Ukwabiwa ubengo impahla yokugcina: imithetho kunye neendlela

Indawo yokugcina impahla iyona nto iphambili kwinkqubo yokusetyenziswa kweshishini. Oku kuhloswe kungekugcinwa kuphela ukugcina izinto eziphathekayo, kodwa nokubonelela ngeenkonzo zokugcina izinto, kuba yinqakraza ephambili kuyo yonke iindleko kunye nokuthunyelwa. Ngendlela umbutho womsebenzi wakhe owenziwe ngayo, umsebenzi we-ishishini ngokupheleleyo uyaxhomekeka.

Imisebenzi yokugcina impahla

Ubungakanani bemisebenzi eyenziwa kuzo zonke iindawo zokugcina iimpahla zilingana kunye kwaye ziquka ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukugcinwa kwexeshana kunye nokufakwa kwezixhobo;
• Ukuguqulwa kweendidi ezahlukeneyo;
• Ukwakhiwa kwenkonzo yokuchaneka kwinkqubo kwinkonzo.

Inkqubo yokubeka impahla kwindawo yokugcina ibonelela ubuncinane ezintathu iintlobo zokuhamba:

• Zangaphakathi (iimveliso ezihambayo ngaphakathi kwintlangano).
• Ngeveki (ukuthumela imithwalo kubathengi phambi kothutho lokuthumela ngaphandle).
• Ukufaka (ukwamukelwa kwempahla evela kubaboneleli, abafuna ukuqinisekiswa kokuchaneka kokulayishwa nokulayishwa kwemisebenzi kunye nomgangatho wokufumana).

Kukho umsebenzi wokwenza ukugcinwa kwesikhashana kwamasitokethi, oku: umsebenzi wokubeka imithwalo kunye neemeko eziyimfuneko yokugcina umgangatho wempahla.

Iindawo zokugcina iimveliso ezigqityiweyo ziqhuba ukuhlengahlengiswa nokuqhutyelwa kweemveliso ngaphambi kokuba zihanjiswe okanye ziphawulwe ngokuthe ngqo. Nantsi ikulungele ukulayisha imisebenzi.

Kubalulekile ukuphucula rhoqo ukufakwa kwempahla kwindawo yokugcina ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwendawo ekhoyo. Ukongeza kwimimandla yokugcina, kuyimfuneko ukwabela indawo apho bahlala khona ekufumaneni, ukukhupha, ukuhlenga nokulungiselela izinto zokusetyenziswa. Ukuzaliseka kwenani leemisebenzi akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwendlela yokuqonda.

Iimpahla zokurhweba zihlala zihlala kwiindawo apho imveliso iqhutywe khona, apho kuninzi imveliso efunyenwe kumashishini omthengisi, kwaye iindawo ezinkulu zokuthunyelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwiivenkile kunye nezitolo ezinkulu zenziwa kwaye zigqityiwe.

Izindlela zokugcina

Umbutho wokubeka impahla kwi-garaji yindawo ebalulekileyo kworhwebo. Kodwa ukhuseleko lomgangatho wabo kunye nokubonakala kwendlela yokubukeka kubalulekile. Izindlela zokugcina zilandelayo:

1. Sortovoy. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemveliso zibekwe ngokwahlukileyo.
2. Isiqendu. Iqela ngalinye eliza lidibene ngokwahlukileyo, ngelixa ibloko inye inokuba yintlobo yeempahla.
3. I-Partion-varietal. Iindleko nganye zigcinwa ngokwahlukileyo, kwaye iimveliso ezikuyo zihlanjululwa yiindidi kunye neentlobo kwaye zifumaneka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
4. Ngegama. Impahla eneenjongo ezahlukeneyo igcinwe ngokwahlukileyo.

Imigaqo yokubeka impahla kwimpahla yokugcina impahla

Kwintlanganiso efanelekileyo neyokukhawuleza yemveliso, izicwangciso ezizodwa ziphuhlisiwe ezibonelela indawo yokugcina isigxina. Oku kunikeza ithuba lokujonga ulondolozo, kunye nokunyamekela. Ngethuba lokuphuhliswa kwezicwangciso, umthamo, ixesha lokufumana kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla, kunye neendlela zokupakisha ziqwalaselwa.

Kukho umgaqo othandwa kakhulu: ukufuna okungakumbi - ukufuphi ukuhamba. Imveliso efunekayo imihla ngemihla ifumaneke kufuphi nendawo yokukhutshwa okanye yokuthumela.

Kwakhona kusebenza, indlela yokugcina ixesha elide kunye nexesha elifutshane ligcinwa. Kweminye imimandla kukho imveliso ebalulekileyo, kunye nabanye - ngaphantsi.
Ukubekwa kweempahla kwindawo enkulu yolondolozo kubonelela ukubunjwa kweeseli ezivumela ukuba ziqhekeke iinqanawa zeemveliso kunye nebhokisi okanye i-tray ekhoyo kuyo. Ngaphezu koko, iindinyana mazibe zibanzi ukwenzela ukuba iifoloksi ezineeforks ezisezantsi zigqitywe.

Kwiindawo zokugcina iimpahla zorhwebo kunye neentengiso ezincinci, iimpahla zidla ngokubonakala zibukhulu. Kwiindawo zokugcina zikhona izigaba zeemveliso ezincinci kunye ezinkulu. Eyona nto idibaniswe ngokubanzi, ephakathi kunye neyincinci iiseli ezinobumba ezahlukeneyo.

AmaFesti abandakanyekayo ekuveliseni izixhobo zokugcina impahla sele sele ephuhlise imodeli esemgangathweni kunye nezicwangciso zokusondeza iimpahla zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Ngamanye amaxesha kuncinci ukuthenga izityulo ezilungele ukulungelelaniswa kweeseli kunokuba zizenzele zona.

Inkqubo yokugcina idilesi

Ukufakwa kwezinto ezinengqiqo kwintengiso kubaluleke kakhulu kwizorhwebo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba likhulu kwigumbi okanye encinci. Iingcali ezininzi zincoma ukusebenzisa i-adware inkqubo ukwenza oku ukuze zikhusele ekulahlekeni okungenakukupheka, ukuhlaziya kwakhona kunye nokulahleka. Le nqubo inceda ukwandisa imali, ukuphelisa zonke iiposiso ezinokwenzeka kwaye ufumane ngokukhawuleza iimveliso nakubasebenzi abatsha emva kokufutshane.

Inkqubo iquka ukunikezela ikhowudi (idilesi), emele inani lenqaku eliqhelekileyo, i-rack kunye nekhefu. Eli gama linokuhlanganisa abalinganiswa be-4.5 okanye ngaphezulu. Ukusebenzisa le nkqubo, isabelo ngokuzenzekelayo kweeadesi ekutshekeni, iilebhile, iingxelo kunye namanye amaxwebhu afanelekileyo anikezelwa.

Ngokomzekelo, qwalasela ukulandelelana okulandelayo kwinombolo yeseli A1739:

• A, B, B - indawo yeemveliso - ifudumele, ebandayo okanye inxalenye ethile yendawo yokugcina impahla;
• Inombolo ye-17;
• 3 - inombolo yesigaba esicacileyo;
• 9 - inombolo yeshefu.

Kulo mzobo ungagqitywa ukuba le khowudi ifanelekileyo kummandla wee-shelf 99, kwaye nganye yazo ingaqukatha iziqendu ezingaphezulu kwe-10 kunye neesheluli ezili-10 ezingezantsi. Ukuba kukho ezinye izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, iikhosi zeeyile zemihlaba zisetyenziswa.

Ukubekwa ngokucacileyo kunye nokugcinwa kweempahla kwindawo yokugcina esebenzise le ndlela kubonelela ukuba kukho izicwangciso kunye nezicwangciso apho onke amagumbi ahlala khona. Ulwazi lufakiwe kwakhona kwiziko lekhompyutha.

Iikhowudi zokurhoxisa, amaziko kunye neepansi zenziwe ngeembala ezikhanyayo ukuze zibonwe ngokucacileyo. Indawo engenanto ikwahlukana kwiindawo. Ukumakishwa kwempahla kufuneka kwenziwe kwiibhokisi ezinkulu, ukwenzela ukuba abasebenzi bakwazi ukuzibona besuka kude kwaye bahambe ngokukhawuleza kwindlela. Iilebhile zicetyiswa ukuba zifakwe kwiithalafu, kungekho kwiibhokisi, ukuze kubekho indawo efanayo.

Ukufakwa

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokubeka impahla kwindawo yokugcina impahla, enceda inkampani ukuba isebenze ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukuze ugcine imveliso, epakishwe kwiingxowa, ii-coolies, ibales, ibhokisi kunye nemibhobho, sebenzisa ukuxakisha. Ukusebenzisa olu khetho, unokunika ukuphakama okufunekayo, ukuzinza nokufikelela mahala kwiimpahla. Ukuphakama kugqitywa yiipropati zemveliso, kunye neenguqu zokupakisha kwayo, umthwalo ophezulu kunye nomthamo wolondolozo ngokwawo. Oku kulala ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwe ngeenguqulelo ezintathu:

• Ngqo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziselwa imirhobho kunye neebhokisi zeesayizi ezifanayo, ngasinye saso sigaba esilandelayo sisetyenziswe kwangaphambili.
• Pyramidal. Ukusetyenziswa ukuphucula ukuzinza. Emgqeni ophezulu, esinye isihlalo sincinci, kwaye esinye esilandelayo sibekwe phantsi ezimbini.
• Inkcazo yomnqamlezo. Kuyo ibhokisi ebuninzi bobukhulu obuhlukeneyo.

Ngokugcinwa kokugcinwa kwamanzi, ukulungiswa kokugqithiswa kokuthengiswa kweempahla kwintengiso kufezekiswe, kuba ukuba iimveliso zifakwa kwiipellets ezikhethekileyo, kuya kuba nako ukusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo, okunciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi.

Kukho nendlela yokugcina isitoreji. Kubonakaliswe ukufumana iimpahla ezingahlanjululwayo, ezifikelela kwiiseli ezizodwa. Ukugcinwa okunjalo kuyinto elula kakhulu, njengoko ukubekwa kwenzeka kwiipallets ezibekwe kwiithalafu ezifumaneka kuyo nayiphi na indlela yokuphakama. Ngezantsi unako ukwandisa iimpahla, ukukhethwa kwinto eyenziwa kuphela ngesandla, kunye nephezulu-ithunyelwe nge-pallet.

Imigaqo

Ukubekwa ngokucacileyo kunye nokwebiwa kwempahla kwindawo yokugcina kwenziwa ngabaqeshwa abaqeqeshwe ngokukhethekileyo, kuba le nto igqibe ngokupheleleyo umsebenzi wobugcisa bobubini kunye nayiphi na indawo yokuthengisa. Sichaza iimfuno eziphambili:

1. Imveliso iboniswa kuphela ngokumakisha kwendlela. Iimpahla kunye nenombolo enye ye-serial zifakwe kumacala omabini e-rack enye, ngenxa yoko le ndlela yokuthunyelwa iya kuba mfutshane. Ukuba elinye iseli alaneleyo, ke iimveliso ezisele zifakwe kwicandelo elifanayo, phezulu okanye ngaphantsi, ukuze kuphela inombolo ye-shelf ishintshwe kwidilesi.
2. Kuyinto yesiko ukubeka iimpahla zangaphandle kuma-hangers, iimveliso ezininzi - ngobuninzi, kunye notywala - kwiitanks ezilungiselelwe kunye namathangi.
3. Kwiindawo ezingaphezulu zikulungele ukupakisha iimpahla zendawo yokugcina ixesha elide, kwakunye nezo zihanjiswe ngamapallets.
4. Imirhubhe enezinto ezivuthayo ezinokutsha kunye neziqhumayo zibekwe phantsi kuphela, i-coork up kunye nomqolo omnye. Oku kuyimfuneko yokugcina nokugcinwa komlilo.
5. Iimveliso ezipakishwayo mazigcinwe kwi-podtovarnike kunye neepllets.
6. Ukubekwa nokugcinwa kweempahla kwindawo yokugcina kufuneka kuqhutywe ngesiseko sokumanyaniswa kunye neendlela zokugcina. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iimfuno ze-biological kunye nama-physico-chemical, iimfuno zokucoceka nokucoceka kunye nemithetho yommandla.
7. Imveliso engeyiyo yokutya kunye nobomi obude, ukushisa kwe-10-18 ° C kunye nomswakama onxulumene nama-60-70% kufuneka.
8. Iimveliso eziqhelanise ukuba ziziqhamo ezidityanisiweyo kufuneka zixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwiimveliso ezinomsoco.

Ukufakwa kwezinto ezinengqiqo kwintengiso kwaneemfuno ezithile:

• Kufuneka ubeke iliso ngobumanzi kunye nobushushu;
• Musa ukuvelisa iimveliso kwiisiteyile nakwezinye iindawo ezingafanelekanga;
• Kubalulekile ukubeka iliso umyalelo phakathi kweeshalafu kunye nakwieshelulo;
• Izixhobo zokukhusela kufuneka zigcinwe kwindawo yazo;
• Kufuneka ihlambuluke rhoqo kwaye ijonge imilinganiselo yobutyebi bendawo yokugcina impahla;
• Akunakwenzeka ukwenza amaqatha aphezulu kakhulu;
• Iiseli ezona ziphezulu zifunwa ukuba zishiywe kwimpahla yokugcina;
• Iimveliso ezilahlekileyo kufuneka zixutywe, kunye nezinto - ngokukhawuleza zijike.

Izixhobo

Ukuze kufikelelwe ukubekwa kwekhwalithi eliphezulu kunye nokugcinwa kweempahla kwindawo yokugcina impahla, imeko yezinto ngamanye amaxesha ayanele, kuba iindawo eziphakamileyo kunye nezinto ezinzima azikwazi ukufikelela kalula. Emva koko oomatshini abakhethekileyo baya kuhlangula, okwenza umlinganiselo omkhulu womsebenzi kunye nemigudu encinane. Ukugcinwa kweevenkile kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhamba kunye nezokuthutha.

Zonke izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo zingahlukana ngamaqela alandelayo:

• Ukulayisha nokulayila imishini (i-overpasses, ibhuloho, iipampu, iidampu-iipolatifti, iinqwelo kunye nabathumeli);
• Ukuthuthwa kweendawo zokugcina izithuthi ukulungiselela ukuthengiswa kweempahla (iiplanga ezidibeneyo ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo, kumgangatho wesantya kunye neenqwelo zamatye, izigodo);
• Izixhobo zokusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo imisebenzi yokuphendula;
• Iinkqubo zolawulo ezizenzekelayo.

Izimo zo kugcina

Ukuze kugcinwe iimpahla ezibekwe kwindawo yokugcina rhoqo, ziyimfuneko ukulandela iimfuno ezithile:

1. Ukugqiba i-gastronomy usebenzisa iikhabinethi ezifrijini okanye iikhamera. Kwaye kunye ne-sausages kunye nemveliso yokubhema zigcinwa kuphela kwimeko echanekileyo.
2. Amaqanda okutya kufuneka abe kukushisa kwe-0 ukuya ku -20 ° C iintsuku ezi-7, kunye namagumbi okudlela (ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi -2 ° C) - iintsuku ezingama-25.
3. I-porridges yomntwana eyomileyo igcinwe kwiifemu zorhwebo akukho phezulu kunama-10 ° C kunye nomswakama ohambelana no-75%.
4. I-ayisikrimu iya kulahla xa igumbi lingaphezulu kwe -12 ° C.
5. Iimayonnaise kufuneka zibe kwiindawo ezisemgangathweni kwindawo yokushisa ye-+3 ukuya kwi-+18 ° C ngokuhambelana nobomi bayo.
6. Intlanzi ecolile igcinwe kwisitya esifikile kwindawo yokugcina impahla. Idibene kwi--2 ° C ngeentsuku ezingama-2.
7. Iimveliso ezininzi kufuneka zigcinwe kumagumbi ahlambulukileyo, anomileyo kunye anomoya onobuchopho obunxulumene ne-75%.
8. Intlanzi ephilayo kufuneka ibe se-aquarium kumanzi acocekileyo kungekho iiyure ezingama-48.
9. Imithetho yokubeka impahla kwintengiso ithi ityuwa kufuneka ikhutshwe kwezinye iimveliso, njengoko ithatha amanzi kunye nempepho kakuhle.
10. Inyama kunye neemveliso ezivela kuyo zigcinwe kumagumbi kunye neekhabhinethi kwi -6 ° C.
11. Iintyatyambo kunye nemifuno isasazeka kwiibhotile kwaye zifake iifriji eziphefumlelweyo ngaphandle kokukhanya kwemvelo.
12. Ubomi obuncinci beshefu bubangelwa iigwele kunye nemiqolo, njengoko ziyimveliso engonakaliyo. Ubushushu obuphezulu buvela kwi-+2 ukuya kwi -6 ° C.

Ukugcinwa kwemveliso engekho ukutya

Izindlela zokubeka impahla kwindawo yokugcina zihlukile, konke kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezivelayo. Sichaza iimfuno eziphambili:

• Izambatho kufuneka zifakwe kumahlombe.
• I-Linen ifakwe kwii-shelves zamashalofu.
• Ingcezu yeengubo kunye neendwangu zikwibhokisi.
• Iinqununu zihlanjwe ngobukhulu, uhlobo, ukuphakama nezinye iimpawu.
• Iibhola zifakwa kwiimiqolo kwiibhokisi ezingaphezu kwebhozo eziphakamileyo. Idibhodidi ibeke phakathi kwabo.
• Iintloko zeentloko zixhomekeke kwiibhokisi okanye kwiibhokisi kwaye zifakwe kwiidokodo zokhuni.
• I-Fur isinconywa ukuba igcine kwiindawo ezincinci ezikhanyayo kwaye zomoya ophefumlelweyo kumaqondo okushisa ukusuka kwi-0 kuya kwi -8 ° C. Beka iimpahla kwindawo yokugcina kuphela kuma-hangers nakwibhegi ye-polyethylene.
• Iikhabhinethi ezingabonakaliyo ziya kubakho ukugcina ubucwebe.
• Imveliso yeCeramic kunye neglasi igqitywa kwaye isetyenziswe kwii-shelves zamashalofu.
• Iipakethi zifakwa kwi-podtovarniki.

Ukugcinwa kunye nokubekwa kweempahla kwindawo yokugcina ivenkile inokulungiswa ngamacandelo (izicathulo, izinto) okanye ngamashishini atywalayo (kumadoda, kwikhaya, kwizindlu zokuhlala). Ubuncwane obusondeleyo kunye nobushushu bubekwe iliso nge-thermometer.

Ixesha lokuthumela

Ixesha lokwamkelwa kweemveliso kumgangatho udlalwa ngekhontrakthi okanye kwimigangatho yobugcisa esekwe ngaphambili. Kuzo zonke ezinye iimeko, ukwamkelwa kwempahla ngokugqibeleleyo kunye nomgangatho wenziwa ngolu hlobo:

• Kwimeko yokuba kungabikho abantu abahlala kuyo - kungekudala iintsuku ezingama-20. Umkhiqizo ongonakaliyo - kwiiyure ezingama-24 emva kokungena kwindawo yokugcina.
• Ukunikezelwa kwexesha elilodwa-ngaphaya kweentsuku ezili-10. Imfuno yemveliso etshabalalayo iyafana.

Ukwamkelwa kuthathwa njengento echanekileyo kwaye ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukuba ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kunye nokubekwa kweempahla kwintengiso kwenziwa ngexesha elimiselweyo.

Ukulungiselela ukuthengiswa

Eli nqanaba liqukethe ukuhlunga, ukukhupha, ukupakisha, ukucoca, ukucoca, ukupakisha nokumakisha kwemveliso. Inani lazo zonke izigaba zokulungiselela lixhomekeke kwinqanaba lokukulungelelaniswa kokuqala kweempahla ngexesha lokufumana kwabo, ubunzima, uludwe kunye nezinye izinto.

Ngethuba lokukhutshwa, iimveliso zikhishwa kwiipakethe zokukhusela, zihlanjwe kwaye ziqokelelwe ngokwempawu zokuxhaswa, ukucoca uthuli, ii-lubricants and resistant-contaminants. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, iziphene ezincinci zipheliswa. Yonke imisebenzi ekhankanywe ngasentla kufuneka iqhutywe kwindawo ekhethekileyo kunye nezixhobo eziyimfuneko.

Iimveliso zokutya, ezilungiselelwe ukuthengiswa, zihlanjwe ngokuphakama nobukhulu bazo. Baqatshelwe kwaye bahlambulukile. Ukwenzela i-ironing, kufuneka kubekho igumbi elilodwa, apho kukho amabhodi e-ironing. I-silk kunye neendwangu zeeboya ngaphambi kokulinganisa kwiholo yokurhweba zilinganiswa, kwaye zigqitywe kwiiplani ezikhethekileyo, ekupheleni kwezinto ezibekwe ulwazi malunga nento, ixabiso kunye nebakala lempahla.

zokuthunga metal Small pre-zahlanganiswa kwiingxowa-10, 15 kunye neeyunithi-20. Umtya kunye ezineeribhoni babekhathazwa kwi kwikhadibhodi okanye ngamaplanga planchette.

Ukwenzela ukulungiselela intengiso amakha, kufuneka bayitshekishe ngocoselelo kumqulu ukuze kungekho siphene. Phambi kokuba isicelo kummandla intengiso ifilimu, nokufota iiprojektha phezulu, kufuneka khangela intsebenzo yabo. Products zomculo ngokuyimfuneko ufuna ukumisa. Izithuthuthu kunye neebhayisekile zifumaneka simahla grease, zincedisa, eqokelelweyo ukuze ihlolwe ukuba ikumgangatho serviceability.

Uninzi lweemveliso zokutya enikeziwe kuqeqesho isambuku kwaye epheleleyo inikwa kakade evenkileni. Oku kusebenza kwi confectionery nokudla, kwakunye imifuno kunye neziqhamo. Iivenkile bahlala kunye nabo usebenzisa Ufakelo ezilula okanye isikali desktop socofo kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo. Le ndawo kufanele endhawini kogcino. packer emsebenzini lixhotyiswe impahla kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo.

Phambi ekuhambiseni iimpahla kwindlu yerhuluneli yamanqaku yakhe wazibeka iingobozi, nezithetyana zaso, iitroli okanye iibhokisi kwenye ikhonteyina esifanelekileyo.