1, 2 no-3 iindidi iinjineli. izigaba bokunikeza Iinjineli

Iinjineli ngabo abasebenzi bazibandakanya izixhobo zobugcisa. Isiseko Umsebenzi wabo lujolise ngoko aphucule umgangatho okanye ukulungisa ezo izisombululo ezikhoyo okwangoku. Abase kulo mzekelo ababandakanyekayo mkhanya kuphela ngqo okanye hlengiso izixhobo zobugcisa.

Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lweenjineli, abasebenzi kufuneka ukufikelela ezahlukeneyo kubugcisa, units okanye izixhobo. Baye amalungelo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezibophelelo. Ngako oko, ngokukhula kudidi kuya kwandisa uluhlu umsebenzi owenziwa, kwakunye umvuzo.

Umphezulu engineering ukwahlulwa ngokweendidi

Xa kusenziwa ekhaya, kukho iindidi ezininzi iinjineli:

1. Unqongophalo isigaba. Abasebenzi nale ezikhethiweyo baya kuba nako ukwenza iintshukumo nje elula. Kwaye ke asikwazi ukuthatha nasiphi na isigqibo ngaphandle kokuba ndabaphaphelayo ngamagcisa abaqeqeshiweyo.
2. 3 isigaba. abasebenzi enjalo ukumelana noxanduva iinjineli, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla. Ukongeza, kuyenzeka ukuba kuqulunqwe imizobo umgca elula. Ngokuqhelekileyo, wonke umsebenzi baya kwenza kuphela phantsi kweliso elibukhali leengcali yeendidi ngaphezulu.
3. 2 isigaba. Abasebenzi ukumelana noxanduva ezidweliswe ngasentla, kwaye ngaphandle kweliso yeengcali. Ngaphezu koko, baye bafikelela ukuyila imizobo ezigexa ngamnye okanye iiyunithi ezincinane ezilula. Kwezinye iimeko, nabayili ngokuzimeleyo ukuqokelela iinkcukacha ezifana kwi imizobo wadala.
4. isigaba 1. Umqeshwa owenza onke amanyathelo ngasentla. Ukongeza, ukuba umphathi okanye injineli ephambili ukunika ezithile isikhokelo zokudalwa kwamacandelo amatsha, le iinjineli ziyakwazi aze andinyanzele ukuba nizenze.

Unga kwakhona uqaphele kwinjineli phambili. Yena sele ukuphuhlisa zonke izakhiwo ezinkulu ezisetyenziswa kwishishini. Plus, bayakwazi ukwandisa iinkqubo ezikhoyo kunye neeyunithi, ukuphuhlisa indlela oza kuba kukhuphiswano ngakumbi.

Iinjineli izigaba 3

Iinjineli 3 didi imvumi owenza imiyalelo kunye nemiyalelo zolawulo eziphezulu. indima yabo idla wadlala bakufanelekele ngakumbi. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo injineli owenza phantsi kweliso elibukhali lika ezinye izenzo angakwenza ngokwabo:

• Khetha izinto ezixhasa ukuba uya kusebenzisa lula ngakumbi.
• Ngokuzimeleyo ukuphucula izakhono zabo kwaye ukufunda izinto eziyimfuneko.
• Liphuhlisa amaxwebhu, ngena phambi kokuthumela ukuya entloko.

Ngoko ke, nangona enomda kubutyala, zonke iinjineli iindidi 3 iiyunithi abasebenzi ezizimeleyo 'ukulawula izenzo zabo kunye neengcali.

Iinjineli Udidi 2

Njineli iindidi 2 ekuqhubeni imisebenzi yayo kufuneka akhokelwe nemimiselo mbutho apho isebenza. Kananjalo nobuchule yakhe uphuhliso kwentelekelelo kunye namanye amaxwebhu.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, umsebenzi omkhulu iinjineli zodidi 2 ukufumana umsebenzi abaphathi bakhe, waza emva koko wabelane phakathi abangaphantsi. Kodwa ngaphaya koko, kuyimfuneko ukuba ilungelelanise amaxwebhu kunye nokusebenza kunye namanye amasebe. Ngokwendalo, injineli unakho baphambuke imiyalelo sisasazwa uchwepheshe abaqeqeshiweyo.

Iinjineli kwihlelo 1

Iinjineli kwihlelo 1 amalungelo noxanduva kude ngakumbi. Kunye nokukhula kwayo uxanduva kunye nokwanda umvuzo. Kunokuba abasebenzi ukuzithoba, ezikhethiweyo ethile eza kumiselwa umsebenzi wenjineli kunye nenkampani.

Iinjineli kwihlelo 1 uya kuba noxanduva xa:

• Non-ukusebenza okanye yokusebenza ngokungafanelekanga yezibophelelo yabo esemthethweni. Ukongeza, ukuba injineli owayamileyo wasilela ukuzalisekisa izibophelelo, uxanduva ziya kuthwalwa entloko.
• Emacala emsebenzini. Umzekelo, ukuba ngexesha lokusebenza ayiyithobeli ukhuseleko, injineli uya kuba noxanduva. Oku kusebenza nakwabo iimeko xa nokuhluthwa TB kwakungekho silwanyana.
• Ukubangela umonakalo izinto kwinkampani.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, inani enjalo izibophelelo uhlawula umvuzo ophezulu, kuba kungenjalo akukho bani ofuna ukuthatha mthwalo.

nokwabela zigaba

Nokwabela iindidi injineli unokwenziwa usekelwe lokuqinisekisa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ixesha ukuphunyezwa kwayo ziya kusekwa luluntu nabasemagunyeni, kodwa iinkampani ngamanye amaxesha ezinkulu okanye iinkampani baqeshe uthunywa ezizimeleyo bakholelwa ukuba abasebenzi enye okanye ngaphezulu nokuphucula izakhono zabo. Ezinye zezi iinjineli sinokuba nentembelo bomsebenzi okwandayo:

• 3 tshaja kuthatha yingcali udidi ukuba imfundo namava eminyaka emi-3 ubuncinane ephezulu kunye.
• 2 udidi inika iingcali kunye emfundo ephakamileyo kunye namava kwihlelo umsebenzi we-3 iminyaka emi-3.
• Kwicandelo 1 kuthatha ingcali na imfundo namava kwihlelo umsebenzi we-2 iminyaka emi-3 ephezulu kunye.

Ngoko ke, lo kwisabelo injineli wophendlo olwenziwa qho emva kweminyaka emithathu. Ngamanye amaxesha le ixesha lifinyele ukuya kwiminyaka-2, xa ingcali uye wasebenza kweemeko ezinzima okanye okwethutyana wakhonza umqeshwa kunye emfundo aphezulu. Kakade ke, phantsi komqathango wokuba alwa kunye nomsebenzi wakhe.

Job Umsebenzi iinjineli zoshishino

Nayiphi na inkqubo injineli (udidi kunye namava omsebenzi musa nokuba) lizimisele ukungenisa iiteknoloji ezintsha kwi inkqubo yemveliso kwinkampani eqhelekileyo esekwe kakuhle. Zonke izenzo zakhe ziya kuqwalaselwa ngakumbi imithetho emibini esisiseko eyile:

1. Ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso.
2. Ukuphucula imveliso xa kujongwa ukhuphiswano.

Ekubeni netheknoloji umsebenzi enxulumene ngqo umsebenzi kwinkampani, ulawulo kufuneka ahlale naye unolwazi of naluphi na utshintsho, ingakumbi ngokuphathelele umda wayo.

Wonke injineli imveliso Udidi 1, 2, 3, kwaye ngaphandle kwalo, kufuneka ube nolwazi oluthile. Ziquka umthetho, imigangatho karhulumente kwezixhobo kunye neemveliso, isoftware ulwazi, iteknoloji lwamashishini computer njalo njalo.

Imisebenzi iinjineli design

Abayili ukusebenza ngobugcisa, imizobo kunye nezixhobo. Le injineli kufuneka ngokupheleleyo siqonde amacebo kunye nezixhobo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, kuyimfuneko ukuba alungise ukuba ukuphucula okanye ukwenza imizobo ezinjalo, nto leyo eza kuvumela abanye abasebenzi ukuba bahlanganise isixhobo mihla ngakumbi abachubekileyo. Awukwazi kumisela ngokukodwa imisebenzi abayili, njengoko iya kuxhomekeka nkcukacha lweshishini, kwakunye ukususela iprofayile elimxinwa obungcali.

Kukho iindidi 3 lenjineli zezixhobo zoyilo. Ngamnye kubo, ngokulandelelana, ekuvumela ukuba usebenze kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Xa umhlanganisi usebenzisa ixesha ilandelayo yemisebenzi yayo;

• izixhobo Drawing.
• Ngokukodwa okanye software kuphuhliswa.
• Ngqo computer.
• izixhobo esizisebenzelayo.

Maxa wambi iinjineli ezinjalo ukuze kuvumeleke ukusetyenziswa kwezinye izixhobo. Kodwa isixhobo eziyintloko umsebenzi ngamava akhe kunye nobuchwepheshe.

Imisebenzi iinjineli design

Zonke iindidi iinjineli yoyilo benza kuphuhliso iiprojekthi yonke okanye inxalenye yayo, konke oko kuxhomekeke ikhono. Iziqalelo ilandelayo ingasetyenziswa ngexesha lokusebenza:

• Technology.
• amava Personal.
• izixhobo esizisebenzelayo.
• izixhobo ezahlukeneyo mihla basekhaya angaphandle.

Enoba kudidi iinjineli loyilo, abasebenzi abachaphazelekayo kufuneka abe nolwazi nangakumbi. Ziquka nayiphi iteknoloji yoyilo, ngokunjalo ukubala zobugcisa kunye neendlela ukuphunyezwa kwazo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe imigangatho kunye nemigangatho likarhulumente, ngokuhambelana kunye nokhuseleko. Naluphi na ulwazi esindayo zamkelekile, kodwa akayi kuhlawulwa ziziphathamandla.

iinjineli amalungelo

Zonke iindidi iinjineli, nokuba yamava abo nenichubeke, banamalungelo athile. Zezi zilandelayo:

• Zinikezele ngolawulo ezahlukeneyo ngeendlela ukunceda iimeko zokusebenza ukuphucula kwaye ehlelekile ngakumbi.
• Sebenzisa iincwadi yenzululwazi kunye nezinto ukunceda ukumelana noxanduva. Oko kukuthi, nawuphi na Injineli akukho mfuneko ngentloko yonke ingcaciso ukususela kumaxesha ngamaxesha Uyakwazi ukusebenzisa iincwadi okanye kwiimagazini.
• Kuvavanywa ngokungqinelana kwishishini elisekwe okanye umyalelo karhulumente. Kule nkqubo, ukuba unako ukufumana udidi entsha, kwakunye ukuhlala kumgangatho ofanayo wemfundo.
• Phucula iziqinisekiso zabo zonke iziphumo ezilandelayo. Oko kukuthi, emva kokufumana udidi olutsha umsebenzi unelungelo lomvuzo enkulu, iimeko zokusebenza ezingcono, ungeniso entsha iincwadi yabasebenzi, njalo-njalo.

Ngaphandle kungasentla, iinjineli bayakwazi ukuba onke amalungelo ezibekwe Labour Code of eli lizwe, yamsusa apho imisebenzi umsebenzi.

umthwalo lweenjineli

Zonke iindidi neenjineli ziye imbopheleleko ethile. Oko ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. ukusebenza kwangethuba imisebenzi.
2. Umbutho lomsebenzi lobuqu, ukubulawa imiyalelo kunye nemiyalelo ngexesha elimisiweyo.
3. Ukuthobela imithetho yokhuseleko emlilweni kunye nemimiselo ebekwe yinkampani.
4. ULawulo lweeRekhodi, nto leyo eya zicaciswe kwimisebenzi iinkcukacha zobunjineli.
5. Ukuba ilawulwe iqeshe abasebenzi, ngoko ukuze bokusilela ukufezekisa imisebenzi yabo uxanduva iya kukhokelela ngqo entloko.
6. Ukuba ukhuseleko ligxojiwe ngexesha imisebenzi yomsebenzi, injineli linyanzelekile ukuba lithathe amanyathelo, kwaye ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuba zazise esi sikhokelo.

Ukuba uqeqesho lwabasebenzi kantu, ngoko wenjineli uya kuba noxanduva efakwe kuwiso-mthetho. Kuya kuxhomekeka ubungqongqo bolwaphulo mthetho. Umzekelo, umsebenzi uya kunyanzeleka ukuba uhlawule, umsebenzi omhle yabasebenzi, ukumbamba okanye impahla nokuswela.

isiphelo

Siyazi zeziphi iindidi lenjineli zezixhobo ezikhoyo namhlanje. Nakuba kunjalo, ukwenzela ukuba abe yobungcali eyinyaniso intsimi yabo, kuba nokuma obulungileyo kunye nabasemagunyeni, kwakunye abafumana izityhwentywe zemali, kufuneka basebenze nzima baze bafunde. Kungenjalo, akukho amava okanye amalinge ukuze ufumane udidi olutsha akuyi kunceda ukuphucula yesifundo abayifundisayo. Ukongeza, kucetyiswa ukuba ulandele ukukhululwa nemimiselo emitsha, ubuchwepheshe kunye ezincwadini zesayensi. Iinjineli ziphakathi abasebenzi bambalwa na abo zinyanzelekile ukuba zilandele ezifunyaniswe mihla, kuba kungenjalo baya kuphulukana buthelezi zabo kukhuphiswano.