UKumkani Abdullah Saudi nentsapho yakhe

January 23, 2015 e Riyadh isifo semiphunga wafa omdala kakhulu ngelo xesha, lo mlawuli yangoku ehlabathini - uKumkani Saudi Arabia, owayelawula ukususela ngo-2005 - Abdullah of Saudi Arabia. Iminyaka yobudala sentengo yokumkani wayeneminyaka 91 ubudala, waba ezintathu elinesibini abafazi kunye nabantwana angaphezu kwamashumi amane.

bengatshatanga

kanye igama likhulu Arabia urhulumente ivela indlu ukubusa lizwe. Izinyanya Saudis zaziwa ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-15, kwaye ukusuka embindini 18 baza kulwa kulwenziwo bengatshatanga. Kulo mzabalazo, kaloku wayekholose nemisinga ezahlukeneyo Islam, kuquka Wahhabism. Saudis ukuze kuzuzwe uloyiso waza wangena izivumelwano namazwe angaphandle - kuquka iBritani kunye US, njengoko kwakusele kwinkulungwane yama-20.

Phambi Saudi Arabia fumene imeko yangoku kunye nenkqubo yezopolitiko, kwakukho iinzame ezimbini kwaza lemfundo ubukumkani Saudi: ngo-1744 phantsi kobunkokheli Mohammad Ibn Saud ngo-1818, xa umlawuli mazwe Arabia waba Turki ibn Adallo ibn Muhammad ibn Saud, yaye kamva - yakhe indodana Faisal. Noko ke, ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, lo Saudis bagxothwa Riyadh - Riyadh kubameli Kuwait kwelinye usapho enamandla - Rashidi.

Owasungula le ohlanga

Ekuqaleni entsha - wamashumi - kwinkulungwane phakathi Saudis ababefuna ukudala imo elimanyeneyo Arabhu phantsi kolawulo lwakhe, kwakukho umfana, ogama iingalo kunye nenzululwazi emkhosini umdla ngaphezu amaphecana zonqulo okanye ubuqili bulumko Mpuma. Igama lakhe Abdul-Aziz ibn Abdul Rahman bin Faisal Al Saud, okanye nje Ibn Saud - inkosi yokuqala Saudi Arabia.

Ukususela lelinye lawona maphondo - Nejd - sithembele imfundiso "olunyulu" Islam, ukwenza isiseko yomkhosi kumaBedou, awayebafundi- yokuhlala, ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwinkxaso waseBritani, esebenzisa impumelelo yobugcisa kunye zenzululwazi entsha kwinkulungwane - unomathotholo, iimoto, eyama ucingo - Abdul Aziz ngowe-1932 waba yintloko eyasungulwa urhulumente yamandla Islamic. Ukususela ngoko, intloko Saudi Arabia amalungu yanjalo entsapho mnye: Ibn Saud noonyana bakhe abathandathu.

Centre of umhlaba Islamic

Phakathi epithets aluhlaza wawongwa umlawuli yedwa zobukumkani Saudi, yenye amagama libalulekileyo kwihlabathi Muslim - ". Umgcini of the neemosque Two oyiNgcwele," Ukumkani Saudi Arabia uye izixeko ezibini ezinkulu for Muslims azinikeleyo - ngaseMecca Medina, ezo eziphakamileyo zonqulo enkulu Islam. Kungenxa kwicala iMecca ndiphethulela ingqalelo yabo phakathi nemithandazo ngemihla Muslims. Xa iziko iMecca yi Ekhaya, Sanctuary, Great Mosque - Al-haram, kwintendelezo leyo Kaaba - "indlu engcwele" - isakhiwo cc nge eyakhelwe-kwenye kwiikona Black Stone wayo, eyayithunyelwe yi Allah umprofeti Adam, yachukumisa nguMprofeti Mohammed. Ezi ooAshera - le njongo ephambili wafuna yi-bahambi Hajj.

Medina - emzini apho lamaMuslim Mosque yesibini ngobukhulu - Masjid al-Nabawi - Mosque of umprofeti, phantsi kwawo eluhlaza leyo yindawo yokungcwaba Mohammed.

Ukumkani Saudi Arabia, phakathi kwezinye izinto - umntu, nenoxanduva ukhuseleko kwiindawo Muslim ezingcwele; ngokuba ubomi kunye nokhuseleko izihlwele emikhulu yabantu - abo ukwenza Hajj.

nyana wesibhozo umfazi wakhe

Umsunguli Saudi Arabia - Abdul Aziz Ibn Saud - inganga kwakunjalo ngasempumalanga: abafazi abaninzi, abababalayo elinesibini ezimbalwa, wamzalela 45 oonyana-ziindlalifa. umfazi Eighth, Ibn Saud waba bint Fahd Aziz uAshur, watshata emva kokuba Saudis ebulele indoda yakhe yokuqala - utshaba kunazo Abdul Aziz - ngumlawuli enye Emirates Arabia ogama Saud uRashid. Ukuba lo uzelweyo, ukumkani Abdullah of Saudi Arabia, owafa ngoJanuwari 2015 yaye washiya istampu phezu imbali yookumkani.

Xa, ngo-1982, Abdullah wayeza ukuba kuthiwe prince isithsaba yi ekunene wokuba ngubani omkhulu, wathabatha kwetrone yakhe kumntakwenu Fahd kudala wacinga: Zonke Al-Saud, ukuba eme ukuya etroneni, bazalwa omnye, umfazi wakhe othandekayo Ibn Saud - Husoy uhlobo Sudairy. Ukanti Abdullah, ebhekisela unina enye intsapho - Shamar - waba ngukumkani, waza waba umlawuli de facto, kudala ngaphambi kokuba ibekwa esemthethweni (2005) waba inkulumbuso ngo-1995, xa Fahd umhlala-phantsi, waba abakhubazeke emva istroke.

Ukuba ibindim a natalie ...

Ubomi isimo Islamic kuwo onke amanqanaba ubonakala engaqhelekanga abaMhlophe. Kunzima ukuba nomfanekiso ziinkokeli zaseYurophu, ababeza wendela izihlandlo ezingama-30, njengoko Korol Abdulla.

Saudi Arabia - ilizwe ophila umthetho elifuna, kwaye endlwini yendoda awukwazi kuphila abafazi ngaphezulu kwe ezine, yilonto ubomi bentsapho yaququzelelwa ngukumkani Saudi. Abdullah - utata wabantwana abaninzi, yena wazalwa abantwana nje malunga ezine elinesibini, kuquka oonyana-15.

Abdullah wachitha Ebuntwaneni bakhe phakathi esenjalo, leyo baba negalelo ihlombe savela ngayo - ke, kude kube ngoku, wachitha ixesha elininzi e Morocco, apho wayenza falconry, yaye ube ngayo umdyarho wayesaziwa ehlabathini lonke.

kubutyebi

Nabani na namhlanje ubona ikomkhulu SA - Riyadh - okanye ubuncinane ebonisa ngaphakathi womgca uKumkani Saudi Arabia picture, bekuya kuba nzima ukucinga ukuba ngexesha ukuyilwa ngo-1932, Saudi Arabia wayekwiqela kumazwe ahlwempuzekileyo ehlabathini. Ngasekupheleni nenani-30 oovimba elikhulu le oli negesi kuye kwavulwa Arabiya Peninsula. Uphuhliso kunye nophuhliso yesibambiso anikwa kwiinkampani ze-oyile US, okokuqala wathabatha kude uninzi yenzuzo. Ngokuthe ngcembe, ulawulo lwemveliso oyile yadluliselwa kurhulumente, oko kukuthi, intsapho yasebukhosini, kunye petrodollars ziye zaba sisiseko ubutyebi zobukumkani Saudi.

Saudis zidlala indima enkulu Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries, elawula malunga esithathwini-loovimba yeoli yehlabathi. Impembelelo kumkani Saudi kwi ukuyilwa amaxabiso hydrocarbon igqiba nokubaluleka kwazo kwezopolitiko ehlabathini. Itshintsha lonke kwinkulungwane yama-20, kodwa gqolo ukwanda.

King - wenguquko

Kunzima ukucinga amathuba utshintsho ngesiquphe nkqubo angaphandle kunye nendlela zasekhaya lizwe apho amandla ukumkani elililo, apho ukugxeka izigqibo urhulumente ahlawule intloko, apho kungekho igunya lowiso-mthetho: imithetho - oku imithetho yokumkani. Ingakumbi ukwazi malunga ubuqaqawuli kukumkani-wenguquko, nto leyo wawongwa Korol Abdulla. Saudi Arabia xa bafumana isiqabu - njengoko kalukhuni yokuziphatha lwasempumalanga, kwakunye bemveli Islam nangokubandezela kwabafazi.

Omnye imimiselo zokuqala uKumkani 6th yokumkani Saudi irhoxisiwe kumsitho kwezandla bephuzana, uze umisele ukuxhawula ngakumbi lwentando yesininzi. Isigqibo sibalulekileyo ngokuthintelwa Abdullah baba amalungu entsapho yasebukhosini ukusebenzisa iimfuno zakho mali kaNondyebo kaRhulumente ka.

I-revolution ngempela ukusekwa University of Science and Technology ukumkani Abdullah kufuphi nesixeko Jeddah, apho kuvumelekile uqeqesho odibeneyo amantombazana kunye namakhwenkwe. Akukho ngaphantsi imvakalelo yaba ukuqeshwa kwabasetyhini kwi-ofisi yoluntu: Nora bint (umhlabelo - oyindoda Isifaniso bin - "nyana") Abdalla Ben Musaed Al-Faiz waba isekela UMphathiswa for girls. Ukwamkelwa yabafazi kwiintlobo ezithile unyulo lomasipala owenza umfanekiso yokumkani Saudi ngakumbi enomtsalane ukuba abaxhasi yokuvuselelwa lwentando yesininzi. Ukwabela imali ukufunda imali kumazwe ebalulekileyo bavunyelwe ukwenza CA evulekileyo ngakumbi ehlabathini.

Ntombi kaKumkani Abdullah - Princess Adilla - yaba ubuso kwenkqubo endala karhulumente. Umfazi nomphathiswa wezemfundo, mhle, umfazi siqinisekile, uyabonakala abaninzi njengophawu lovuselelo, nangona kungekho umbuzo we uhlaziyo olukhulu indima yamabhinqa Islam.

isiko inviolable

Kunjalo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ukuze intsapho isigqibo ebukumkanini - ubungcwele kunye nokungapheli masiko asekelwe ukugcinwa elifuna.

Ukohlwaya ngokubetha kwabesifazane 'yihambo engafanelekanga' okanye iimpahla lightheadedness, ngokunqamla izandla ngenxa yobusela, isohlwayo esiqatha kaBhalam zombini for "ukukhafula", njl - .. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo kubomi kuluntu Saudi.

Ezi zithethe ziquka kunye noqhankqalazo lobu ezingqonge itrone yobukumkani Saudi. jet Private King of Saudi Arabia ukusuka kwindawo zobugcisa lwembono - i-moya oluthembekileyo ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XX-th, kodwa uhombiso elingaphakathi ikhangeleka ibhotwe intsomi yokuba i-Sultan of iintsomi "neShumi Omnye Nights."

Kwaye oku kusebenza Villas amaninzi, elwandle iimoto ubandakanyeka yasebukhosini.

Enye ngookumkani acebe

Ukubala kanye Lithamsanqa lobuqu savela kuwo iphantse ibe nzima, ingakumbi kwilizwe uvaliwe bolunye uhlanga, njengoko Saudi Arabia. Wabiza amanani ukusuka $ 30 ukuya kuma-65 ezigidi. Enoba kunjalo, loo mntu ulihlwempu, nokuba sicinga ukuba inani lamalungu osapho yasebukhosini. Kukho umntu ku tirhisa petrodollars - kubafazi uKumkani Saudi Arabia i-yabafazi umxhelo, nangona Koran akafuni ngokusesikweni abe ngaphezulu kwe ezine. Kufuneka sisebenzise ngokubonakalayo lo mtshato Institute, nto leyo empumalanga akanayo zokugcina ngokungeyomfuneko.

imicimbi yosapho

namhlanje yinkqubo eqhubekayo eliphezulu ulwazi lonaniso, ekhokelela kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Ekupheleni kuka-2013 i-ndlebe kunye ndaba baseBritani, awayenzayo intombi kaKumkani Abdullah of Saudi Arabia Princess Sahara. It Kuthiwa yena noodadewabo abathathu iminyaka eli-13 ebanjiwe ndlu, zamiselwa ukuba uyise.

Kumaphephandaba kunye ezikumaziko ewebhu iindaba apapasha amabali malunga namasiko iimazi zasebukhosini. Baba ezibandakanyekayo kunye nomama Sahara kaThixo - umfazi owayesakuba uKumkani Saudi Arabia. Amafoto Al-ANMC Daham al-Bakhit Al-Fayez, owayeneminyaka eli-15 ubudala waba ngumfazi Abdullah, kwaye anqunyulwe amagatya kunye bagxothwa emva komtshato, yongeza idrama kwiminyaka elishumi.

Kwihlazo litsale ingqalelo kwingxaki ukucalulwa kwamabhinqa kwihlabathi Muslim. Amanqaku malunga ukungalingani eyoyikekayo phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi kuluntu Saudi waphuphuma print kunye nezoqhagamshelwano ze-elektroniki. iifoto ezithandwa kakhulu, apho ndiza wadutyulwa ukumkani Saudi Arabia - Yimbonakaliso isimbo zamaxesha aphakathi karhulumente, ngokusekelwe akanaso ongalawulekiyo.

Kodwa ke kwakungekho simple, ihlabathi kusenjalo ubhetyebhetye. I sikhwela esinye ngumtshangatshangiso. Amatshantliziyo imibutho Islamic, phakathi apho kwakukho abafazi abaninzi kungekho inkanuko ngaphantsi bammangalela iintatheli nabezopolitiko ngeenzame ukunyanzelisa yokuziphatha kwabo ekuhlaleni, abazange bafumane nokwanela. Bethe nxamnye ekulinyweni izimvo banqande Koloni yokuphila labonakala lokwenene yaye kufanelekile.

UKumkani ufile, Makadle ubomi ukumkani

Namhlanje, phezu kwetrone Riyadh Salman of Saudi Arabia - ngukumkani wesixhenxe Saudi Arabia. Amafoto, leyo iyaqhutywa umlawuli omtsha, musa kwahluka kangako emehlweni baseYurophu kwezo eziye zisusiwe ngexesha ubomi ukumkani Abdullah. Imbali urhulumente Saudi uyaqhubeka.