Umbane Umoya: uyilo, isimiso ukusebenza

Uphuhliso Technology lwamandla enye ixesha elide ekuphuhliseni Iinkampani ezinkulu ehlabathini. Amanye amazwe aseYurophu zinika amathuba imali xa sijonge ukusungulwa meko kuthungelwano zamandla ombane kule minyaka izayo. Enye yezona iinkalo nathembisayo lo mhlaba ngamandla omoya, nto leyo zithandwa kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa iiphaneli zesola, kodwa zalo eziluncedo. Ngokukodwa, turbines imizi na imveliso eyonga kunye nokhuseleko esingqongileyo ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza.

Iyunithi ye-injini zomoya

Ukubunjwa yeinjini yomoya indlu luquka generator injini, nto leyo ifakiwe imasti ezizodwa iimpawu luya iibhleyidi untwisted. Kuba amandla processing efunyenweyo inika umlawuli ophetheyo ibhetri iqhagamshele ibhetri. Ngokubanzi, njengoko neebhetri zisetyenziswa amacandelo ungajongwangwa 24 Kwakhona B, lo inverter enikwe kuyilo, oludityaniswe-mbane. izixhobo Okuninzi complex kufuneka injini zomoya mveliso, elimele lonke uluhlu lwezixhobo. Unokuthi ukuba izikhululo ngokupheleleyo, kubandakanywa cabinet amandla nolawulo, ukukhuthazana unxibelelwano, umbane zombane, isistim yokulandelela xa iimeko komoya, izixhobo zokulawula blade, kwezixhobo zokulwa umlilo, ukhuseleko imibane, kunye namanye amacandelo.

isimiso ukusebenza

Nayiphi generator umoya isebenza phezu kwemimiselo sokuguqula amandla. Njengokujikeleza amacandelo esebenzayo (iincakuba okanye rotors) ivelisa emcela kunye namandla idaleka, ngaloo ndlela uza amanyathelo kunye flywheel. Ngexesha imicu ye plane flywheel yakha kukho mhlaba otsalayo phezu inxalenye engenakususwa ye-apparatus. Ngenxa yoko, ugesi uqala ukugeleza ombane. Le modeli jikelele kwaye isebenza phantse kuzo zonke izitishi le hlobo. Enye into kukuba xa kusenziwa ukusebenza injini zomoya zixhomekeke ukuba ukuguqulwa ngenxa yemozulu. Nangona developers kweendlela yabe efanayo badla ukunika yokusebenza enkulu kunye neempembelelo ezahlukeneyo ngamandla omoya, emva konke, le meko ke akucingeleki, kwaye ikhatshwe nezinye izinto ezininzi.

ephehla

Kweli nqanaba lophuhliso yentsimi yokuqala ukuthetha malunga nomba yeefomati standardised leeyunithi ezilolo hlobo, kodwa iipateni ezithile iimpawu ezingundoqo intsebenzo kufumaniseka ukuba aba lolu. Umzekelo, igunya kwephiko lomoya ukusetyenziswa indlu jikelele hayi ngaphezulu kwe-100 kW. Okuphoxayo kukuba, imfuno kunye neemodeli nokunika ukuya ku-1 kW, ezi zicwangciso isicelo mikrovetrovoy amandla. Zisetyenziswa ngokuxhobisa elwandle, ezifama kunye like. D.

ngakumbi olusebenzayo mveliso kunye nezorhwebo isixhobo esenziwe hayi iinkampani ezininzi, kodwa ke umthamo izityalo ezinjalo kunokuba ukuya ku-5 MW. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le injini enkulu, ogama ubunzima ifikelela tons eziliqela. Kwangaxeshanye, abenzi ezizama ukwenza izixhobo mobile, okanye ubuncinane ukunika ithuba zothutho. Ukuba sithetha imizekelo ukusetyenziswa ekhaya, kwiimeko ezininzi akukho injini zomoya 220, amandla iyonke ongayi kuba phezu komyalelo ka-4 kW.

Iimpawu ze-injini zomoya amancinci

Olu udidi lwezixhobo buphuma umdla ngakumbi iinkampani zorhwebo kunye nabathengi eziqhelekileyo unomdla usebenzisa amandla omoya. Ukufaka yale hlobo babe zokwakha standard eziquka iincakuba, ivili, uhlenga-injini kuthetha, kunye lwemasti wenkunkuma, inverter kunye ibhetri. Lweempawu ezizodwa ezifana nezixhobo ziquka yokuzimela geqe seentambo sikagesi - nto leyo ithetha ukuba injini zomoya encinane ekhaya unako ukusebenza kweintanethi. Lo msebenzi format lelona lizwe lihle kakhulu ukwenzela abanini propati kungekho befumana ukusuka unikezelo engundoqo amandla. Ukongeza, ezi bemeko- iinkqubo ezinjalo ezinye iimodeli badla ukudibanisa ingqiqo a ophephela ngumoya panel elanga. Ngenxa yoko, zasekhaya mini-sikhululo mayixhotyiswe umnqongo kuba uxhulumaniso DC kunye solar panel.

iintlobo generator

Icandelo esisiseko yezityalo zibangelwa ukuhlelwa nezamazembe ujikelezo. Ngokukodwa, kukho injini umoya nkqo kunye udidi nkqo analogu vane. Iiyunithi ze ngolokuqala iqela lokuqala kukho uvakalelo ezahlukeneyo inhliziyo kwaye kufuna orientation okhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, imifuziselo enjalo nayo ethile kakhulu - kuthelekiswa ufakelo tyaba wobuso yomsebenzi isiqingatha kwisikwere. Oko kukuthi, i-injini nkqo drive rotary zikhokelwa ngcono iimpawu axis umoya, kodwa ekuqaleni ukunika imali encinci wamandla.

Ngenxa yoko, indlela vane kunye axis tye wayalela bayakwazi ukuba basebenzisane kunye kummandla imilambo enkulu umoya. Kakade ke, kukho ingxaki kolwalathiso izinto zokusebenza, kodwa le ngxaki isonjululwe a weathervanes eziqhelekileyo. Ngako oko, ukufakelwa eziluncedo vane aggregate ngoku ezithembisayo ngaphezu nkqo umoya ephendulwa okuvezwa. Noko ke, ukuphuculwa uyilo, kwaye kungenzeka ukuba beze tiko yokuqala phakathi kwezi ndlela.

Abenzi ophephela

Xa umoya ukongama emarikeni uthabathe abavelisi yaseYurophu Chinese. Ngokukodwa, impumelelo enkulu ubonisa Vestas inkampani Danish, kwakunye abenzi Chinese Goldwind kunye Sinovel.

Njengoko kumashishini zasekhaya, ukuba naye lo abe nento ukuqhayisa ngalo. Kwimarike, umzekelo, imifuziselo ziyafumaneka kwi inkampani "Sapsan-Energy". Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, izicwangciso abasebenzisi ziyafumaneka iinguqulelo ezimbini kule brand - 1000 no-5000 watts. inkampani eChelyabinsk "SRC-nkqo" kukuvumela nje ukuseta uhlobo nkqo nge lomyinge umthamo we watts 1,500 ku 30,000. Ungafumana turbines Russian ukunika imali encinci amandla. Umzekelo, inkampani "Stroyinzhservis" inika umoya Umvelisi iiwathi ezingama-500. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba phantse zonke liqinisekisa Russian umenzi kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo, ngoko ke iingxaki ulondolozo lwezixhobo kufuneka kwenzeke.

Ixabiso udaba

umenzi nganye, nangona ukusetyenziswa siseko jikelele nokuphunyezwa kweenkqubo, nangoku uhamba indlela yaso. Isiphumo iiyunithi kunye neempawu ezizodwa, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, iitags ixabiso. Ingxenye yokuqala yomvelisi umoya anokufunyanwa, ixabiso apho ayehluka-40 ukuya kuma-70 amawaka. Hlikihla. Le ekhaya mini-isikhululo kunye an imo ozilawulayo yokusebenza, nto leyo ngokupheleleyo eyifaneleyo iimfuno amakhaya ezincinane. Oku kulandelwa izindululo ezixabisa 100-150 thous. Thambisani. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko ihlanganisa amandla ka 5000 W, enokusetyenziselwa iinjongo zorhwebo.

Ukuba nokwenzeka usebenzisa turbines zomoya

Ngokutsho iingcali, loo maziko akusoloko buyanceda usebenzisa iimfuno zabucala. Oku kubangelwa amaxabiso aphezulu iibhetri, inverters obandayo. Ngaphezu ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka nofakelo diesel wenkunkuma xa besitya, nayo leyo kwandisa iindleko lokuququzelela le ndlela isibonelelo samandla. Kunjalo, umbane umoya ngokwawo nga kugwebela, ukuba ukuguqulwa wenziwe ngqo ibe bubushushu. Kulo mzekelo, umsebenzi wenkunkuma iphunyezwa njenge inkqubo ubushushu, ithuba apho enokusetyenziselwa amanzi ashushu kunye zokufudumeza indlu aphantsi.

isiphelo

Ngokuba zonke iintsilelo injini yomoya ngenkuthalo inkqubela emarikeni, etsala abasebenzisi abatsha. Oku kungenxa amahle ingxenye nomtsalane amathuba ezibonelela imithombo ezamahala amandla. Sele umbane namhlanje umoya bakwazi ukuthatha isibonelelo amandla ngokupheleleyo emakhayeni. Kakade ke, asizizo zonke iingingqi zokusetyenziswa ufakelo ezinjalo ugwetyelwe ngenxa iimpawu zemozulu. Kodwa kwezi meko, iingcali bacebisa ukuba bangazamkeli ezinjalo, ukuncedisana ukufakelwa photovoltaic elements, amafutha umbane kunye neminye imithombo namandla encedisayo.