Virtualbox: network uqwalaselo, Windows XP, 7. Virtualbox Ubuntu Windows: ulungiselelo lwenethiwekhi

abasebenzisi PC ukusebenzisa umsebenzi iintlobo zazo ezahlukeneyo lweenkqubo zokusebenza. Maxa wambi kuyimfuneko, lo gama OS mnye, sebenzisa eminye imisebenzi, yaye ngaloo ndlela ayinqweneleki wokwenza ufako kwakhona lwendlela. Kukho isisombululo enkulu - ". Oomatshini yenyani" Phakathi idumileyo ehlabathini IT-imarike - VirtualBox. Ziintoni iimpawu zayo? Njani kufuneka ukuba usebenzise VirtualBox isakhelo somsebenzi womnatha?

Yintoni VirtualBox

VirtualBox - oko kukuthi, njengoko sibonile ngentla apha, i "kumatshini onesiqhamo." Ngamanye amazwi, oku yimeko-bume software ekuvumela ukuba download imo phantse ngokupheleleyo okanye ukuba inkqubo yokusebenza ngexesha indawo lomsebenzisi ujongano inkqubo yokusebenza eyahlukeneyo.

Oko kukuthi, umzekelo, ukuba umntu usebenza kwi Windows, ukuba unako, ngokusebenzisa VirtualBox, ukuqala (kwaye phambi koko - ufake) kwi-PC Linux ngaphandle Iqalisa. Le eluncedo esebenzayo kwalo msebenzi inokuba, umzekelo, ukuba xa sisebenza kunye neenkqubo-based Windows, ungakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo imisebenzi umncedisi OS Linux line, leyo kwezinye iimeko ezinye endaweni yazo. Kunokwenzeka, ngasendleleni, kunye nenkqubo umva.

Igama elipheleleyo "kumatshini onesiqhamo" ekuthethwa - Oracle VM VirtualBox, ekubeni iphuhlise corporation ezaziwayo-kakuhle yaseMelika. Cinga iimpawu eziphambili yesisombululo evela Oracle.

Iimpawu ze VirtualBox

Inkqubo VirtualBox - isicombululo enkulu ezizezinye ezifana, ngokomzekelo, Wine, esetyenziswa kwiimeko apho abasebenzisi Linux ukuba usebenzise udweliso for Windows. Ngelo xesha linye ukusebenza of Wine akuqinisekisi lokwazisa ngempumelelo software, ngokusekelwe kwi Windows. Ngenxa yoko, i "kumatshini onesiqhamo" ikuvumela ukuba ukulayisha ujongano kwinkqubo yokusebenza efanelekileyo evela Microsoft kwaye uzisebenzise kunye phantse umsebenzi ofanayo naxa eyahlukileyo kulayishwa Windows.

Ngoko ke, xa eqhubana kwimisebenzi yolawulo ngu uthungelwano lwekhompyutha namathuba ezinjalo ezithandwa kakhulu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ukuze inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kwe Windows okanye Linux-isakhiwo ngokusebenzisa VirtualBox - kwinethiwekhi uqwalaselo ngokungqinelana kunye algorithm echanekileyo.

Imiqathango yosetyenziso

Phakathi iingenelo eziphambili VirtualBox - ngaphandle kwentlawulo. Kulo mzekelo, esi sigqibo ifumaneka uguqulelo enye enyanisweni, kodwa ngenxa yokuba, akuba kakuhle nezo ukusebenza nabo, ungasebenzisa kamva ngaphandle koloyiko ukuba umphuhlisi iya kukhupha interface entsha ngokupheleleyo kungabikho ngxaki. Qaphela, noba kunjani, ukuba inkampani Oracle udale iphakheji olongezelelweyo "ebonakalayo kumatshini» - Expension Pack, apho isakhiwo iquka izisombululo ezifana umz RDP-server, ngazo ukudibanisa kumatshini onesiqhamo ukude uhlobo ezahlukeneyo lwe protocol. iphakheji Advanced for VirtualBox ukulungiselela iinjongo zakho - oko kukuthi, ngokuxhomekeke ukusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo - iza abathanda luncedo ezamahala IT-izisombululo.

amathuba

Ziintoni iimpawu ezininzi abadumileyo lwenkqubo VirtualBox?

Ngaphezu kwako konke, eli hlobo lweeHedfowuni kumaqonga x86 - akukho mfuneko ukuxhasa Intel VT kunye AMD-V.

Le nkqubo ebalasele interface yomsebenzisi-friendly enobuchwepheshe. ulwimi Russian nayo inkxaso VirtualBox. Qwalasela inethiwekhi kunye nesisombululo ezinye iingxaki, ngoko ke kuya kwenza kube lula kubasebenzisi Russian.

VirtualBox - isisombululo cross-eqongeni. Kuyinto efanelekileyo Windows, Linux, Mac OS.

Kukho inkxaso iziqhubekisi kunye umphakathi ezininzi, ngokunjalo computers ube iitshiphusi ngaphezu kwesinye ahambelanayo.

Kukho Guest VM Izongezelelo, ukwandisa unxibelelwano kunye nenkqubo yokusebenza, ngokusekelwe apho le nkqubo iyasebenza.

Ukusebenza kumatshini onesiqhamo, njengokuba abaninzi IT-iingcali - kwelona nqanaba liphezulu.

Phakathi imisebenzi ephambili kumsebenzi ukulungiselela kunye VirtualBox - network uqwalaselo. Cinga bokuqonda zalo eziphambili izisombululo zayo.

Ukufaka Nomatshini Onesiphumo

Ngoko ke, siya kuba virtual noqwalaselo womnatha umatshini VirtualBox. Makhe sihlolisise bokuqonda ezingundoqo ozakulusebenza kwikhompyutha yomsebenzisi, kwakunye algorithms amanyathelo uqwalaselo olusisiseko software. Okokuqala kufuneka ukukhuphela iphakheji lonikezelo ukuba virtualbox.org sayithi kwaye ufake isisombululo kwi PC. Yintoni na le bokuqonda ukuze sikhatshwe sisigqibo le ngxaki? Umzekelo, kufuneka uqinisekise i ufakelo zojongano virtual kufuneka asebenze kwinethiwekhi. Kulo mzekelo, udibaniso ngqo activated okwethutyana.

Izicwangciso Key kumatshini onesiqhamo

Koko usebenzise le nkqubo. In the main interface window lizakubonisa uluhlu koomatshini virtual ingaqalisa kwi-PC. Xa uqalisa yokuqala inkqubo, ebeya kuba sodwa. Ngoko ke, umsebenzisi kumatshini onesiqhamo kuya kufuneka ukuba bazidalele kwabo. Ukuze wenze oku, cinezela iqhosha elinediski ejikelezayo, emva - khetha uhlobo kumatshini onesiqhamo kunye negama layo. OS ukuba abasebenzisi abaninzi bakhetha ukwambatha VirtualBox, - Ubuntu. Ukumisela uthungelwano kunye kuliwa bokuqonda ngokwaneleyo ngokukhawuleza umlindi lula kwinkosi.

Emva kokuba ukhethe uhlobo izicwangciso kumatshini onesiqhamo, kufuneka ukhankanye uya kuba nako ukusebenzisa iprogram njani RAM kakhulu. Ixabiso elicetyiswayo - 1 GB. Emva koko kufuneka ukwenza isithuba sediski yenyani - oku kwenziwa kwi-hard drive yekhompyutha. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ukhankanye kwi izicwangciso eziza kusetyenziselwa olu hlobo lwefayile njengoko VDI. Kwakhona badumileyo kule nkqubo, disc uya ukubanamandla. Emva kokuba ukhankanye ubungakanani-hard drive, umzekelo, 8 GB (ukubaleka "oomatshini yenyani" Akuyomfuneko isithuba kakhulu).

Cinga ukuba ukumisa "kumatshini onesiqhamo" evela Oracle. Inokubuyiselwa Ndigidima kujongano phantse naluphi na uhlobo lwe-Windows, kuquka ixhaphakileyo ehlabathini - Windows 7.

Main ngomahluko izicwangciso VirtualBox in Windows 7

Ngokufaka le program, ezifana no-Windows 7, kuya kufuneka ukuba ingoma ezinye iimpawu zalo eziphambili. Iwindow engundoqo ye VirtualBox ujongano, cinezela iqhosha lemouse ekunene ukwenza i "kumatshini onesiqhamo" kunye ukhethe "Iimpahla" ukhetho. Iqhosha ngongoma ukuba asinamdla interface ahambelanayo, ngaba - uhlobo njengesikhuseli phakathi kwezi nkqubo zimbini: isiseko kunye njengondwendwe. Esi sicwangciso ibekwe kwi "General" tab. Kungcono ukuxelela inkqubo ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa buffer ibhidi.

Kuluncedo ukuba ukhethe i-ayithem yemenyu "Wefayile", emva koko - yiya "Izilungiselelo". Xa "Jikelele" khetha Uluhlu "eneenkcukacha koomatshini." Phawula "Okunye" ukhetho kwaye ucacise ifolda apho aya khona iifayile kumatshini onesiqhamo. Xa isitshixo i "Faka" ingaqwalaselwa ngendlela apho igalelo data evela kwi mouse kunye nebhodi yezitshixo yokuntlokothiswa baqondiswe kujongano kumatshini onesiqhamo. Unako ukwenza umboniso isicwangciso - umzekelo, ngokwemiqathango ubuninzi isisombululo yekhusi.

Ivule VirtualBox nokufakela inkqubo yokusebenza yesibini

Xa wenza izicwangciso ezisisiseko, unako ukubaleka "kumatshini onesiqhamo." Ukuze wenze oku, khetha igama layo ukusuka kuluhlu kwi-main menu klikha kwiqhosha "Qala". Uya kwandula ukuhlangana apho ukufaka indlela yokusebenza oyifunayo. ukuhanjiswa kwaso, ke ngoko, ukuba balungele - umzekelo, ukuba zibaswe i CD okanye i DVD-Video idiskhi. Xa OS ifakiwe, singakwazi ugqithele neqonga, njengoko isicwangciso VirtualBox womnatha ngokukhawuleza yenyani.

Cwangcisa Network: Iinketho iqhosha

Kufuneka ukhethe uhlobo virtual inkqubo yokusebenza kwaye nqakraza "Hlela". Emva koko, yiya kwi tab "General". "Inethiwekhi" icandelo apha nathi sinomdla kuzo. Kufuneka ukhethe uhlobo lonxibelelwano, ngathi kwebhulorho. Ubonisa ukuba phakathi uNic PC kunye kumatshini onesiqhamo ziya kwayileka lijelo apho resource ahambelana kwenkqubo yangoku yokusebenza ingasetyenziswa kwezinye kwinkqubo yokusebenza. Qaphela ukuba i "Iziqulathi ekwaBelwana ngayo" ungalawuleka izinto ngokulandelelana ukugcina iifayile ezivela inkqubo yonxibelelwano phakathi PC kunye kumatshini onesiqhamo.

Elungise i-network "enembonakalo yenyani" Ubuntu OS

Njengoko sibonile ngaphambili kweli nqaku, okusingqongileyo ngokupheleleyo virtual usebenzisa VirtualBox - Ubuntu. isakhelo somsebenzi womnatha ngokuthi yokusebenza indlela yokusebenza lingaphunyezwa phakathi algorithm elandelayo. Inyathelo lokuqala ukulayisha enye iintlelo OS, eyona emalitshintshwe apha ngenjongo yokusombulula le ngxaki umbuzo. Kufuneka uye kulo releases.ubuntu.com site, ngoko ukukhetha uguqulelo 14,04 LTS. Emva koko kufuneka ungenise cacis ISO-umfanekiso. Ukuba umsebenzisi PC bit-64, kuya kufuneka inguqulelo ye Ubuntu uhlobo olufanelekileyo. Emva koko, usebenzisa VirtualBox interface, uqala OS lenkqubo yofako (ngasentla, siye sabona isebenza njani oku). Emva kokufaka Ubuntu «yenyani" kuziguqulela zigaba ziphambili inkqubo efana sentlalo network VirtualBox. inokusetyenziswa ukusombulula le ngxaki. Windows 7

Sinokusebenzisa iseva loqwalaselo script ekude usebenzisa i ssh protocol - enyanisweni, ukusebenzisa eli thuba, siye saseka i "kumatshini onesiqhamo." Phakathi zixhobo Iluncedo kusebenzo ne ssh kwi Windows - inkqubo PuTTY. Kuyimfuneko ukukhuphela site putty.org. Kodwa phambi koko, kufuneka ufake Ubuntu kakuhle - lo msebenzi lukhatshwa ngabanye bokuqonda. Makhe sihlole kubo.

Features ufakelo OS kumatshini onesiqhamo

Ekuqaleni yofakelo yenkqubo Ubuntu iya kucela ukuba isicwangciso ulwimi olufunwayo. Emva kokungena kwabo ukuqalisa ufakelo inamacandelo ezongezelelweyo. Ngexesha ukufakelwa kwenkqubo OS ingazama womnatha uqwalaselo kunye DHCP, kodwa kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela xa kukho olu hlobo server kwi network. Ukuba akunjalo, izaku umsebenzisi kuyalelwa ukuba Ukuseta useto efanelekileyo ngesandla. Kodwa ngeli nqanaba yofakelo ukukwenza oko akukho mfuneko - ungatsiba eli nyathelo.

Phakathi iimpawu ezibalulekileyo kuthi - kuba igama computer. Oku kungabonakala ngolu hlobo: computer227.computer227network.com. Oku, Kakade ke, hayi idilesi kwi Internet, kodwa kuphela PC eziyimfuneko network yesazisi. Okulandelayo, ufuna ukucwangcisa i akhawunti yomsebenzisi. Simele sikhumbule ukuba isiteketiso akayi kusebenzisa admin ilizwi - lo ingakumbi Ubuntu yokusebenza (kubekelwe kule nkqubo). Kuyenzeka ukuba ukhethe ukhetho lwe userhost, umzekelo. Password - nabani na oya kuza umnini PC lokuposa.

Okulandelayo Ubuntu ufakelo inqanaba - ixesha kunye nezicwangciso izowuni yexesha. Kunqweneleka ukuba ucacise ncakasana.

Okulandelayo, kufuneka ukhankanye inani elinkeza iziphumo hard disk. Ezi nketho zixhomekeke izibonelelo ezikhoyo kumsebenzisi, kwakunye ukwabiwa isikhala kwi hard drive yakho.

Emva ukubeka idiski nzima ziya kuqalisa yokulayisha ifayile engundoqo. Emva kokugqitywa kwalo inkqubo izakunika ukuphumeza uqwalaselo lwe package APT - kodwa oku kubaluleke kuphela xa umsebenzisi ufuna ukufaka lomncedisi womntu onegunya. Siyavuma ukuba asiyi ukulisebenzisa womnatha, ngoko eli nyathelo uqwalaselo zinokutsitywa.

Emva koko, le nkqubo iza kubuza ukuba ngaba ukufaka izinto eziyimfuneko uhlaziyo oluzenzekelayo. Abaninzi IT-iingcali bakhetha ukuba enze le nkqubo, njengoko Kule meko kungenzeka ukuba ukulawula ngokupheleleyo iinkqubo ezisebenzayo kwinkqubo yokusebenza. Kwandula ke kujongano kufanele kuphawulwe OpenSSH njengoko uhlobo software.

Kwixesha elizayo, inkqubo yokufakela inkqubo Ubuntu Uzakubuza ukuba ingaba ukufaka kummandla ahambelana ye diski, impethu le wesiqalo. Emva kokuba inkqubo yokusebenza ifakwe ngokupheleleyo, kufuneka kwakhona PC.

ongakhetha Basic Networking

Isigaba esilandelayo umsebenzi kunye VM VirtualBox - network uqwalaselo nge-Ubuntu interfaces OS. Kufuneka ungene kwinkqubo yokusebenza, ngenisa igama lomsebenzisi kunye negama lokugqitha ukuba ichazwe ngexesha lofako.

Emva amanyathelo ayimfuneko - ukufumana kwinqanaba ingcambu amalungelo ukufikelela, oko kukuthi umsebenzisi ingcambu. Kuyimfuneko ukuze uvule ukhetho ahambelanayo.

Oku kungenziwa ngokufaka lo myalelo: sudo su. Enye indlela - ukuba ufake zelayini yomyalelo sudo passwd elengcambu igama. Enyanisweni, eyona nto izicwangciso ezisisiseko kweli nqanaba. Uyakwazi ukulayisha inkqubo PuTTY abaleke kumncedisi Ubuntu OS nge umatshini yenyani.

Le bokuqonda izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi

Zeziphi bokuqonda ukusebenza Oracle VirtualBox? isakhelo somsebenzi womnatha ingafuna sazikisa ukucinga kwindlela ebesikade inani ezinye iinketho. Yintoni na?

Umzekelo, ungafuna ukuqwalasela kwiseva ngokwemiqathango ebeka on a IP-idilesi esisigxina. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka wenze utshintsho olufanelekileyo kwi / etc / inethiwekhi / interfaces. Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa lo myalelo ulandelayo: nano / etc / inethiwekhi / interfaces. Wena ke Ungayiqala uthungelwano kunye lo myalelo ulandelayo: /etc/init.d/networking ngokutsha.

Emva koko kufuneka wenze utshintsho kwi / etc / wemikhosi ukuvelelwa umyalelo efanelekileyo nano. Kubalulekile ukuba izicwangciso zilandelayo zikhona kubume kwifayile:

- 127.0.0.1 - to udibaniselana;

- 192.168.0.1 (ukuba IP-idilesi yekhompyutha kumnatha womsebenzi wobulali kwahlukile elikhankanyiweyo, ubhale ilungelo) ukuba idilesi yomncedisi elikhankanywe ngasentla, okt computer277.computer277network.com computer277.

Okulandelayo ufuna ukungena umyalelo echo computer277.computer277network.com> / etc / lenginginya, ngoko /etc/init.d/hostname uqale. Emva koko, singena lenginginya, yenzelwe igama lomamkeli-f. Kwikhusi kufuneka ubone idilesi yomncedisi.

Okulandelayo kufuneka nangolunye iwotshi, ukubaleka kwinkqubo, kunye ixesha umncedisi kwi Internet. Ukuze wenze oku, faka ilayini yomyalelo komlomo-ukufumana ukufaka ukubuyekeza NTP. Oku aphetha uqwalaselo. Emva koko ungasebenzisa ngokupheleleyo Oracle VM VirtualBox. isakhelo somsebenzi womnatha elula ngokwaneleyo. ukusetyenziswa elandelayo Ubuntu usebenzisa "kumatshini onesiqhamo" lithetha ithuba evunyelwe iseti kangangoko kunokwenzeka yomncedisi imisebenzi inkqubo yokusebenza.

isixhobo Multi-njongo: osebenza kwi Windows XP

Ngaba kumatshini onesiqhamo ukusuka I Oracle ekwi a iinguqulelo ezindala noko Windows, ezifana, XP? Ewe, kunjalo. Ngokungqinelana algorithm ingqalelo, uyakwazi ukuqwalasela ezinye iindlela zokusebenza usebenzisa VirtualBox. Kulungiselelwa inethiwekhi XP Windows, Kakade ke, kuya kuba iindlela ngandlel ezahlukeneyo. Ingakumbi, le ilayini yomyalelo njengoko e-Ubuntu, abayi alinakukhuselwa ekuhambeni nkqubo.

Noko ke, Windows XP uye Kuyaqondakala, nokuba i umsebenzisi ongenamava LAN ilawula, kunye nomsebenzi nabo kufuneka ikhatshwe nobunzima ezibambekayo kunye nokusilela.

Kakade ke, ukongeza soBuntu, kunye nezinye yokusebenza iinkqubo ukusuka Linux umgca ehambelanayo ne ubuchule of "kumatshini onesiqhamo." Phakathi kwabo kwabagqibeleleyo ukusetyenziswa kunye VirtualBox, - CentOS. isakhelo somsebenzi womnatha kule lokuhambisa Linux ziya kusekelwa algorithms, ngomhla lonke ezifana nezo sasidla ukusebenza Ubuntu.