Yintoni charisma kunye passionarnost: iimfano neeyantlukwano phakathi iingqiqo

Le mbono "charisma" yaye "passionarnost" ngokuqhelekileyo ziimpawu abantu nabaphila yokuphila asebenzayo, wande amandla namagunya ezizodwa ukuba beyiseke kunye ukukhokela nabanye abantu. Ngethiyori, passionaries ezizwe LNGumileva kuthiwa ubuchule ukuze ube njengegorha, ukuba benze izenzo ndlongondlongo kunye ndlongondlongo. Iinkokeli akuyo e kwabantu, Max Weber nabo baba empi, iinkokheli abazingeli, amaxhwele kunye nabavumisi. Ngokoluvo abantu abaqhelekileyo, ubuntu passionary akuyo unamagunya ezikhethekileyo nelingumlingo angaphezu.

Ukuphendula lo mbuzo, yintoni na charisma Max Weber kuhle, njengoko umgangatho umntu, nto leyo enika umntu igunya namandla. Ngoku Ingcamango charisma isasazeke nje kuphela abantu ngamandla, kodwa ukuba izazinzulu, oosomashishini, ababhali, njalo njalo

Yokufana ingqiqo drive kunye charisma

1) "dubulo Passionary" ngokwenkcazo LNGumileva kusoloko iqela ngokunzulu ezisengozini yobuhlanga kunye negalelo ukuvela umntu omtsha - into esebenzayo kuqala, akwazi ukubanga ubuzwe babo. A efanayo ikhona kwi theory isosioloji yaye ubizwa ngokuba 'umsi akuyo ", esizibonakalisa ngokucacileyo ngokwayo kwiinkokeli olululo kunye layo zabo.

2) S.Ayzenshtadt echaza into charisma, isebenzisa ingqikelelo "inzondelelo akuyo," ekufuphi kakhulu kwexabiso kuqhubo, njengoko imfuneko yokwenza amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuze ukuguqula uluntu. Yinkokheli nayiphi na, kukho agqithisile amandla kunye namandla, nto leyo ke ezijolise zombini eyakhayo etshabalalisayo ngabom.

3) I-phithi kunye inzondelelo - iimpawu lubalaseleyo ezibonakalisa oko charisma yaye yintoni passionarnost umntu. Anenzondelelo ngenxa yale njongo amadini yena, nosapho lwakhe, abanye abantu, musa ukuthandabuza, uze ungachithi.

4) Ke kaloku iinkokheli passionary akuyo uyakwazi ukweyisela le nginginya yabantu ukuba ukukhokela, ebeka mpendulo yayo inkanuko, iimvakalelo ezinamandla, ezinako ukosulela abanye abantu. Xa imfundiso drive le mbono ubizwa ngokuba "ifildi ecenga", ngaphakathi apho izenzo induction ecenga (ulosuleleko), kwaye ingcamango lwentlalo - ". Ilizwi charisma" inkokeli ngezwi isebe waqonda ngabanye njengoko emnandi, uyathandeka, ezicengayo.

Umahluko phakathi kweengqiqo drive kunye charisma

1) Ingcamango "passionarnost" lisetyenziswa ukuchaza iziganeko zembali neendawo jikelele, lo gama umba "charisma" esisetyenziselwa ukuchaza iziganeko ngoku kwezopolitiko, kwindawo obafunyanwa zenzululwazi.

2) Uphuhliso charisma njengecandelo sobuqu iyavuseleleka evela kwiinkokeli zopolitiko iziganeko eqaqambileyo ekuhlaleni. Ngokunciphisa amandla zokufudumeza kunye neziganeko ukulungisa iziganeko zezopolitiko kunye nokuzinziswa ubomi bezoqoqosho kwaye ezopolitiko kweli lizwe lifinyele amandla charisma yabasemagunyeni. Passionarnost njenge umgangatho wendalo umntu kwaye ungalahleka kuphela kokufa passionaries leyo, befuna injongo enye, iqalisa omtsha.

3) oosonzululwazi ezopolitiko kunye iintatheli kwezopolitiko, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, ukuba lo charisma, ukusetyenziswa enobuchule lo mbono ngokuhambelana injongo wanika Weber - umgangatho amandla inkokeli ngamnye. Nangona ingqikelelo drive ngokwemveli asetyenziswe ezizwe lezifundo yenkcubeko, mbali, zejografi.

4) Passionarnost - ingqiqo ebanzi ngaphezu charisma, ngoko passionaries unokuba amandla, ilizwi, amandla nokubongoza yeenkokeli akuyo abo azisoloko passionaries. charisma yabo ibe njengokubonisa okwexeshana, uphawu lo xesha.

Uphando lwakutshanje ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni na charisma nendlela ukuphuhlisa ngayo, kwenziwa kwinkalo kwingcingane kunye nenzululwazi kwezopolitiko, imfundo kunye nokuthengisa. Yibani akuyo kakhulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ukudala imeko ethile eluntwini, lo gama i-kokufika passionaries uluntu akakwazi ukulawula, kwaye kuphela ikhono lokuqondisa amandla abo kwimisebenzi enentsingiselo ekuhlaleni.