Yamehlo Macular retina: Iimpawu and Treatment

isabelo kwangaphakathi distal wambu ijwabu okhethekileyo. ibizwa ngokuba kwiretina. Le Ilaphu uthumela kwaye ufumana iziboniso ezibonwayo. Inxalenye retina lo macula. Lunoxanduva ukwenzela uzinzo umbono engundoqo. Xa la okanye ezinye ezimbi lwamehlo anokuphazamiseka umbono de ilahleko wayo ngcembe. Esinye isifo onjalo ukonakala yamehlo amabala atyheli. Okulandelayo, cinga yintoni eyenza le ngezifo, oko kubonakala njani ngokwayo yaye oko kuyingozi.

Overview

-Ezinxulumene iminyaka yamehlo macular - ntoni na? Lilonke, lo ngezifo luphawulwa ukuvuthuluka kwimo iiseli le ndawo. Related yamehlo macular (amehlo omabini okanye omnye) ngokuqhelekileyo kubonakala kubantu abadala. Kakhulu emoyeni ezinqabileyo banesifo kuzo abantu abatsha. Ngokunxulumene nale meko kudla ngokubizwa ngokuba enxulumene yobudala yamehlo macular. Cinga sifo iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu.

ngezigaba

yamehlo Macular unokuba iintlobo ezimbini:

• Neovascular (manzi). Kulo mzekelo, esenza yaba imithambo yegazi yabanabileyo retina. Lidla zibonelela evuzayo fluid kunye negazi. Ezi nkqubo kungakhokelela umonakalo ongenakulungiseka kwindawo macular. ifomu Neovascular unesifo kwi% 10 kuphela izigulana sesi sifo. Noko ke, isabelo olu hlobo ngezifo akhawunti ukuba elona nani likhulu lamatyala yokulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo umbono.
• Atrophic (eyomileyo). Kulo mzekelo, njengoko isizathu iingcali alatha ukufa ngcembe off eziseleni kokuba uvakalelo nokukhanya. Oku Uxhokonxwa kwakhona ilahleko umbono. uhlobo Atrophic-akhawunti yamehlo macular kuninzi amatyala lilonke (malunga 90%).

izizathu

Kutheni ndifumana yamehlo macular? Iingcali nangoku wamiswa oonobangela ngqo kwesi sifo. Kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye zazo zixhaswa luphando kunye imigqaliselo, ezinye kuhlala kwinqanaba theory. Ngokomzekelo, ezinye iingcali athi ukuswela iivithamini ezithile kunye nemixube kwezimbiwa umntu uba zizisulu ngakumbi ekuphuhliseni esi sifo. Umzekelo, inani lezifundo bafumanisa ukuba amathuba apho ukuba macular ukuphela, kwandisa izihlandlo eziliqela kungekho iivithamini E no-C, Antioxidants. Ezibaluleke kakhulu kukungabikho zinc (nguye emzimbeni ukho, kodwa buzinze kwindawo iso), kwakunye carotenoids zeaxanthin kunye lutein. Le yokugqibela ngqo zombala le macula. Njengokuba elinye ukunisa Imiba ziingcali kubiza cytomegalovirus yabantu. Abanye abaphandi bathi ukuba uphuhliso sifo ilulungele kakhulu ukutya apho umgangatho amafutha ifumile liphezulu kakhulu. Ngaloo ingqalelo zithako ezinokuba ezikhuselayo monounsaturated. Ngokuhambelana eminye imigqaliselo safumanisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa amathuba leengxaki ukuthatha asidi ω-3 okunamafutha. Ngokutsho iziphumo kwizifundo ngaphezu kweshumi wabonisa umbutho kwezobalo ebalulekileyo phakathi ukutshaya kunye yamehlo macular. Kulo mzekelo, amathuba sifo linyuke nge 2-3 kwi kakubi kwenicotine (xa kuthelekiswa ne-non-abatshayayo soze). Noko ke, ekuhambeni izifundo ezihlanu wafumana akukho xhulumaniso.

ubungozi

Amathuba sifo linyuke phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Imiba yomngcipheko ziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• ubudala;
• phambi izalamane abanengxaki okanye ukuba esi sifo;
• besive abamhlophe;
• ukutshaya;
• ukuba nemazi;
• ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo sentliziyo (kubo, umzekelo, iquka ukwanda uyondelelwano lwee- cholesterol, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi).

Yamehlo Macular: Iimpawu

ngezifo ibonakalisa zonke izigulane ezahlukileyo. Ngokomzekelo, kwezinye izigulane yamehlo macular bakwazi ukuphuhlisa kunokuba ngokucothayo. Ngamanye izigulane, ngokuchasene noko, kuba isifo ngokukhawuleza ekhokelela ongaboniyo ezibalulekileyo. Bomzimba kuba ezingahambi uhlobo nokuba ezimanzi okanye ezomileyo kwezimilo. Phakathi iimpawu eziphambili yamehlo macular ziphawulwe:

• ukungaboni;
• uhlaba imigca ethe ngqo (umzekelo, isithunzela-mnyango lokuvula ukuze babonakale ukugoba);
• ubunzima kokuhlolisisa izahlulo (ekufundeni, umzekelo);
• ubukho ichaphaza elincinane emnyama embindini asendle ezibonwayo, kunye kwexesha ngokwandisa ubukhulu.

amanyathelo zokuxilonga

Eko imbonakalo ukonakala kunokwenzeka xa usibona a ukukhalaza lweengcali abakhulileyo ngomonde kombono yehla. Ukwandisa abafundi isicelo amathontsi ezizodwa. Ngenxa kule ukuphululwa iba kufumaneka emva iliso. Inkqubo uphethwe lendlele ikwasetyenziswa Amsler uvavanyo - iphepha nemileyo kunye ichaphaza omnyama embindini. Ukuba kusalindelwe umgca uphawu iseli engundoqo abavelayo kujikwa (egqwethekileyo), ngoko oku kubonisa ukuba ngezifo.

Macular angakwazi: Treatment

Njengoko practice ibonisa, kwiimeko ezininzi, nawaphi na amanyathelo zonyango ukuba akwenziwanga. Ezinye izigulane, nakuba kunjalo, kunye owomileyo ifomu ngezifo eyabelwe ngamandla ophantsi, okanye threshold, laser sesichengeni. kubume bayo kukususa ngokusebenzisa amathamo ngokulinganisela Friends kwemitha (iidipozithi ezithile elityheli). De kube kutshanje, xa uhlobo omanzi sifo wasebenzisa indlela unyango photodynamic usebenzisa agents "Vizudin". Ichiza yenziwa isigulane yegazi. Ukususela Ukubolekisa iziyobisi zenkqubo emane ukulibeka abasandula kuphela ukusekwa iimpahla zengingqi. Ngoko, lithetha "Vizudin" aluchaphazeli epithelium retina. Kunye ukusetyenziswa ichiza kwenziwa iseshoni laser. Lenquba yenzelwa phantsi kolawulo computer. radiation kwapasa-sibhekiswe kummandla (isixhobo fibre optic esetyenziselwe le njongo) ndizayo neovascular. Pathologically neempahla eziyingozi zapustevayut kwaye uqale lihlale ndawonye. Ngenxa yoko, ayeke ukopha. Njengoko yokusebenza ibonisa, lo isiphumo therapeutic ithatha iminyaka 1-1.5.

iindlela zangoku zonyango

Ichiza "ranibizumab" yamiselwa ngethuba lophando. Esi sixhobo senzelwe ukuba kufakwa kwisisu ocular. Ichiza abangaphangeliyo umsebenzi kunye nophuhliso nempahla elalisandul 'ukusekwa kunye imifinya subretinal neovascular. Ngenxa yoko, umbono nje yazinza, kodwa, kwezinye iimeko ngcono kakhulu. Kwanele ngokubanzi ukuba iinaliti ezintlanu ngonyaka ngamnye. Ikhosi therapeutic ihlala iminyaka emibini. Emva Inaliti yokuqala, inkoliso izigulane ziye zaphucuka umbono. Sebenzisa i "ranibizumab" iziyobisi kuvunyelwe kokubini owomileyo ngohlobo emanzi ngezifo. Izenzo ezibonisa nazo ziquka retinopathy seswekile. Isibonelelo ingasetyenziswa xa zidityaniswe ne kunyango photodynamic.

amanyathelo othintelo

Umntu akakwazi ukuyeka inkqubo ukwaluphala ndayokufika yobudala. Kodwa kakhulu kusengqiqweni ngaphandle eziliqela ezibangela le ngozi. Umzekelo, ukuyeka ukutshaya. kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthinteleni izifo indawo. Iingcali azilukhuthazi phakathi ngemini eshushu ukuya. Ukuba kukho imfuneko esinjalo, amehlo kufuneka bakhuselwe nokubhenca ngqo yelanga. Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo yokudla. Xa ukusetyenziswa ukutya isityebi cholesterol kunye okunamafutha ifumile, umngcipheko ukunyuka macular angakwazi kakhulu. Ngelo xesha ukutya intlanzi kunye namandongomane kunciphisa ingozi. Le kale akunconywa, isipinatshi njengoko prophylaxis.