Xi'an (China): ozibonayo imbali sixeko

Xi'an (China) - endlwini abalawuli abakhulu ikomkhulu of China yamandulo. Xa isixeko lifikelele ubume behlabathi inkulu. uya ntoni imbali khumbula iindonga yamandulo umzi? Ziziphi izinto umdla ungabona kuye?

kwisixeko samandulo

Xi'an (China) sesinye sezixeko ezindala emhlabeni kunye eAtene, neRoma kunye neCairo. Kuvele iminyaka engaphezu kwama-3,000 BC. e. yaye wasinda ukutshintsha amakhosi 13 China yamandulo njenge ingqukuva. Ngoko ke indlela yabo waqalisa abarhwebi Silk Road.

Isixeko samandulo Xi'an kwisicwangciso sayo elifana kwibhodi chess. ummandla wayo wahlulwe ngokohlobo iibhloko 108 square, iyileyo iye ejikelezwe yi eludongeni. Fumana ukusuka kwikota enye ukuya kwenye kungaba bayangena esangweni, leyo iphetha liyokutshona. A indawo eyahlukileyo kweso sixeko behlelo umlawuli kunye sifundo ikufutshane.

Xi'an (China) linxulunyaniswa babantu kaHomer. ukhokho wasentsomini yoMlawuli Chinese Yellow - Huang, umseki nobuTao, wayehlala esixekweni. Apha imithetho kunye qin Shihuang, bezise mhlaba kunye Chinese.

Xian abenzi bemilingo ekufikelelwe ngexesha i Tang Dynasty, xa China yaba yeyona inempembelelo lamazwe aseAsia. Kula maxesha obuBhuda izuza iifitsha intsomi Chinese ukuba beze nezinye iinkonzo: Christianity, Islam, wabhala, kubuYuda. Emva kokuba ngokuwa ubukhosi baqala ukuncipha kunye umzi, baphulukene ubume komkhulu.

Modern Xi'an (China)

Uqhekekile umzi lifumaneka kumbindi kwi kweenxweme Wei River. Modern Xian kwimephu waba ngaphezu kwixesha elidlulileyo, lo gama i-iziko zembali yehliswe kakhulu. Xa iyonke, esi sixeko ilikhaya kubantu abamalunga ne-10 lezigidi.

Xi'an ngoku kucingelwa ukuba ikomkhulu yokomoya nezembali of China, elinye lamaziko bakhe bobuKristu. Oomasifundisane bendawo abaqeqeshiweyo abantu kwabefundisi evela kwilizwe liphela. Ezinye iinkonzo kwakhona indawo: zamaSilamsi ezininzi eso sixeko yaye uye Quarter Muslim.

abasemagunyeni Local ikwazile ukugcina ubhalo nelembali mzi. Yena ayikhangeleki esinye isixeko Chinese owayemkhulu kunye amafu, ukuvala nkqu esibhakabhakeni. Kakade ke, ezibanzi, njengokuba kwenye, ukuba ezixineneyo nabantu. Kodwa ke oku akuthinteli abakhenkethi nyaka ngamnye amawaka batyelele Xi'an.

moya ngamazwe ngumgama oziikhilomitha nje-40 ukusuka esixekweni, akuyi kuba nzima ukufumana kulo njalo. Esi sixeko kwakhona izitishi-5, enye leyo ethatha oololiwe-high speed.

Xi'an: iindawo ezinika umdla

Inxalenye yamandulo isixeko engqongwe ngodonga oluphakamileyo, eziye zigcinwe ukususela kumaXesha Aphakathi ngakumbi. Xa kaMing kunye Tang udonga ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngokutsha kwaye awugqibe umsebenzi. Ekuqaleni zazakhiwe ukusuka emhlabeni, yaye kamva walungisa umxube okhethekileyo irayisi, lekalika emhlabeni, uze sakhiwe izitena.

udonga esekhona uba ubukhulu yeemitha ukuya ku-17 kunye ukuphakama kuyimitha 12-15. Ubude bayo-14 km. Egoqweni for lokuqaphela ukuziphendulela, ibekwe zemitha 120, abangama-98. inxalenye ephezulu na uhlobo iinqaba prongs ezininzi (ngaphezulu 5500).

Ngaphakathi kweendonga wamandulo ezininzi iivenkile zokutyela phantse kwenkulungwane yembali. E Xi'an neemosque ezininzi. Eyona idumileyo - i Mosque Enkulu, leyo yeyona inkulu yesine kuzo zonke of China.

Ingongoma elinye umdla kwikota yamaSilamsi. Idume kwiintlobo ngeentlobo Cuisine ukusuka halva elithozamisayo isuphu eyenziwe yegusha okanye yenkomo, leyo nokuba zifakwe kuluhlu lwe lemveli eTshayina.

Sihlaziyekile, hlukana umsindo befuna kwezitalato isixeko kuba epakini okanye Lotus Park "amanxuwa Tsyuytszyan qi" kunye edikeni layo elihle eqingqiweyo ezibekwe kuyo.

ubumba impi

Amoyika yi-Chinese Umlawuli uQin Shi Huang nobunye lizwe, yena ngokufanayo abalinganiswa, kodwa ihlabathi liphela umkhosi ongafiyo nodongwe odumileyo. Ngaphambili, i-inkolelo kokufa kunyanzeleka ukuba ukubeka ecaleni izinto zekhaya ungasekhoyo, izixhobo, amahashe imfazwe, yaye ngokufuthi abantu abahlala kuyo. Lo mlawuli Chinese waba enobuntu ngakumbi yaye wayalela ukuba ngenxa engcwabeni okulwa bakhe ngodongwe.

Around 9000 amaqhawe ngodongwe kunye amahashe sangcwatywa kunye jine Shi Huang malunga 210 BC. e. Ngamnye kubo ubunzima 135 kg. Ubuso amajoni aziphindwanga, kukho intelekelelo yokuba imele ebusweni abantu bokwenene. a lot of nokunyamezela neenzame sele yenziwe ukudala nomkhosi. Ukusebenza kulo bantu 700 000.

Umkhosi edume bafumanisa ngengozi. Ngowe-1974, umfama kusembiwa kakuhle, endaweni mfanekiso amanzi bekusembiwa kubunzulu oziimitha ezi-5. ngabembi lwenziwa kwiminyaka engama-40 yaye yagqitywa kude kube ngoku.

Confucius itempile

Icawa yangaphambili ngoku kunokuba Museum. Kukho umboniso enkulu eyayinikelwe Enkulu Silk Road. "Forest stelae" - enye yeendawo ezininzi engalibalekiyo le yimyuziyam. Eli thala ilitye, apho stelae oqingqiweyo iincwadi 2300.

Xa uMlawuli ngoCin Ndazitshisa zonke iincwadi ezibalulekileyo ezimbalini, nokuba amava kukrakra akukho kuphindwa, umlawuli we Han Dynasty wayalela ukukrola izicatshulwa kwi stelae ngamatye. Phakathi iincwadi aye oqingqiweyo imfundiso Nestorian of Christianity kunye iinkolelo ezisisiseko bulumko zikaConfucius.

Nestorian ubuKristu wamngenisa Xi'an Rabanne waseSyria 635. I koMlawuli ke ngoko ebona unqulo entsha ngaye, ukuba yayalela ukwakhiwa eMonastri imbeko lakhe ukwakha itempile Confucius tshe imfundiso.

isiphelo

Ezindongeni elidala sihleli inembali ende kwaye anzima, nto leyo ukusuka emanzini imizuzu yokuqala labo hambela Xi'an. Okubonwayo aloo mzi - iindonga sayo ezinde ukuzithethelela namatonela, kwaye umkhosi unifier Omkhulu China uQin Shi Huang, kunye nezinye izikhumbuzo ezininzi isiko Chinese.