Zaha Hadid: Architecture. Biography kunye nobomi yakho Zaha Hadid

Kweli hlabathi siphila kulo akukho nabayili ezininzi, kodwa ezinye zazo oqaqambe ngokwenene. Enye ingcali kakuhle kweli candelo bakholelwa Zakho Hadid. Biography of lo mfazi zizele sigaba zezilwanyana onokucinga ngazo ebomini. kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu-isikali, iimpawu iingangamsha, ukukwazi ukuzimisa kunye nomsebenzi wakho - yinto olwahlula Zakho Hadid.

Ngubani na Zaha Hadid?

Biography womzobi enkulu kakhulu edibene Baghdad. Apha, ngowe-1950, yena wazalwa kwintsapho osisityebi, ukubayinxalenye iklasi loohlohlesakhe. Igama kayise yaba Muhammad Al Haj Hussein, kunye nomama wakhe - Vadzhiha al Sabundzhi. Zach wafumana imfundo yakhe yokuqala American University, ibekwe Beirut, eklasini izibalo. Emva kweminyaka emihlanu wathabatha uqeqesho kwi-London Association of Architects. Emva kokufumana le mfundo, waqalisa ukusebenza ngo-ofisi bokwakha, eyeye notitshala wakhe kunye nomcebisi, Rema Kolhasa. Ukwamkela iimpawu zibhetele nezakhono wezakhiwo omhle Dutch Zaha wagqiba ukumisela ngokuqinileyo yakhe Zaha Hadid Architects.

Xa ndikwishumi elivisayo, waba wayedume ukuceba olukhulu. Kakade ngelo xesha ngokomakhi encinane Zaha Hadid eyenziweyo imisebenzi eyahlukahlukeneyo-oda okanye ngokuzithandela. Phakathi iziphakamiso zayo iiprojekthi ezifana kwebhulorho omiweyo phezu iThames, okanye iphepha zocaphulo e Leicester. Le sesakhiwo Zaha Hadid ukuba bekusoloko ngokuphuma ethile. Umzekelo woku yiprojekthi eklabhu, nto leyo indawo ndawo wayefanele ukuba ibe intaba kakhulu. Emva koko Iiprojekthi Zaha Hadid wafumana amabhaso ezahlukeneyo bokwakha, kodwa akazange afumane iindlela zokuphumeza. Esona sizathu sibalulekileyo kukuba nokungafuni ukuba abathengi kumsebenzi non-esezantsi, a, iprojekthi entsha ezintsha. Kodwa zonke iiprojekthi Zaha Hadid baba yokuqala.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, Zaha kuseyinto womzobi lokwenyaniso. Emva kokuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo kuyo Yaqala ukufika iiprojekthi umdla. "Vitra" yaba isakhiwo lokuqala ngu Zaha Hadid kwinkampani nefanitshala le. Oko liqulunqe isebe umlilo ngokohlobo bomber. Okulandelayo waqala ukunika iiprojekthi ngakumbi nangakumbi, kwaye ngenxa yoko wesakhiwo ukusuka wezakhiwo ngoku kukho ezininzi kwizixeko.

ubomi Personal Zaha Hadid, nangona yonke impumelelo yayo kunye ukubonakala nomtsalane, awaba nako kukulayinisha up. It is baqaphela ngokupheleleyo njengoko wezakhiwo, kodwa aziyi kufumaneka njengomfazi.

Ukufa okungalindelekanga of a

Matshi 31, 2016 Ubomi ushiye womzobi Zaha Hadid modernity omkhulu. Unobangela yokufa mfazi emangalisayo aneziphiwo kubalulekile kakhulu kwaye rhoqo. Zach oneminyaka eli-65 ubudala wabulala ndamelwa yintliziyo. Kwenzeka ukuba naye Miami. Apha kufika nje ukunyanga yomoya yakho. Ngoko ke, ngephanyazo akuzange kube brilliant, original kunye nomntu esebenzayo kakhulu. Ngelishwa, akubanga kubantwana Zaha Hadid, ngoko emva kokufa kwakhe, ukuzikhunjuzwa umfazi kuphela umsebenzi kunye noshishino.

indlela creative

umsebenzi Zaha Hadid unomdla uluntu kunye nabathengi, emva kokuba ihlabathi leva khona indalo ebalaseleyo Frenka Umva - i Guggenheim Museum, leyo yakhiwe e Bilbao. Eyadala imfuno yezakhiwo Zaha Hadid ifumene emva kokuba sele inxaxheba ekwakheni i-Centre for Contemporary Art Rosenthal. nokuma kwawo bokwakha lisoloko iyaphikisana izimiso eyamkelekileyo. Kuzo zonke umsebenzi Zaha Hadid wazama ukuya ngaphaya isithuba kwaye ukunika amandla entsha. Ngenxa yoko, iiprojekthi bayo bangonakala kulandelwa imbono egqwethekileyo, ibhexesha ukuphawulwa engile ezibukhali curvatures.

Woman umyili Zaha Hadid wasebenza emihle kunye neefom ezinkulu. Kodwa ukongezelela kwetalente ngokomakhi wayo, apho bahlala khona unekhono ukudala nofakelo, iiseti yeqonga, ngaphakathi, imizobo kunye nezihlangu. Baleka umsebenzi encinane Zaha mfanelo iintlobo ezintsha. Le sesakhiwo Zaha Hadid hombisa dolophu emininzi kunye nemisebenzi yayo encinane zigcinwa kwiimyuziyam ezifana MoMA, i-German Museum of Architecture nabanye. Ukongezelela ekudaleni iifomu kunye nezinto ezintsha Zaha nangoku ngovuyo babelane ngolwazi lwabo. Yena njalo unika iiklasi inkosi kwaye emandiyenze kumazwe ezahlukeneyo ehlabathini jikelele.

Phakathi imisebenzi Zaha Hadid - uthotho lwezinto eziqokelelwayo ifanitshala. Enye wezasekhaya kakhulu ekhumbulekayo, wadalwa yi Zaha kukukhanya "Chandler omtsha" kunye nesitulo "Crystal". iiprojekthi creative unique kwakhokelela Zakho kwi mboniso lokuqala uyilo e Miami, apho wawongwa isihloko "uMyili woNyaka."

Zahi eba eRussia

Russia Zaha watyelela ngaphezu kanye. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukuhlangabezana sesakhiwo Zaha Hadid iye kakhulu lula. Ngowe-2004 naye wamenywa ukuba Hermitage Theatre, apho mbasa yadluliselwa Pitskerovskuyu. Kulo nyaka, Zaha Hadid wafunda isifundo umdla kwi-Central House of lomhleli. Emva konyaka, wabuyela eRashiya kunye master eklasini, eyayibanjelwe mboniso Arch eMoscow. Lo nyaka bazisa iprojekthi Zaha eMoscow. Inkampani "Capital Group" wenza wezakhiwo engaqhelekanga eyenzelwe ezintsonkothileyo yokuhlala "nolucacileyo Tower." Ngoko kwakukho isakhiwo lokuqala ngu Zaha Hadid eMoscow. Idilesi yalo sakhiwo: Ul. Nolucacileyo. Kwiminyaka esixhenxe kamva, ngowe-2012, Zaha Hadid wathabatha ulwakhiwo ipomakazi lendlu lwekamva Vladislav Doronin on Rublevo-Uspensky kuhola wendlela.

Ngowe-2015 e Moscow, wakha iziko ishishini elitsha "Relight Plaza", nto leyo wenza njengoko wezakhiwo Zaha Hadid. Moscow, Sharikopodshipnikovskaya Street 5 - idilesi kwesakhiwo esitsha womzobi enkulu eRashiya. Isakhiwo senziwe indlela avant-garde, kwaye xa efika kuqala kubonakala ukuba lo uhlobo into yokuba sele ndihle emazulwini emhlabeni.

zokwakha Legendary Zaha Hadid

isakhiwo nganye, eyenzelwe yi Hadid Zaki, uba lamandulo. Ungathatha ke nawuphi na umsebenzi, kwaye alukwazi ngokuba ngamnye kubo okuhle. Phakathi iiprojekthi emangalisayo ngu Zaha Hadid:

1. Tower e Beijing - into ebetha hayi kuphela ubungakanani bayo, kodwa ezintsha. Abenzi bemeko ekwakheni isicelo ubugcisa ezinjalo, leyo yangasese kuya kunciphisa umyinge yokusebenzisa amandla ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa ukungcola.
2. Rosenthal Centre for Contemporary Art eMelika - le projekthi iye Zaha Hadid Pritzker Prize.
3. Sokufezekisa ku Innsbruck.
4. INtloko isakhiwo BMW e Leipzig - isiphumo zokwazisela imisebenzi ofisi yemveli.
5. National Art Museum of kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini ananye eRoma.
6. iziko ezemidlalo amanzi eLondon - isakhiwo ayidalwanga ngenxa Imidlalo Olimpiki ngo-2012.
7. Cent Geydera Aliyev e Baku - sakhiwe imbeko umongameli yesithathu Azerbaijan.
8. zemizi lwekamva kwi engange eMoscow - endlwini yelizwe Vladislav Doronin, abangaboni sifunda isiphekepheke.
9. I-Central Bank of Iraq - kubaluleke kakhulu ukwakhiwa Zaha ekubeni yayiyimini kwakhiwa kwilizwe lakhe. Ngelishwa, ngexesha womzobi eyakhelwe unikezelo elikhulu akasekho.
10. Polytechnic University of Hong Kong - xa ujonga kuyo nangoko sikhunjuzwa edume "Titanic."

Ezi nje umsebenzi ezinye omhle yi Zaha Hadid. Akukho idolo kangako yaye wamazwi iiprojekthi zayo kukwakha yimyuziyam kwezithuthi e Glasgow, imyuziyam lwemigodi eItali, Shopping Centre kunye nokuzonwabisa e Beijing, kunye nabanye. Eziliqela umsebenzi superepatazhnyh Zaha Hadit ichazwe ngokwenkcukacha.

Galaxy ABU (eBeijing)

Isakhiwo grand ibekwe kwi isiqwenga 47.000 square metres. Ulwakhiwo lwezakhiwo into lwathatha iinyanga ezingama-30 kwisithuba ukususela ngo-2009 ukuya 2012. Esi sakhiwo isakhiwo kuqala ukuze kwakhiwe e China ukuba lo msebenzi Zaha Hadid. Iingcali nabagwebi bakholelwa ukuba ABU - yeyona indalo ilungileyo Hadid lonke Asia. Ngokutsho ingqiqo arhente bokwakha Zaha Hadid, esi sakhiwo kwenziwa ngaphandle iikona ezibukhali. Njengoko igama, ekuqaleni kwakhe wambiza "ayinazo iikona." Patrik Schumacher, Zaha iqabane, wagqiba ukuba igama crude kakhulu ukuba ingqiqo kunye nenye iphayiphu ecetywayo ukuba uyinike igama kwakhona "nakubugcisa sinye."

Le ndawo imbaxa 330 amawaka square metres. It iqulathe wezinto ezikumila ezintlanu. Ngamnye kubo ngokumila ajikelezayo kwaye ufikelela umphakamo yeemitha 67. Phakathi ngamnye amalunga ezidityanisiweyo imigangatho kwinqanaba ezahlukeneyo kunye namaqonga abagubungela imigudu. Ngenxa ngokusondeza of isilingi abangaboni ezintsonkothileyo kwaba ngathi kwisifundo limaxhaphetshu. Esi sakhiwo kade isakhelo ufakelo lwesamente. Ukuphakama nophahla ofisi ukuya eziimitha ezintathu ezinesiqingatha. Izanda urhwebo Uphahla enyukile ukuya ukuphakama kuyimitha enekota. Zonke ngendlela entsonkothileyo-18 imigangatho, ezintathu kuzo komhlaba. Ehlabathini isakhiwo kukho yokupaka iimoto 1.250.

Geydara Alieva Iziko leeNkcubeko

Esi sakhiwo ngobambana yandile yayo. Le ndawo iyonke kwingingqi ohlala ngaphezu 111.000 square metres. Phakathi iindonga iziko enkcubeko kwigumbi ezibalulekileyo ezifana imyuziyam, iholo nkomfa, ithala leencwadi. Kukho kwakhona indawo ekhethekileyo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo iziganeko. Egqubayo isabelo wesakhiwo abe transparent ngokupheleleyo iindonga zeglasi. Ngendlela onjalo wenza iindonga nje kuphela, kodwa lwangaphakathi. Oku kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokusetyenziswa ubuninzi ukukhanya bendalo. Njengazo phantse zonke iiprojekthi yi Zaha Hadid Architects Geydara Alieva Iziko leeNkcubeko iquka imigca ajikelezayo. Kule sakhiwo ihlangana ukuzinikela lihlangana ukuya isibhakabhaka kunye indlela yayo kancinane umhlaba. Le ingqiqo projekthi leyo akabanyulanga ngengozi. Ngokutsho ababhali, okokuqala kujoliswe ukuthatha engenasiphelo kunye nexesha. Umbala wesakhiwo emhlophe oko luphawu nekamva eliqaqambileyo.

CMA CGM Tower (Marseille, France)

Forces womzobi odumileyo ukwakhiwa imvelaphi Arab egcwele iphepha encomekayo sagqitywa ngo-2011. Xa iyonke yena imigangatho ezipheleleyo 37. Ubude lilonke wesakhiwo kweemitha 147. indawo yalo kwisithili ishishini kufutshane umbindi Marseille. Apha, le egcwele iphepha na isakhiwo mde. Injongo yokwakha - i-ofisi yentloko enkampanini yendawo CMA CGM. Ikomkhulu kwindawo entle kakhulu ngokunxulumene ezingaselunxwemeni, kulo kwisakhiwo, kukho ezilikhulu leemitha kuphela. Ilungelo ukwenza le projekthi zolwakhiwo arhente bokwakha Zaha Hadid ezifunyenwe yoloyiso kukhuphiswano ekhethekileyo eziququzelelwe ngo-2004. Qala zokwakha laphehlelelwa nyaka. Kwiminyaka esixhenxe kamva, ukuba sele ubeke ukusebenza. Xa nokuphola layo cwaka ukwakha inokuthatha abantu 2,700. Ngokutsho projekthi kwi egcwele iphepha yokupaka le yayakhiwe iimoto 700 kunye ngezithuthuthu 200. Iindwendwe Ungandwendwela apha yokutyela, apho ihlala abantu 800, okanye ejimini. Kummandla wawo isakhiwo malunga 94.000 square metres. Ngokwemiqathango ngokubaluleka egcwele iphepha na encotsheni ezinde-10 ka-2011.

Enye Thousand Museum Tower (Miami, USA)

Intengiso egcwele ukuphakama imigangatho amathandathu yakhiwa phantsi msebenzi Zaha Hadid intliziyo Miami, Biscayne Boulevard. Indlu ibandakanya 83 izindlu zodidi. Ummandla indlu nganye yahlukile, kwakunye iindleko zabo. Ixabiso Ubuncinane igumbi yi $ 5 million. Bobude sifikelelwe elinesihlanu million. Ngokutsho Zaha Hadid, esi sakhiwo wawuza kuchaphazela nesibhakabhaka esi sixeko. Umakhi projekthi iye ecetywayo emazantsi wesakhiwo ukwenza eqongeni nenqaba iya kwakhelwa khona. Xa ifomu, nenqaba iya kwahluka kuyilo ezikufuphi nonxweme engaqhelekanga. Wayebonakala zithi shinyi, ngaphandle yesakhelo eziphathekayo. Ngoko ke inxenye engaphandle besakhiwo iba, amasebe entwined umthi-like. Balcony kunye loggias zokuhlala Ndiyakuthanda sangcwatywa-moya oqhelekileyo olungaphambili. Injongo eqongeni kukudala iindawo zikawonke-multi-njongo. Kukho iivenkile, indawo bhanyabhanya, iziko qethe. Zingqonge block panels zokwakha metal elisezantsi kunye perforations. Babanike indlela lwekamva catwalk.

Museum of xxi Century (eRoma)

National Museum of Art on icebo Zaha Hadid uye olwenzeka enkulu zeenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo. kwenziwe isiseko sale ukwakhiwa ukuthatha oluxandileyo, wagcinwa enqabeni Montello. Kuba eRoma oko fanekisela kakhulu ukuba kwisibonelelo inkcubeko entsha yakhiwa phezu isakhiwo endala. Isithuba lwangaphakathi imyuziyam kwenkulungwane yama-21 ngu-21 amawaka square metres. Ngokweliso, lifana ifriji ngonaphakade aqukuqela udaka mlilo. Le isiphumo owadalwa ezidlulayo ezinye izakhiwo-ntathu ezenziwe eziphathekayo. A indima enkulu kwi amaziko enkcubeko kudlala eglasini. Phantse kumgangatho lonke wokuqala kunye nophahla zenziwe ngeglasi ngaphaya. Ngaloo ndlela onke amaxabiso yenkcubeko yakutsha echazwe phantsi kwelanga agcinwe kule myuziyam. Ngaphakathi isakhiwo intendelezo, ndawonye ukusuka kwimiqolo emibini. Idibanisa zonke amagumbi phakathi imyuziyam. Ukuguquka kunye imingxunyana adynamic ngaphakathi kwisakhiwo ngathi iribhoni emnyama, qhina iindonga ezimhlophe eziphathekayo weso sakhiwo. Umhombiso yokuyilwa ngobugcisa kwayo imyuziyam ngo-2010 lawongwa ngebhaso Stirling kwi-United Kingdom. Ngoko ke, sinikwe omnye-Zaha Hadid yenze kwacaca enqabeni yomkhosi kwindawo ilifa ngokumangalisayo enkulu kweli lizwe.

Capital Hill Residence (eMoscow)

Vladislav Doronin sinayo ekudaleni intuthuzelo yenu. Kwakhona siyasebenza impahla yakhe. Ngoko ke, ngo-2015, Zaha Hadid wayila kuyilo lwekamva zendlu yakhe, wawusakhiwa oligarch kwi Rublevo-Uspensky kuhola wendlela. Ummandla lilonke, isakhiwo ezithandwayo kunye sverhneobychnogo yi amabini kwaye iwaka enesiqingatha square metres. Isiseko ingqikelelo Zaha Hadid yaba Ecostyle. Xa eyila Doronin ekhaya wazama ukuxuba kakuhle ubugcisa bale mihla kunye iimpawu zendalo. Enoba uzibona kule ndlu nje imvakalelo yokuba weza evela kwenye iplanethi, inqanawa isithuba kwaye kuhlala Barvikha. Amagumbi ngaphakathi kwisakhiwo yahlulwe kumanqanaba amane. Basezantsi kukho igumbi lokuhlala, indawo yokwenza umthambo, yokugquma, igumbi umphunga, Hammam kunye negumbi umyalezo. Emva koko ukwamkelwa ngenxa yeendwendwe, ikhitshi kunye igumbi lokutyela kunye nedama lokuqubha. Umgangatho ngenhla ithala, indawo nursery, igumbi ephilayo iholo enkulu. Umgangatho yokugqibela kuquka igumbi wemikhosi ebekade masimu.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba uyilo kumakhaya zingafakwanga kwi ezikhethiweyo ezisisiseko Zaha Hadid. Ngokutsho kweengcali, lo msebenzi yena ufumene imali amaqanda amathandathu. Ngenxa yoko, umanyano ishishini Zaha Hadid kunye Vladislav Doronin lubonise ihlabathi a obutofotofo kwindlu yabucala uyilo kunye nehlabathi-class. Inye kuphela into akukacaci kubantu abaninzi, oku ukuba ngubani oza kuhlala khona. Kukholelwa ukuba le ndlu, efana nabanye abaninzi, a Billionaire eMoscow nosondeza njengesipho wakhe oyintanda uNahomi Campbell.