Agranulocytosis - yintoni na le nto? Agranulocytosis abantwana kunye nabantu abadala: Iimpawu, izizathu kunye nonyango

iimviwo Laboratory igazi ukwenza phantse zonke izifo. Oku edibene isiqulatho lolwazi kulingwa. On utshintsho ngamanye Ipharamitha igazi kungabonwa kwi umyalezo izifo, ubukhali inkqubo yezifo. Ulwazi malunga ukwanda okanye ukuncipha iiseli ezithile plasma ethile ivumela ukunyhashwa ezithile okusolwayo. Umzekelo, wegazi, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwegazi. Enye laboratory imiqondiso ingqalelo agranulocytosis. Esi sifo, ezinokuthi zenzeke wedwa okanye zidityaniswe namanye utshintsho egazini. Olu phawu lubonisa ubukho yosulelo kakhulu.

Agranulocytosis - yintoni na le nto?

Izifo yegazi ababandakanyekayo Haematology yezenzululwazi. Lwentengiso, nto leyo ibonisa inkqubo kakhulu zophendlo lwezifo yi agranulocytosis. Esi sifo iphawulwa ukwehla ngokukhawuleza kwinqanaba iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe - leukocytes. Kuba iyimfuneko kolawulo lwezinto ezasulelayo ukungena emzimbeni ngexesha usulelo.

Eqhelekileyo emhlophe cell wegazi ulingana no 4-9 x 10 ⁹ / l. Ukwandisa inani ezi seli ibonisa uphuhliso ukujoliswa arhabaxa. Ukunqongophala iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunokwenzeka xa ukungaphumeleli amajoni omzimba, inhibition of hematopoiesis, ukunxila. Agranulocytosis - a syndrome kwilebhu esibonakala ukuhla komgangatho iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ku-1 x 10 ⁹ / l okanye ngaphantsi (neutrophil - 0.75 * 10 ^9). Ngenxa ukuswela ngokukhawuleza iiseli zomzimba kukho iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo esosulelayo umyalezo yebhaktiriya okanye egazini. Ukuchonga syndrome, uvavanyo lwegazi yinto kuyimfuneko.

Njalo ivela agranulocytosis

Le hematologic syndrome kwenzeka phakathi kwabantu ababhinqileyo kunye abangamadoda. agranulocytosis azalwa abhalwe ngamaxesha, xa kuthelekiswa nesi sifo ezifunyenweyo. Ngokufanayo, utshintsho ekwakhiweni zeselula igazi lula ngakumbi kubafazi eliqina (ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-40). Le rhoqo lo msebenzi lebhu eyahlukileyo kumazwe awahlukeneyo. Kwi-avareji, agranulocytosis labonwa abantu abali-1 ngaphandle ka 1200. A Ukuncitshiswa kakhulu inani leeseli zegazi ezimhlophe lula ngakumbi ukuba Caucasians.

Izizathu kuphuhliso agranulocytosis

Kutheni ukuphuhlisa agranulocytosis? Izizathu zale meko zophendlo lwezifo kuxhomekeke ezahlukeneyo esi sifo. agranulocytosis azalwa okubangelwa zizinto njengelifa. Esi sifo ibhekisa ezimbi zemfuza uzimisele. Ingozi yokuba umntwana ozelwe ngumama okanye utata ogulayo, iya kuthatha indawo sifo iphezulu kakhulu. Izizathu ezibangela agranulocytosis ezifunyenwe ziquka:

1. izifo komzimba. ezimbi Ezo systemic lupus zomzimba, scleroderma, isifo samathambo. Kwezi zifo, ukuziphendulela omzimba nje kuphela amasuntswana zangaphandle ejoliswe, kodwa kwakhona iiseli zomzimba ngokwakhe.
2. Ukwazi ionizing kwimitha. Le nto ikhokelela nengcinezelo ayikho omhlophe yintsholongwane hematopoietic kuphela, kodwa ebomvu.
3. Ukwamkela ezingasebenziyo ngenxa yeziyobisi. Ezi imithi zibhalwe izifo samathambo kunye nomhlaza. Engxakini unyango kunye cytostatics kukuba amachiza ukutshabalalisa iiseli eziqhelekileyo.
4. ukusetyenziswa Long-term-ntsholongwane (umz, tuberculosis), NSAIDs kunye arhente antiparasitic.
5. izifo ebuhlungu engapheliyo. Ukucutheka ebukhali kwenani neutrophils ibonakala hepatitis wentsholongwane egazini, imasisi, rubella, yingqakaqha, umkhuhlane, njalo-njalo. D.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba agranulocytosis ayikho sisifo elizimeleyo. Le syndrome akakwazi ukuphuhlisa ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile. Yena usoloko ezinxulumene ezithile iziphumo zophendlo lwezifo.

Indlela yophuhliso agranulocytosis

Neutrophils ziiseli igazi olukhuselayo. Bona eqalisiweyo umongo kunye yakhululwa kukuninzi ngokuqhubekayo. Ezi seli akhawunti kuba malunga nama-70% yabo leukocytes iyonke. Ngenxa yokungabikho yophuhliso igazi kwezi zinto liphuhlisa neutropenia. Agranulocytosis ingqalelo iintlobo elichubekileyo imeko. intswelo azalwa le neutrophil bebonke emhlophe cell count kwenzeka ngenxa yobukho sofuzo engaqhelekanga.

Ngenxa yeemeko exogenic, uphuhliso iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zancitshiswa okanye iyayeka ngokupheleleyo. Enye indlela onaso luthathwa imveliso antibodies neutrophils. Ngoko ke, akukho agranulocytosis. iimvavanyo kwegazi ngexesha elifanayo iza kutshintsha ngoko nangoko. Ngapha koko, ngexesha ubomi neutrophils kunokuba elifutshane. Ivela iintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwemi-3.

Ucalulo iimeko zophendlo lwezifo

Kuxhomekeka unobangela kunye nendlela pathogenetic cell ukuhlela eziliqela agranulocytosis. Ngokutsho oku, iziphene ekwanti kunye ukuswela neutrophils ezifunyenwe. Kwimeko yokuqala, syndrome hematological lwenzeka xa ezimbi genetic zilandelayo:

1. isifo Granulomatous.
2. neutropenia kwiintsapho.
3. Shvahmana-Dayemonda syndrome.
4. isifo Kostmann.
5. Syndrome Shediac-Shtaynbrinka-Higashi.
6. aleukia naso.

ukuswela Acquired iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi yahlulahlulwe samathambo, kwaye hapten agranulocytosis myelotoxic. Nganye kwezi fom lube indlela yayo yophuhliso. inkqubo avela yezifo uyazimela agranulocytosis etsolo kunye namazwe ezingapheliyo. Kwakhona kwi yokuhlela isekelwe phezu ubungqongqo onaso.

Inkcazelo agranulocytosis omzimba

agranulocytosis omzimba enxulumene iziphumo zophendlo lwezifo omzimba kwi iiseli ezibomvu. Oku kunokubangelwa zombini ndlela zemveli kunye zithe zadala. Kwimeko yokuqala, esi sifo kwenzeka ngenxa yokuhlaselwa sokuhlasela. Loo urhulumente kukhokelela systemic ukuphazamiseka kwizicwili. iiseli zamajoni omzimba abazitshintshi kumafa, kodwa bubonakala ngathi "reprogrammed." Ngenxa yoko, baqalise bachase kumzimba kaThixo emzimbeni wakhe. Granulocytes ngokukhawuleza abaqolileyo kunye self-batshatyalaliswe. yeemeko zangaphandle kulo mzekelo zibe semxholweni. omzimba agranulocytosis syndrome luyenzeka ezimbi ezinjengezo lupus zomzimba systemic kunye isifo samathambo. Ngelo xesha eshotayo elifanayo neutrophils ukudityaniswa yokunqongophala kwamanye egazi.

Olunye uhlobo lwe sifo, olwenzeka kwisiqalo kweenkqubo omzimba, a agranulocytosis hapten. Kule fomu yenkqubo zophendlo lwezifo kwakhona avelisa i omzimba neutrophils. Umahluko kukuba nto bagqibileyo ababodwa, kwaye emva imithi ethile - hapten. Ukudla okuphindwayo ezi zinto ebangela omzimba, ochazwa granulocytes kwintshabalalo. Le haptens inokufana abathile nemithi, iiarhente antiinflammatory kunye hypoglycemic, barbiturates.

Inkcazelo agranulocytosis myelotoxic

agranulocytosis Myelotoxic ikhula ngenxa iimpembelelo angaphandle. Wayesoloko kudityaniswe erythromycin kunye thrombocytopenia. Kwiimeko ezininzi, lobeko myelotoxic isifo lu dityanisiwe sesichengeni arhente chemotherapeutic kunye radiation ionizing. Ezi zinto ezikhokelela inhibition of hematopoiesis kwi amanqanaba asezantsi yophuhliso lwayo. Ukuba amachiza cytostatic ezibangela indlela efanayo libhekisa cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil, mercaptopurine, njl D. Inhibition zeeseli ukhokho hematopoietic ukhokelele ekuncitshisweni kwenani granulocytes kwi umongo wethambo. Oku kungenxa ekukhuleni negazi iintsholongwane.

Ukongeza kwiimpembelelo zithe zadala, ukungabikho iiseli hematopoietic senzeka kwezinye iintlobo igazi kunye wegazi. Ezi zizathu ngokufuthi wabangela agranulocytosis ebantwaneni. Amaxesha amaninzi, utshintsho hematologic abantu njengelifa. Imizekelo hemolytic ingqalelo ne-anaemia aplastic, Fanconi engqondweni. Acute kunye ezingapheliyo leukemia myelogenous ikhula ebuntwaneni kunye nabantu abadala.

Agranulocytosis: iimpawu

granulocytes akanelanga ephelekwa obubonakala kakhulu kwezonyango. Bangafika ezahlukeneyo, ngokuxhomekeke isifo engundoqo, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni isenzeko neutrophil intswelo. wenza njani agranulocytosis? Iimpawu izifo:

1. ubuthathaka Severe.
2. fever High.
3. Lymphadenopathy.
4. Hepatosplenomegaly.
5. amanxeba Necrotic ye inwebu yangaphakathi.
6. Sophele syndrome.

agranulocytosis Hapten, ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo, zibandakanya i ikhosi yayiyazi. Izigulane va ngokukhawuleza kakhulu akha nangecesina, kukho izilonda emlonyeni. iintsini umonakalo, tonsils, uvula, inkalakahla ethambileyo liphakama, ekhokelela kwezihlunu necrosis. Oko kukhatshwa ziintlungu, ekungakwazini igwinya, ukuvuza izinkcwe kakhulu.

Xa myelotoxic agranulocytosis lobeko bagcina ukopha. ukuba Bakha kungekuphela izilonda inwebu yangaphakathi, kodwa zegazi intswelo. ngeempumlo wawubona, gingival, zesibeleko, ukopha zesisu. Esikhumbeni kuvela hematoma. Ngenxa kwiinkqubo kwethumba-necrotic ethunjini waphawula urhudo, iintlungu esiswini. Ngenxa ngeminqweno igazi iphuhlisa ukopha inyumoniya.

Utshintsho kwi zePCR kwi agranulocytosis

Amaxesha amaninzi uphuhliso agranulocytosis kwenzeka xa izigulane ngumhlaza, systemic kunye kwezifo ezosulelayo. Esi sifo ukuba orhanelwa iimpawu ezifana umkhuhlane omkhulu, ekhathala kwaye imbonakalo izilonda emlonyeni. Kunzima kakhulu ukuxilonga agranulocytosis naso. Uvavanyo igazi kuyimfuneko ukuba liyenze pallor kakhulu ulusu umntwana, kubonakaliswa ukopha. Kuphando kukho ukuhla leukocytes (ngaphantsi kwe-1 × 10 ⁹ / l). kokuba unxulunyaniswa igazi kunye thrombocytopenia.

Ukuze sifumane impendulo, ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, uphuhlise syndrome hematological, enze immunogram zokuhlatywa nomongo ithambo. Ukufumanisa iingxaki ezibangelwa yi ukuswela granulocytes yaqhuba uphando instrumental. Phakathi kwabo - esifubeni X-reyi, colonoscopy. Kufuneka kwakhona amacebiso lweengcali - otolaryngologist, somdlavuza, wamazinyo, wamathambo kunye gastroenterologist.

Iindlela Pathology zonyango

Funa esibhedlela nomonde, xa wafumana agranulocytosis. Unyango iqulathe ekunyangeni imiphezulu ezilinyaziweyo kwaye necrotic arhente kubola, amalungiselelo, linamafutha aqholiweyo. Kwisigulana angabekwa ukuya usulelo zasesekondari, ibekwe kwi kwegumbi isolator. Ukuba ezonakeleyo isifo wamathumbu kuxhaswa yi indlela parenteral.

Amayeza kuba unyango lwe agranulocytosis

Ukuthintela uphuhliso yosulelo (inyumoniya, nokudumba), antibiotics kunye namayeza nokubola. Yegazi ilawulwa iimveliso zegazi, ubunzima ingakumbi leukocyte. Xa agranulocytosis omzimba eboniswe amayeza hormone. Ezi ziquka "Hydrocortisone" iziyobisi "Prednisolone". Ukuba sifo sibangelwa inhibition of hematopoiesis, arhente ububona iphethwe. Phakathi kwazo kwakukho isisombululo "Granocyte", "leucogen", "Virudan". Unyango oluqhutywa kwisebe Haematology.

Uthintelo agranulocytosis abantwana nabantu abadala

Uthintelo agranulocytosis naso kuquka efumanise kusekwangoko isifo. Ngenxa yoku, abantwana ukwenza ICBC ngonyaka. Ngokuthintela amanyathelo ziquka esweni izigulane abafumana iziyobisi cytotoxic, amayeza anti-seswekile. Ukuba isigulane owawuthe kwaphawulwa impendulo hematological nolawulo iziyobisi ezithile, la machiza ayikwazi linyulwe.

Kuqikelelo lwemozulu zokuphila agranulocytosis

I-ALS ixhomekeke unobangela onaso. Ifom ingozi a agranulocytosis hapten, ekubeni ephuhlisa ngokukhawuleza ijwabu necrosis. umonakalo Bulelani komzimba kunye myelotoxic enyangekayo ukuya nonyango endaweni. abantu abane Poor iqatshelwe kuphuhliso iingxaki kule ngezifo ngxabano. Phakathi kwabo - ukopha enkulu, perforation kodonga namathumbu, inyumoniya ukopha, nokudumba.