinkulu eliqaqambileyo. Ezi ziquka: Gusman, vrieziyu, neoregelia, kriptantus, blue Tillandsia, ehmeyu. Ezi zityalo kufuneka ifanele-ezimile elisesifubeni lesinxibo amagqabi bulishica emxinwa. Ukususela iziko layo liphuma phezu spike yokudubula eliphezulu. Ishiya eyakha iplagi ukuze ngokuqinileyo ezikufutshane enye kwenye, ukuba akha ichibi apho amanzi eziqokelelayo.

Uninzi lwezi izityalo eziyinzalelwane kumahlathi American, apho zikhula phantsi ihlathi okanye emithini. Roots kulo mzekelo, kudlala indima yokuba uhlobo ankile, ephethe iintyatyambo isiqu emthini. Socket ukwakheka, kungathatha iminyaka emininzi phambi kokuba kweentyatyambo kwaye kweentyatyambo ngokwayo unokuthatha iinyanga eziliqela emva kokufa lo walivala ithende ezingundoqo endaweni ayikhulise emva esisekweni ngamasebe ecaleni.

Umtsalane yale yokudubula bracts eziqhotyoshelwe yokuqala, njengoko iintyatyambo ngokwabo kunokuba amancinci elifutshane elide. Uphawu lokunakekela izityalo kwisingxobo unkcenkceshayo kubo: ukugalelwa ngamanzi athambileyo kufuneka ibe ifanele, uze emva koko nje ezimbalwa yokunyakamisa kumphezulu womhlaba. Xa unakekelo ekhaya ukuba ukuvumela amanzi ukuze bahlale hopper ixesha elide: amagqabi liya kubola, ingakumbi ukwehla okukhulu lobushushu.

Xa bromeliads epiphytic izityalo indlu iingcambu amahle nzulu, ngoko ke kufuneka alinywe ukwenzela ukuba isitali, leyo zeendawana. umhlaba amanzi ezi zityalo kuba yintlekele.

uwabonisa

Ezi zityalo bromeliads bakhetha ukuhlala emeveni ezinkulu cactus shinyi amasebe emithi, njalo-njalo. N. Bona inkqubo iingcambu buthathaka kakhulu, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, iingcambu bangabi ingakhiwa konke konke. Bright ushiya ukuba ayenzeki, kodwa uhlobo lwezityalo na zahlukahlukene kakhulu.

Izityalo ziqhelekileyo kwaye yaziwa kakuhle eli qela - grey Tillandsia. Xa vivo befumana amathontsi amanzi nombethe okanye inkungu ukulungisa emagqabini. Zokutya zilungiselelwa ukusuka ngamasuntswana uthuli. Akufuneki wankcenkcesha, kodwa kuphela ukusuka atomizer ukutshiza amanzi ethambileyo. izityalo bromeliads esesibhakabhakeni kufuneka eninzi ukukhanya, kodwa saa. Bathi abafuni substratum ekhethekileyo zodongwe kakuhle ngokwaneleyo ukuze uzicombulule ukwindlela yokuma zokuhombisa.

oluhlala ezweni

Ezi zityalo ephuhliswe kakuhle ingcambu, ngoko azinakekele akukho kwahluka uninzi houseplants. Leaf zomzimba, ingakumbi iintlobo entlango yande ukufuma, ngoko ke nenyama kakhulu, agudileyo ekhazimla. Ukunkcenkceshela ezi zityalo kufuneka ngokulinganisela, kufuneka kungavunyelwa zeendawana amanzi.

Amanzi zokunkcenkceshela kufuneka ukuba athambe. Primer for bromeliads ezweni kufuneka iqulathe pine tree, iphepha umhlaba pre-comminuted, wamatye isanti umlambo enkulu (4: 1: 2: 1). kwiimfuno ukukhanyisa ezi imibala zixhomekeke kwiimeko apho bakhula ekhaya: Pineapples kufuneka ilanga kunye kriptantusy emhlabeni bakhetha umthunzi.

izityalo Bromeliads indlu futhi kubo

Ekuqaleni, siza kwazisa ezinye iintlobo ezithandwayo zezi zityalo ezingaqhelekanga, yaye emva koko siza sithethe ngendlela ukuphumeza imbali entle, njengoko exhonyiweyo inqaku imifanekiso. Ukunyamekela le mibala kuyinto snap.

yi

Mhlawumbi budinga esaziwa kakhulu le ntsapho. Uninzi abafundi bethu ukumazi kunye neziqhamo ezinkulu ezifana esigingqini. Kwaye i umthengisi weentyatyambo onamava uyazi ukuba nepayina ikhaya ityholwana encinane amagqabi elide, ahlabayo uyamthanda nobushushu ilanga, yokutshiza kunye yamanzi amaninzi. Bambalwa abantu bayazi ukuba ukukhulisa le ntyatyambo ongaqhelekanga inokuba ukusuka kwincam iziqhamo, nto wathengisa ngayo evenkileni.

billbergia

Lidla isityalo ukungafuni okuye elide, sijinga phantsi amagqabi. It esezansi kanye kuphela ebomini. amagqabi awo adyojwe ngombala osisityebi oluhlaza, elunxwemeni wona aqoqiwe kancinane. Le isityalo kufuneka nokukhanya nokufuma ngomlinganiselo. Billbergia ukungafuni ukuya emikhumbini yamanzi, kwaye ukuphila ngaphandle kwezichumiso, umhlaba kunye nezinye iinkqubo ononophelo.

Vrieziya

Esi sityalo izityalo okuhle abo sele abanye amava yokukhula bromeliads epiphytes. Yibeke na apha emhlabeni, yaye iinkuni oki, yomdiliya ukubaleka okanye nayiphi na inxalenye yesityalo.

Vriezii zifuna ukufuma eliphezulu ndithantamisa ukukhusela kwamanzi kunkcenkceshelo, ekufuneka sibe ngcathu. Isityalo itsalelwa kule elisesifubeni lesinxibo yamagqabi. Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukufuma angaxingi.

Hecht

Oku oluhlala ezweni of bromeliads, ngoko ke isityalo kwenza kube iimfuno kubalulekile ukuba ubume bomhlaba, kufuneka kube lula yaye okunesondlo. Hecht kufuna ziba rhoqo kunye ukunkcenkceshelwa luninzi. Uthanda kwelanga (nokuba reyi ngqo) kunye nomoya owomileyo, nangona uninzi bromeliads ezinjalo iimeko abazani.

guzman

Isityalo Iifomu kwivenkile olwandeleyo amagqabi umxhelo elide. Oku kufuneka ukufuma phezulu, emikhumbini yamanzi amaninzi, indawo kakuhle nelikhanyiswe, kodwa Kuyancomeka yokugubungela sihlahla nakwimitha yelanga. Winter esezansi inflorescences eqaqambileyo injezu, nekufuneka zisuswe ngokukhawuleza baqalise ukuba yome.

neoregelia

Le mbali i amagqabi elide kakhulu - up to iisentimitha-35, nto leyo yenze nerozi ashinyeneyo ogama isiseko phambi kweentyatyambo blushes. Neoregelia zibekhona kwindawo eqaqambileyo, apho lakufumana imitha yelanga. Ukunkcenkceshela izityalo emhlabeni, kunye neentsuku kushushu kakhulu sunny, unako kugalela amanzi iplagi.

bromeliads Care

Ukwenza ezi zityalo eneentyatyambo nezingaqhelekanga, umnini uya kufuna izakhono ezithile kunye nomonde, kodwa Kuyinto elula ukuthatha unonophelo kwizityalo sele kweentyatyambo. Ukuze inguqu ukuba kweentyatyambo kufuna lobushushu eliphezulu (hayi ngaphantsi kwe +25 ° C), kuba izityalo sele kweentyatyambo unomoya ngokwaneleyo, kodwa akufuneki angehla +12 ° C.

Uninzi bromeliads zifuna nokukhanya. Amalungu ale ntsapho ungenako ukubathwala zeendawana amanzi, yaye kufuneka kwamanzi. Umhlaba itsalelwa kuphela emva kokuba lome. Kwiintlobo ezingeyo rosettes, umhlaba kufuneka obuphakathi efumileyo. Ukutshiza evumelekileyo iintlobo ezininzi kuphela ehlotyeni.
Ezi zityalo bondliwa wokutshiza amagqabi, ngoko hlale indawo amanzi yokunxiba sisitshizi (ulwelo).

Kwindalo, ezi zityalo ezi phantse akukho izondlo. isichumiso Bromeliad izityalo usebenzisa ezimbiwa kuphela, yaye ingqalelo kufuneka ibe izihlandlo ezihlanu ngaphantsi kwe uncoma sikhokelo ezinye izityalo.

Wabandisa Amahlumelo zezityalo, ezo kuvela emazantsi. Kuyimfuneko ukuba alinde ixesha elithile emva kokufa kwisokethi kude ngamasebe. Iinkqubo eneminyaka iinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu Etyelwe nje zeendawana ezilula kunye lwenkohlakalo ziqulathe kufudumele.

imithi bromeliad

Kuba imveliso yawo kufuneka ukomelezwa kwisingxobo ekhethiweyo kuyekela ngamatye, ityatyekwe. Uyifake ngokuthe nkqo okanye obliquely. container igcwalisiwe sigcwele umhlaba okanye esetyenziselwa yona yeyokuhombisa amatye amancinci elimbala. Kuba "emthini" zezityalo ezifanelekileyo ezifana ne elinamandla ifanele-iplagi.

Izityalo ezikhethiweyo zisuswe neembiza, iingcambu lusongelwe sphagnum moss kunye amanzi amasebe primatyvayut yocingo Polymer ezikhuselweyo ngci. flower elinye okanye amabini zingafakwa kwisikhongozeli. Nerozi iintyatyambo kufuneka ezaliswe ngamanzi rhoqo, yaye zonke iintsuku ezisixhenxe iingcambu bujikelwe moss, iyeza ngamanzi ethambileyo.